MDPI - Publisher of Open Access Journals

18 pages, 1925 KiB

Open AccessReview

Sustainable Production Systems in the Brazilian Amazon: A Systematic Review

by Matheus de Miranda Ribeiro Borges, Liliane Marques de Sousa and Giovana Ghisleni Ribas

Sustainability 2025, 17(11), 4745; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17114745 (registering DOI) - 22 May 2025

The integration of the Amazon into the global commodities market requires ensuring the rational use of resources to meet market and socio-political demands, such as the UN’s 2030 Agenda. Responsible production practices are essential to address the current demand for sustainable land use [...] Read more.

The integration of the Amazon into the global commodities market requires ensuring the rational use of resources to meet market and socio-political demands, such as the UN’s 2030 Agenda. Responsible production practices are essential to address the current demand for sustainable land use and resource management. This study reviewed the literature (2004–2024) on the opportunities and challenges of implementing and consolidating sustainable production systems in the Amazon. It found a low distribution of studies across Brazilian Amazon states and a surge in publications since 2015, focusing on agroforestry systems and forest management. Challenges include socio-political limitations that hinder public decision-making, leading to inefficient policies, as well as economic issues, lack of know-how, inadequate infrastructure, poor logistics, and cultural resistance. Nevertheless, these systems offer opportunities such as intensified and diversified production, carbon sequestration, and soil and forest conservation. Finally, future research should consider political, social, and economic aspects to facilitate the transition from traditional to sustainable models, supporting strategies for consolidating these systems in the Amazon. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Challenges, Development and Frontiers of Smart Agriculture and Forestry—2nd Volume)

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16 pages, 4520 KiB

Open AccessArticle

StingReady: A Novel Device for Controlled Insect Sting Challenge—From Field Capture to Clinical Application

by Xesús Feás, Margarita Armisén, Sara López-Freire, Manuela Alonso-Sampedro and Carmen Vidal

Toxins 2025, 17(6), 260; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins17060260 (registering DOI) - 22 May 2025

Abstract

Reliable assessment of protection in venom immunotherapy (VIT) patients remains a clinical challenge, especially due to the limitations of conventional sting challenge tests (SCTs), which require complex insect handling and may compromise test accuracy. This study introduces StingReady, a novel, user-friendly device designed [...] Read more.

Reliable assessment of protection in venom immunotherapy (VIT) patients remains a clinical challenge, especially due to the limitations of conventional sting challenge tests (SCTs), which require complex insect handling and may compromise test accuracy. This study introduces StingReady, a novel, user-friendly device designed to streamline the SCT process by enabling safe, efficient, and minimally manipulative exposure to hymenopteran stings. For the first time, StingReady was applied to conduct SCTs with Vespa velutina, an invasive hornet species of increasing clinical relevance. The device was tested in a real-world setting at Belvís Park in Santiago de Compostela, Spain, where hornets were successfully captured and transported to the hospital without anesthesia or limb removal. The design features adjustable mesh sizes, allowing compatibility with various hymenopteran taxa. Using StingReady, nine patients underwent SCTs with no need for direct insect handling during the hospital procedure. The process improved patient safety and comfort while preserving the insect’s natural stinging behavior, thereby enhancing test reliability. This study demonstrates that StingReady significantly improves SCT methodology, offering a practical, reproducible, and ethically sound alternative for evaluating VIT efficacy across diverse hymenopteran species. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Animal Venoms)

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11 pages, 6381 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Relationships Between Breast Edema and Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer

by Derya Deniz Altıntaş, Gul Esen Icten, Füsun Taşkın and Cihan Uras

Diagnostics 2025, 15(11), 1300; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15111300 (registering DOI) - 22 May 2025

Abstract

Background/Objectives: To investigate the association between MRI features of primary breast cancers with axillary status, aiming to identify possible imaging biomarkers. Methods: Patients diagnosed with breast cancer between 2021 and 2023 in our clinic were retrospectively evaluated, and those that presented as mass [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: To investigate the association between MRI features of primary breast cancers with axillary status, aiming to identify possible imaging biomarkers. Methods: Patients diagnosed with breast cancer between 2021 and 2023 in our clinic were retrospectively evaluated, and those that presented as mass lesions on preoperative MRI examinations (n: 123) were included in the study. Patients with and without metastatic axillary lymph nodes (mALN) were compared in terms of breast density, background parenchymal enhancement, tumor size, location in the breast, distance from the skin, patient age, presence of edema, multiple foci, histopathological type and molecular subtype of tumors. In multifocal/multicentric cases, the largest lesion was taken into consideration. Prepectoral and subcutaneous edema were considered diffuse edema, while perilesional edema was considered focal edema. MannWhitney U/Student-t test, Chi- square/Fischer Exact tests and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analyses as appropriate. Results: Axilla was positive in 88 patients. There was a statistically significant difference in terms of edema, age, molecular subtype, Ki-67 index, number of lesions, tumor size, and laterality between the two groups (p < 0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that all included variables were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that presence of edema (OR: 2.46 CI; 1.11–5.48, p = 0.027) and multiple lesions (OR: 1.86 CI; 1.01–3.43, p = 0.046) were significantly associated with mALN. There was no significant difference between peritumoral edema and diffuse edema. Conclusions: Our study showed a statistically significant relationship between the axillary status and the presence of edema and multiple tumoral lesions on MRI. These findings have a potential to serve as prognostic imaging biomarkers for predicting the presence of mALN. Further studies with larger case series are needed to support our findings. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Imaging)

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19 pages, 401 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Comprehensive Dataset for Activity of Daily Living (ADL) Research Compiled by Unifying and Processing Multiple Data Sources

by Jaime Pabón, Daniel Gómez, Jesús D. Cerón, Ricardo Salazar-Cabrera, Diego M. López and Bernd Blobel

J. Pers. Med. 2025, 15(5), 210; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15050210 (registering DOI) - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Background: Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) are essential tasks performed at home and used in healthcare to monitor sedentary behavior, track rehabilitation therapy, and monitor chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Barthel Index, used by healthcare professionals, has limitations due to its subjectivity. [...] Read more.

Background: Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) are essential tasks performed at home and used in healthcare to monitor sedentary behavior, track rehabilitation therapy, and monitor chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Barthel Index, used by healthcare professionals, has limitations due to its subjectivity. Human activity recognition (HAR) is a more accurate method using Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to assess ADLs more accurately. This work aims to create a singular, adaptable, and heterogeneous ADL dataset that integrates information from various sources, ensuring a rich representation of different individuals and environments. Methods: A literature review was conducted in Scopus, the University of California Irvine (UCI) Machine Learning Repository, Google Dataset Search, and the University of Cauca Repository to obtain datasets related to ADLs. Inclusion criteria were defined, and a list of dataset characteristics was made to integrate multiple datasets. Twenty-nine datasets were identified, including data from various accelerometers, gyroscopes, inclinometers, and heart rate monitors. These datasets were classified and analyzed from the review. Tasks such as dataset selection, categorization, analysis, cleaning, normalization, and data integration were performed. Results: The resulting unified dataset contained 238,990 samples, 56 activities, and 52 columns. The integrated dataset features a wealth of information from diverse individuals and environments, improving its adaptability for various applications. Conclusions: In particular, it can be used in various data science projects related to ADL and HAR, and due to the integration of diverse data sources, it is potentially useful in addressing bias in and improving the generalizability of machine learning models. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers From the pHealth 2024 Conference, Rende, Italy, 27–29 May 2024)

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23 pages, 2502 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Randomized Controlled Trial in a 14-Month Longitudinal Design to Analyze the Effects of a Peer Support Instant Messaging Service Intervention to Improve Diabetes Self-Management and Support

by Elisabeth Höld, Ursula Hemetek, Katharina Tremmel, Tatjana Aubram, Johanna Grüblbauer, Martin Wiesholzer, Manuel Schwanda and Stefan Stieger

Diabetology 2025, 6(5), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology6050044 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Background/Objectives: The outcomes of diabetes therapy depend largely on how well patients can implement medical advice in their lives. The main aim of the DiabPeerS study was to evaluate a peer support instant messaging service (IMS) approach to diabetes self-management education and support [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: The outcomes of diabetes therapy depend largely on how well patients can implement medical advice in their lives. The main aim of the DiabPeerS study was to evaluate a peer support instant messaging service (IMS) approach to diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Participants with T2DM took part in a randomized controlled trial. Both the intervention group (IG) and the control group (CG) received standard therapy, but the IG additionally participated in the peer support IMS intervention. The duration of the intervention was 7 months, succeeded by a follow-up 7 months later. Eleven biochemical, six behavioral, and six psychosocial parameters were measured at four times. Results: The targeted sample size could not be reached, and 68 participants took part. The following results have been found for the main hypotheses: No influence on HbA1c was detected (IG: −0.27, CG: +0.06, p > 0.05). Diabetes self-management behaviors were unaffected (IG_diet: +0.02, CG_diet: +0.46, p > 0.05; IG_exercise: −0.72, CG_exercise: +0.44, p > 0.05; IG_bloodsugar: −0.21, CG_bloodsugar: +0.65, p > 0.05; IG_footcare: +0.37, CG_footcare: +1.13, p > 0.05). Quality of life increased during the intervention in both the IG (KSK: +8.92, PSK: +7.41, p < 0.001) and the CG (KSK: +8.73, PSK: +7.48, p < 0.001). Medication adherence increased in the IG (+3.31, p < 0.01), although these participants were still classified as non-adherent. Conclusions: A peer support IMS intervention is a promising approach, but we recommend combining the online setting with an initial face-to-face situation. Full article

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21 pages, 344 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

The Study of Core Practices in Support of More Ambitious Teacher Training: A Systematic Review (2019–2023)

by Tatiana López-Jiménez, Victoria Zulueta, Valentina Toro, Catalina Hernández, Natalie Vargas and Alejandro Ancapichún

Educ. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 633; https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15050633 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Over the past decade there has been growing interest in the identification of core practices and their incorporation into teacher-training programmes. Researchers have made use of methodological approaches based on consultation with experts and, to a lesser degree, field or empirical studies. With [...] Read more.

Over the past decade there has been growing interest in the identification of core practices and their incorporation into teacher-training programmes. Researchers have made use of methodological approaches based on consultation with experts and, to a lesser degree, field or empirical studies. With the aim of characterising research on core practices, we conducted a review of the recent scientific literature, identifying conceptualisations and methodological approaches. We examined 39 scientific articles published between 2019 and 2023 and identified five underlying conceptual dimensions: teachability, teacher performance, ambitious teaching, improvement of student performance, and research-based support. The most common methodological approaches used consisted of descriptive qualitative case studies conducted in the context of teacher-training programmes. We discuss how these findings could influence the use of empirical methods to identify core practices in more recently emerging fields of application, such as early childhood teacher education. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Teacher Professional Development and Teaching Practices in Early Childhood Education: An International Landscape)

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15 pages, 1975 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cathepsin B Levels Correlate with the Severity of Canine Myositis

by Valeria De Pasquale, Emanuela Vaccaro, Federica Rossin, Mariangela Ciampa, Melania Scarcella, Orlando Paciello and Simona Tafuri

Biomolecules 2025, 15(5), 743; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15050743 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Cathepsins are protease enzymes vital for normal physiological functions, such as digestion, coagulation, hormone secretion, bone resorption, apoptosis, autophagy, and both innate and adaptive immunity. Their altered expression and/or activity is associated with various pathological conditions, including inflammatory processes. In this study, we [...] Read more.

Cathepsins are protease enzymes vital for normal physiological functions, such as digestion, coagulation, hormone secretion, bone resorption, apoptosis, autophagy, and both innate and adaptive immunity. Their altered expression and/or activity is associated with various pathological conditions, including inflammatory processes. In this study, we investigated the expression levels of cathepsins in muscle specimens collected from dogs affected by inflammatory myopathy (IM) of variable severity established through histopathological analysis. Samples collected from dogs affected by IM at mild, moderate, and severe stages and from healthy (control) dogs were analyzed for the expression profile of 35 proteases using a proteome profiler array. Among the other proteases, cathepsin B was upregulated to an extent depending on disease progression. By exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying the impact of cathepsin B on the disease, we found that the upregulation of cathepsin B in diseased tissues correlates with increased TGFβ-1 expression levels and elevated phosphorylation levels of the TGFβ-1 signaling mediator SMAD2/3. These results suggest that cathepsin B might be involved in the onset and progression of fibrosis commonly occurring in IM diseased dogs. Overall, our findings reveal that modulating cathepsin B activity may hold therapeutic potential for IM. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Biological Factors)

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18 pages, 1347 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Reconciliation of Work and Personal Roles Among Critical Care Nurses: Constructivist Grounded Theory Research

by Miguel Valencia-Contrera, Lissette Avilés and Naldy Febré

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1206; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101206 (registering DOI) - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Objectives: There are numerous and varied theoretical gaps in the study of work–family interaction, which limits the understanding and approach to this phenomenon, especially among vulnerable groups such as critical care nursing professionals. In this regard, the objective of this study was to [...] Read more.

Objectives: There are numerous and varied theoretical gaps in the study of work–family interaction, which limits the understanding and approach to this phenomenon, especially among vulnerable groups such as critical care nursing professionals. In this regard, the objective of this study was to theorize the work–family interaction process among nurses working in Critical Care Units in Chile. Methods: Constructivist grounded theory was employed to conceptualize the phenomenon of interest from the perspectives of nurses, their families, and administrative staff. Data were collected through observations in two high-complexity hospitals in Chile, one public and one private; document analysis; and 51 in-depth interviews. Data analysis was conducted using constant comparisons and multi-level coding. To ensure rigor, the study followed the 13 criteria proposed by Charmaz and Thornberg for constructivist grounded theory studies and was approved by a Scientific Ethics Committee. Results: The reconciliation of work and personal roles emerged as the core process explaining the interaction between work and personal life among nurses in Critical Care Units. This complex and multidimensional process comprised three stages: resisting the war of roles, hitting rock bottom, and reconciling, through which nurses attempt to achieve balance between work and personal roles. Conclusions: We developed a theory that explains the work–family interaction process. The theory developed highlights the importance of an integrated approach that considers both sources of conflict and reconciliation strategies. Addressing this phenomenon effectively requires interventions at the individual, organizational, and public policy levels. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Nursing)

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20 pages, 399 KiB

Open AccessReview

IgM Antibody Detection as a Diagnostic Marker for Acute Toxoplasmosis: Current Status of Studies and Main Limitations

by Karolina Sołowińska and Lucyna Holec-Gąsior

Antibodies 2025, 14(2), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/antib14020044 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Accurate dating of Toxoplasma gondii infection is essential for effective clinical management, particularly in pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals, where distinguishing acute from chronic infection informs treatment decisions. Serological detection of IgM antibodies is a key tool in diagnosing recent toxoplasmosis; however, its [...] Read more.

Accurate dating of Toxoplasma gondii infection is essential for effective clinical management, particularly in pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals, where distinguishing acute from chronic infection informs treatment decisions. Serological detection of IgM antibodies is a key tool in diagnosing recent toxoplasmosis; however, its reliability is compromised by persistent IgM responses, cross-reactivity, and assay variability. While IgM lacks sufficient specificity to serve as a standalone marker of acute infection, it remains an important component of serological panels. This review summarizes current IgM detection methods and explores advancements aimed at improving diagnostic accuracy with a focus on recombinant antigens, which have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional Toxoplasma lysate antigen-based immunoassays. This paper also explores alternative methods of differentiating chronic and acute toxoplasmosis and outlines key areas for future research. Full article

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Graphical abstract

28 pages, 10801 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fast and Accurate Direct Position Estimation Using Low-Complexity Correlation and Swarm Intelligence Optimization

by Yuze Duan, Zuping Tang, Jiaolong Wei, Jie Sun and Kaixian Ying

Remote Sens. 2025, 17(10), 1799; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17101799 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Direct Position Estimation (DPE) is an alternative GNSS positioning method that models received satellite signals as a function of the receiver’s navigation state, allowing for the direct estimation of position, velocity, and time within the navigation domain. However, existing DPE algorithms face significant [...] Read more.

Direct Position Estimation (DPE) is an alternative GNSS positioning method that models received satellite signals as a function of the receiver’s navigation state, allowing for the direct estimation of position, velocity, and time within the navigation domain. However, existing DPE algorithms face significant challenges due to the non-convex nature of the optimization problem and the large solution space, resulting in high computational complexity. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a framework for searching for navigation solutions in DPE through swarm intelligence algorithms, combined with a low-complexity correlation approach. Furthermore, an adaptive Dung Beetle Optimization (ADBO) algorithm is developed. By leveraging insights from fitness landscape analysis, the ADBO algorithm dynamically adjusts subpopulation proportions and the convergence factor while incorporating hybrid mutation strategies for effective adaptation to various types of optimization problems. Benchmark function tests demonstrate that the ADBO algorithm achieves superior convergence performance compared with other popular swarm intelligence algorithms. Both extensive simulations and real GNSS data experiments further validate that the proposed framework, incorporating the ADBO algorithm, achieves improved positioning accuracy compared to traditional positioning methods while outperforming traditional search algorithms and other swarm intelligence algorithms in both accuracy and computational efficiency. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beidou/GNSS Positioning, Navigation and Timing: Methods and Technology (Second Edition))

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10 pages, 1308 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluation of Tumor Budding and Poorly Defined Clusters as Histological Biomarkers in Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Vulva

by Gilbert Georg Klamminger, Annick Bitterlich, Bashar Haj Hamoud, Erich-Franz Solomayer, Martin Ertz, Laura Schnöder, Bernd Holleczek, Walburgis Brenner, Annette Hasenburg, Mathias Wagner and Meletios P. Nigdelis

Cancers 2025, 17(10), 1718; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17101718 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Several histopathological risk factors have been examined in vulvar cancer (VC) so far. However, the prognostic relevance of morphological biomarkers such as tumor budding (TB) and poorly defined clusters (PDCs) remains to be determined. Material and Methods: We histologically analyzed the [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: Several histopathological risk factors have been examined in vulvar cancer (VC) so far. However, the prognostic relevance of morphological biomarkers such as tumor budding (TB) and poorly defined clusters (PDCs) remains to be determined. Material and Methods: We histologically analyzed the formation of peritumoral and intratumoral TB and PDCs in a cohort of 157 patients with VC. We assessed their association with clinico-pathological features and evaluated their prognostic impact in terms of the risk of local recurrence and occurrence of metastasis (Fisher’s exact test) as well as overall survival (Log-rank test). Results: We determined a distinct prognostic relevance of peritumoral TB with regard to occurrence of metastasis (Fisher’s exact test; p = 0.0415) as well as a significant reduced risk of local recurrence in the group with absent intratumoral TB (Fisher’s exact test; p = 0.0004). Furthermore, we showed that patients without peritumoral budding formation had a significant superior prognosis in terms of overall survival (p = 0.0366, x² = 4.370). Conclusions: This study shows that several new histomorphological biomarkers may serve useful in predicting the clinical course of patients with VC, identifying patients at a lower risk of developing metastases/local recurrence as well as improved overall survival. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers for Gynecological Cancers)

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18 pages, 12781 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Characteristics of Mine Pressure Behavior and Zoned Support Technology for Advancing Working Face in Ultra-Close Coal Seams

by Qi Xu, Baisheng Zhang, Junqing Guo, Zetian Li, Taoyu Liu, Fan Li and Dong Duan

Energies 2025, 18(10), 2657; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18102657 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

To address the issues of severe surrounding-rock failure and ground support component failure in advancing working-face driving roadways (AWFDRs) in ultra-close coal seams, this study used the 5202 air-return roadway in Huaye Coal Mine as a case study and for engineering background. Numerical [...] Read more.

To address the issues of severe surrounding-rock failure and ground support component failure in advancing working-face driving roadways (AWFDRs) in ultra-close coal seams, this study used the 5202 air-return roadway in Huaye Coal Mine as a case study and for engineering background. Numerical simulation, theoretical analysis, and industrial application methods were adopted to analyze the laws of the dynamic evolution of vertical stress in such roadways. The mine pressure behaviors of AWFDRs in ultra-close coal seams were also clarified, thereby enabling the proposal of a solution; namely, zoned support technology. The results show that the 5202 air-return roadway, as an AWFDR in an ultra-close coal seam, exhibits five different characteristic behaviors of mine pressure zones during excavation. Zone 1 is influenced by the adjacent working-face mining under goaf; Zone 2 is influenced by the adjacent goaf lateral abutment stress under goaf; Zone 3 is influenced by the stress of the overlying solid coal; Zone 4 is influenced by the adjacent goaf lateral abutment stress under the overlying solid coal; and Zone 5 is influenced by stabilized stress under the overlying solid coal. The mine pressure behaviors of these zones were ranked, from most intense to weakest, as follows: Zone 3 > Zone 1 > Zone 4 > Zone 2 > Zone 5. Based on this, a basic support scheme was proposed, which involves using bolt–mesh–beam supports combined with shed supports under the goaf and bolt–mesh–beam supports combined with roof anchor cables under the overlying solid coal. Additionally, in Zones 1 and 3, roof anchor cables or rib anchor cables were supplemented as reinforcing supports, which were combined with the basic support scheme described above to form a zoned support scheme for the AWFDR. The analysis of mine pressure behavior and implementation of a zoned support scheme for AWFDRs in ultra-close coal seams provides technical and engineering references for roadway supports under similar mining conditions. Full article

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12 pages, 4682 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Immobilized Copper Complexes on Coal-Bearing Kaolin for Catalyzing Allylic Ester Synthesis via C(sp³)–H Bond Activation

by Chun-Ling Zhang, Dao Su, Habuer Wang, Tegshi Muschin, Yun Wu, Yong-Sheng Bao and Huai-Yong Zhu

Molecules 2025, 30(10), 2232; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30102232 (registering DOI) - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Copper complexes have attracted significant interest for catalyzing oxidative dehydrogenative carboxylation of alkanes to form esters. Here, we report a heterogeneous catalyst, in which copper complexes are immobilized on coal-bearing kaolin for the synthesis of allylic esters via C(sp³)-H bond [...] Read more.

Copper complexes have attracted significant interest for catalyzing oxidative dehydrogenative carboxylation of alkanes to form esters. Here, we report a heterogeneous catalyst, in which copper complexes are immobilized on coal-bearing kaolin for the synthesis of allylic esters via C(sp³)-H bond activation through cross-dehydrogenation coupling reactions between cyclic alkanes and aromatic carboxylic acids. Systematic optimization of reaction conditions—including catalyst loading, copper content, oxidant, temperature, and reaction time—resulted in a high yield of 71% of allylic ester, comparable to homogeneous transition metal catalysts. The catalyst is easily recoverable via centrifugation and retains its activity over five consecutive reuse cycles. This system demonstrates broad substrate compatibility with various aromatic carboxylic acids and cyclic alkanes. Beyond offering an efficient and reusable catalytic route for allylic ester synthesis, this work highlights the potential of coal-bearing kaolin as a sustainable support material for transition metal catalysis and provides an environmentally benign method for activating inert C(sp³)–H bonds. Full article

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21 pages, 6880 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Challenges in Systematic Property Registration in Romania: An Analytical Overview

by Vasile Gherheș, Carmen Grecea, Clara-Beatrice Vilceanu, Sorin Herban and Claudiu Coman

Land 2025, 14(5), 1118; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14051118 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

After the fall of communism, Romania embarked on a comprehensive land restitution process through Law No. 18/1991, aiming to re-establish private ownership rights, particularly for agricultural and forestry lands. Divergent historical legacies across regions have resulted in heterogeneous land administration systems, contributing to [...] Read more.

After the fall of communism, Romania embarked on a comprehensive land restitution process through Law No. 18/1991, aiming to re-establish private ownership rights, particularly for agricultural and forestry lands. Divergent historical legacies across regions have resulted in heterogeneous land administration systems, contributing to inconsistencies, overlapping claims, and prolonged legal disputes. To address these challenges, the Romanian government introduced the National Cadastre and Land Registration Program, which promotes systematic property registration across the country. Keeping in mind the fact that there is no integrated study that analyses national challenges from multiple dimensions such as history, law, institutions, technology, and socioeconomics and proposes systematic optimization strategies, this article provides a critical analysis of the legal and institutional framework governing land restitution and cadastral reform, highlighting the influence of historical administrative structures and the adoption of modern geospatial technologies such as Geographic Information Systems (GISs) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). By adopting a qualitative and document-based research approach, focusing on the analysis of legislative frameworks, institutional procedures, and technical instruments used in systematic land registration in Romania, this study emphasizes the benefits of systematic registration, including increased legal certainty, investment stimulation, improved access to credit, and better planning and taxation. Despite progress, implementation remains uneven, hindered by documentation gaps, institutional capacity limitations, and administrative obstacles. Recent legislative adjustments and the integration of advanced geospatial tools aim to improve data quality and accelerate the registration process. Ultimately, the integration of legal, institutional, and geospatial components is essential for achieving transparent and accountable land governance, efficient resource management, and sustainable rural development in Romania. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Development and Investment)

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20 pages, 3728 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Vegetation Degradation on Soil Nitrogen Components and N-Cycling Enzyme Activities in a Wet Meadow on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

by Wanpeng He, Weiwei Ma, Jianan Du, Wenhua Chang and Guang Li

Plants 2025, 14(10), 1549; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14101549 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

The responses of soil nitrogen component dynamics and enzyme activities to vegetation degradation in wet meadows ecosystems remain unclear. This study employed a combination of field surveys and laboratory experiments to investigate soil nitrogen components and nitrogen cycling enzyme activities under different intensities [...] Read more.

The responses of soil nitrogen component dynamics and enzyme activities to vegetation degradation in wet meadows ecosystems remain unclear. This study employed a combination of field surveys and laboratory experiments to investigate soil nitrogen components and nitrogen cycling enzyme activities under different intensities of vegetation degradation and during the vegetation growth season in a wet meadow on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. The aim was to explore the responses of soil nitrogen components and nitrogen cycling enzyme activities to vegetation degradation and their interrelationships. The results showed that vegetation degradation significantly reduced TN, NH₄⁺-N, MBN, PRO, and NiR, and increased NO₃⁻-N, URE, and NR. Soil nitrogen components and enzyme activities exhibited seasonal fluctuations across different degradation levels during the growing season. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between temperature, moisture, nitrogen fractions, and nitrogen cycle-related enzyme activities, as well as between the nitrogen fractions and the enzyme activities themselves. Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS-PM) elucidated the relationships between soil properties and nitrogen components under different degradation levels, explaining 78% of the variance in nitrogen components. Degradation level, growth season, and soil physical properties had indirect associations with nitrogen components, whereas soil enzyme activities exerted a direct positive influence on nitrogen components. Our research revealed the universal impact mechanism of environmental factors, soil characteristics, and vegetation degradation on nitrogen cycling in a wet meadow, thereby making a significant contribution to the restoration and maintenance of functional integrity in alpine wetland ecosystems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Plant Ecology)

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13 pages, 228 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Associations of Involuntary Smoking with Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Suicidal Behaviors in Early Adulthood

by Hongyang Li, Yunyun Liu, Feiyu Yuan, Jichao Li, Xiangxin Zhang and Mingyang Wu

Toxics 2025, 13(5), 412; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13050412 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that involuntary smoking (e.g., secondhand smoke [SHS] and thirdhand smoke [THS]) is not only associated with an increased risk of several physical health problems, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer, but also impacts mental health, including depression and [...] Read more.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that involuntary smoking (e.g., secondhand smoke [SHS] and thirdhand smoke [THS]) is not only associated with an increased risk of several physical health problems, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer, but also impacts mental health, including depression and anxiety. However, the relationships between SHS and THS exposure and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicidal ideation (SI), and suicide attempts (SAs) remain unclear. Methods: Participants were recruited at a Chinese vocational college via voluntary online surveys conducted on campus. Self-reported SHS exposure was determined by the frequency of contact with smokers or detecting tobacco odors in living environments, while THS was assessed through regular contact with smoker-contaminated surfaces (e.g., clothing, furniture, textiles). Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations of SHS and THS exposure with the prevalence of NSSI, SI, and SAs in never-smoking participants. Results: The study included 5716 participants (mean age = 19.3 years; females, 85.4%). The prevalence of SHS and THS exposure was 87.6% and 77.4%, with 8.8% reporting ≥15 min of SHS exposure on at least one day per week. After controlling for potential covariates, exposure to SHS (≥15 min on at least one day per week) was significantly associated with the odds of SAs (OR [95%CI] = 1.85 [1.17–2.91]). Additionally, daily THS exposure was significantly associated with increased past-year NSSI prevalence (2.35 [1.29–4.28]) compared to those without THS exposure, with similar associations observed for SI (2.11 [1.28–3.48]) and SAs (2.40 [1.23–4.69]). Conclusions: Exposure to SHS and THS was significantly associated with increased likelihood of NSSI, SI, and SAs among young adults at a Chinese vocational college. Further studies are needed to validate these associations across more diverse populations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neuronal Injury and Disease Induced by Environmental Toxicants)

17 pages, 4010 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Simulation and Fitting of a PID Fuzzy Control in a Virtual Prototype of a Knee Orthosis

by Agustín Barrera Sánchez, Rafael Campos Amezcua, Héctor R. Azcaray Rivera, Arturo Martínez Mata, Andrés Blanco Ortega, Cuauhtémoc Mazón Valadez and César Humberto Guzmán Valdivia

Computation 2025, 13(5), 126; https://doi.org/10.3390/computation13050126 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Nowadays, the use of biomechanical devices in medical processes and industrial applications allows us to perform tasks in a simpler and faster way. In the medical field, these devices are becoming more and more common, especially in therapeutic applications. In the design and [...] Read more.

Nowadays, the use of biomechanical devices in medical processes and industrial applications allows us to perform tasks in a simpler and faster way. In the medical field, these devices are becoming more and more common, especially in therapeutic applications. In the design and development of orthopedic devices, it is essential to consider the limbs’ kinematic, kinetic, and anthropometric conditions, as well as the implementation of control strategies (robust, PID, fuzzy, and impedance, among others). This work presents a virtual prototype of a knee orthosis and the implementation of a control system to follow a desired trajectory. Results are presented with the virtual prototype through a co-simulation between MSC Adams and MATLAB Simulink with fuzzy control, virtually replicating the gait cycle. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Kinematics, Dynamics and Control for Rehabilitation Robotics and Prostheses)

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54 pages, 20544 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Comprehensive Review of Recent Advancements in 3D-Printed Co-Cr-Based Alloys and Their Applications

by Subhrojyoti Mazumder, Jibin Boban and Afzaal Ahmed

J. Manuf. Mater. Process. 2025, 9(5), 169; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp9050169 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Co-Cr-based alloys are outstanding materials widely used in applications ranging from engineering to biomedical devices due to their excellent physico-mechanical properties, chemical stability, and biocompatibility. The demand for these alloys is steadily increasing, prompting a shift from conventional fabrication methods, such as casting [...] Read more.

Co-Cr-based alloys are outstanding materials widely used in applications ranging from engineering to biomedical devices due to their excellent physico-mechanical properties, chemical stability, and biocompatibility. The demand for these alloys is steadily increasing, prompting a shift from conventional fabrication methods, such as casting and subtractive manufacturing, to advanced additive manufacturing (AM) techniques. These modern methods enable the production of complex geometrical shapes with enhanced properties. However, comprehensive information on current trends in 3D printing of Co-Cr-based alloys and their performance in specific applications remains limited. Therefore, the present article addresses this gap by reviewing recent advancements in the AM of Co-Cr-based alloys, offering insights for manufacturers, engineers, and researchers looking to develop optimized products. Key characteristics, including physical, mechanical, tribological, chemical, and biocompatibility properties, are thoroughly discussed, along with their applications, with a focus on potential future developments in this field. The exhaustive outlook of this paper provides a strong basis for future research endeavors in the domain of Co-Cr-alloy part production using AM. Full article

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22 pages, 2913 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparative Analysis of PRV-1 in Atlantic Salmon and PRV-3 in Coho Salmon: Host-Specific Immune Responses and Apoptosis in Red Blood Cells

by Laura V. Solarte-Murillo, Sebastián Salgado, Tomás Gatica, Juan Guillermo Cárcamo, Thomais Tsoulia, Maria K. Dahle and Carlos Loncoman

Microorganisms 2025, 13(5), 1167; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13051167 (registering DOI) - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Fish red blood cells (RBCs) are nucleated, transcriptionally active, and key players in both gas transport and immune responses. They are the primary targets of Orthoreovirus piscis (PRV), the etiological agent of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI), which includes three genotypes (PRV-1, [...] Read more.

Fish red blood cells (RBCs) are nucleated, transcriptionally active, and key players in both gas transport and immune responses. They are the primary targets of Orthoreovirus piscis (PRV), the etiological agent of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI), which includes three genotypes (PRV-1, PRV-2, and PRV-3), linked to circulatory disorders in farmed salmon. In Chile, PRV-3 affects the coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), but host–pathogen interactions remain poorly characterized. This study compared the interactions of PRV-3 in coho salmon and PRV-1 in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) using RBC infection models. RBCs were isolated from healthy juvenile salmon (n = 3) inoculated with either PRV-1 (Ct = 18.87) or PRV-3 (Ct = 21.86). Poly I:C (50 µg/mL) was used as a positive control for the antiviral response. Cells were monitored for up to 14 days post-infection (dpi). PRV-3 infection in coho salmon RBCs caused significant metabolic disruption, apoptosis from 7 dpi, and correlated with increasing viral loads. In contrast, PRV-1 infection in Atlantic salmon RBCs showed limited apoptosis and maintained cell viability. Coho salmon RBCs upregulated rig-i, mx, and pkr transcripts, indicating activation of the type I interferon pathway, whereas Atlantic salmon RBCs exhibited a more attenuated response. PRV-3 induced notable morphological changes in coho salmon RBCs, although neither PRV-3 nor PRV-1 caused hemolysis. These findings highlight species-specific differences in RBC responses to PRV infection and provide new insights into the pathogenesis of PRV-3 and PRV-1. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal Viral Infectious Diseases)

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17 pages, 2244 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Human Papillomavirus Positivity and Cognitive Function in Older U.S. Adults: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study

by Thomas J. Farrer, Jonathan D. Moore, Brinley N. Zabriskie, Morgan Chase, Chris H. Miller, Shawn D. Gale and Dawson W. Hedges

Pathogens 2025, 14(5), 508; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14050508 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Prior research has reported an association between human papillomavirus (HPV) seropositivity and dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. This study aimed to cross-sectionally investigate the association between HPV seropositivity and cognitive function in older adults. The data used for this study were from the 2011–2014 [...] Read more.

Prior research has reported an association between human papillomavirus (HPV) seropositivity and dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. This study aimed to cross-sectionally investigate the association between HPV seropositivity and cognitive function in older adults. The data used for this study were from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles. To account for the complex survey design and missing data, we applied survey-weighted regression models to each imputed dataset, using multiple imputation techniques. Across all cognitive test outcomes, no statistically significant association was observed between HPV status and cognitive performance after controlling for covariates. These findings suggest that there may not be a significant association between HPV infection and cognitive scores in this NHANES sample. Stakeholders, including policymakers and healthcare providers, should consider these findings in their professional decision-making. Future research should investigate the association between HPV seropositivity and cognition using other samples in order to further characterize the association between HPV and cognitive function in older adults. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Viral Pathogens)

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19 pages, 637 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Research on the Impact of Population Aging on Agricultural Sustainable Development

by Yan Liu, Xuanzhe Song, Senwei Huang and Manqian Xu

Sustainability 2025, 17(10), 4738; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17104738 (registering DOI) - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Using panel data from 31 provinces and municipalities in China spanning the period from 2002 to 2021, this study constructs a comprehensive indicator system to assess the level of agricultural sustainable development from the dimensions of economic, social, and ecological. A panel threshold [...] Read more.

Using panel data from 31 provinces and municipalities in China spanning the period from 2002 to 2021, this study constructs a comprehensive indicator system to assess the level of agricultural sustainable development from the dimensions of economic, social, and ecological. A panel threshold regression model is developed, with rural labor transfer serving as the threshold variable, to explore the nonlinear effects of rural population aging on agricultural sustainable development. The empirical findings indicate that the overall level of agricultural sustainable development in China has shown a consistent upward trend over the study period, with the highest level observed in the main grain-consuming areas, followed by the main grain-producing areas, and the lowest in the grain-producing and consuming balance areas. Moreover, rural population aging exhibits a significant nonlinear and positive effect on agricultural sustainable development. Based on two identified threshold values of labor transfer, the results suggest that as the proportion of labor transfer increases, the positive impact also increases. Against the backdrop of intensified rural labor migration and the consequent acceleration of rural population aging, it is imperative to promote the scaling-up of agricultural operations, foster a new generation of professional farmers, and implement region-specific sustainable agricultural development strategies to support long-term sustainability in the agricultural sector. Full article

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13 pages, 2390 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Use of Invasive Acacia Biomass to Produce Biochar and Solid Biofuels

by Óscar González-Prieto and Luis Ortiz Torres

Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 5755; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15105755 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

This study focuses on the production of high-density solid biofuels and high-fixed-carbon biochar from two invasive acacia species harvested in a protected area in Northwestern Spain, thereby contributing to its silviculture management challenge. It is possible to transform the initial biomass into briquettes [...] Read more.

This study focuses on the production of high-density solid biofuels and high-fixed-carbon biochar from two invasive acacia species harvested in a protected area in Northwestern Spain, thereby contributing to its silviculture management challenge. It is possible to transform the initial biomass into briquettes and pellets reaching high densified values above 1300 kg/m³ and 500 kg/m³, respectively. Using thermochemical conversion processes in a simple double chamber oven, a biochar was obtained with a fixed carbon of 66%. Several parameters were analyzed and compared between the original biomass and the resulting products. The results show that an added value could be achieved without applying a complex system to transform, starting from residual biomass from invasive species. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioenergy and Bioproducts from Biomass and Waste)

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17 pages, 1115 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Real-World Analysis of HRD Assay Variability in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer: Impacts of BRCA1/2 Mutation Subtypes on HRD Assessment

by Giovanni Luca Scaglione, Valentina Lombardo, Maurizio Polano, Giuseppa Scandurra, Angela Pettinato, Corrado Giunta, Rosario Iemmolo, Paolo Scollo and Ettore D. Capoluongo

Biomolecules 2025, 15(5), 745; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15050745 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

The HRD (Homologous Recombination Deficiency) test is considered a genomic alteration useful for guiding therapeutic decisions in patients with ovarian cancer. Some commercial and in house alternative “academic” tests are available. Recent findings indicate that not all BRCA1/2 mutations determine the magnitude of [...] Read more.

The HRD (Homologous Recombination Deficiency) test is considered a genomic alteration useful for guiding therapeutic decisions in patients with ovarian cancer. Some commercial and in house alternative “academic” tests are available. Recent findings indicate that not all BRCA1/2 mutations determine the magnitude of HRD and that some patients carrying BRCA1/2 mutations may exhibit indeterminate or even negative HRD scores. Furthermore, certain therapies (e.g., olaparib and bevacizumab) offer particularly pronounced benefits for high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients harboring mutations in the DNA-binding domain (DBD) of BRCA1/2. The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between the HRD scores and BRCA1/2 status of 51 HGSOC patients (50 BRCA1/2 mutated and 1 wild type). The HRD status was assessed by means of shallow whole-genome sequencing and BRCA1/2 status by the NGS pipeline. We did not find a correlation between the HRD status and type of BRCA1/2 alterations. A strong correlation between the HRD score and age was found. Our paper underlines the need to introduce other biological factors within the algorithms of the HRD evaluation in order to better tailor the HRD status, harmonize the metrics of the HRD assessment, and personalize therapies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Bioinformatics and Systems Biology)

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19 pages, 796 KiB

Open AccessReview

Relevance of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Narrative Review

by Antonietta Gerarda Gravina, Raffaele Pellegrino, Michele Izzo, Ilaria De Costanzo, Giuseppe Imperio, Fabio Landa, Assunta Tambaro and Alessandro Federico

Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47(5), 383; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47050383 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are complex immune-mediated disorders characterised by an unpredictable direction and commonly associated metabolic comorbidities along with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recent evidence has highlighted the therapeutic capacity of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), already [...] Read more.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are complex immune-mediated disorders characterised by an unpredictable direction and commonly associated metabolic comorbidities along with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recent evidence has highlighted the therapeutic capacity of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), already employed in treating T2DM and obesity, in modulating systemic and intestinal inflammatory responses. This narrative review examines the general organic traits of GLP-1, with a specific awareness of its primary gastrointestinal actions and the efficacy of GLP-1 RAs in promoting weight loss and dealing with glycaemic control, mainly in sufferers with IBD. Furthermore, the effects of those agonists on the progression of IBD, their protection profile, their impact on bowel preparation for endoscopic procedures, and their therapeutic capacity, supported through preclinical and early clinical studies, are discussed. GLP-1 RAs appear to lessen the intestinal inflammatory burden by enhancing intestinal epithelial barrier features and modulating the gut microbiota. However, further clinical research will be necessary to verify whether GLP-1 RAs could play a position in IBD treatment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intestinal Inflammation: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategies)

31 pages, 863 KiB

Open AccessReview

Unveiling the Hidden Allies in the Fight Against Antimicrobial Resistance—Medicinal Plant Endophytes

by Adeoye J. Kayode, Aboi Igwaran, Folasade Banji-Onisile, Nneka A. Akwu, John O. Unuofin, Ayodeji C. Osunla, Samson O. Egbewale and Hery Purnobasuki

Bacteria 2025, 4(2), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria4020026 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Medicinal plants have long been a vital source of various natural products in the form of pure compounds or standardized extracts. The World Health Organization estimated that 80% of populations in Africa, Asia, and Latin America rely on traditional medicine for primary health [...] Read more.

Medicinal plants have long been a vital source of various natural products in the form of pure compounds or standardized extracts. The World Health Organization estimated that 80% of populations in Africa, Asia, and Latin America rely on traditional medicine for primary health care. In recent decades, endophytic microorganisms living within plants have gained attention for their ability to produce bioactive compounds with significant therapeutic potential. This review explores the diversity of medicinal plant endophytes, focusing on their pharmacological significance, including antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic, and antioxidant properties. Additionally, we discuss the application of nanotechnology and computational tools in enhancing the potency and screening of endophyte-derived metabolites. Despite the promising potential, challenges such as scalability, safety, and commercial viability remain. Future research should prioritize optimizing production, elucidating biosynthetic pathways, and integrating advanced technologies to effectively harness these bioactive compounds for novel drug development. Full article

19 pages, 438 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Nonregular Physical Activity and Handgrip Strength as Indicators of Fatigue and Psychological Distress in Cancer Survivors

by Ilaria Pepe, Alessandro Petrelli, Francesco Fischetti, Carla Minoia, Stefania Morsanuto, Livica Talaba, Stefania Cataldi and Gianpiero Greco

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(5), 289; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32050289 - 21 May 2025

Abstract

Background: Cancer survivors who do not engage in regular physical activity often experience persistent psychological distress and fatigue, which can significantly impact their quality of life. While handgrip strength (HGS) is recognized as an indicator of overall health and physical resilience, the combined [...] Read more.

Background: Cancer survivors who do not engage in regular physical activity often experience persistent psychological distress and fatigue, which can significantly impact their quality of life. While handgrip strength (HGS) is recognized as an indicator of overall health and physical resilience, the combined role of HGS and physical inactivity in predicting psychological distress and fatigue in this population remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the relationships between self-reported physical inactivity, HGS, and psychological distress, specifically depressive symptoms, anxiety, and cancer-related fatigue (CRF), in physically inactive cancer survivors. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 42 physically inactive cancer survivors (mean age = 63.2 years, SD = 8.96) recruited from the Cancer Institute (IRCCS) in Bari, Italy. Physical inactivity was quantified based on self-reported weekly physical activity minutes, with all participants engaging in less than 150 min per week. The participants underwent HGS assessment and completed validated psychological measures, including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y1 and STAI-Y2), and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Results: Bivariate correlations were examined via Spearman's rank correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of psychological distress and fatigue, adjusting for covariates such as age, sex, cancer type, and time since treatment completion. Both lower HGS and greater physical inactivity were significantly correlated with greater depressive symptoms (HGS: ρ = −0.524, p < 0.001; physical inactivity: ρ = −0.662, p < 0.001), greater fatigue severity (HGS: ρ = −0.599, p < 0.001; physical inactivity: ρ = −0.662, p < 0.001), and increased trait anxiety (HGS: ρ = −0.532, p < 0.001; physical inactivity: ρ = −0.701, p < 0.001). No significant associations were found between physical inactivity or HGS and state anxiety (p > 0.05). Multiple regression analyses confirmed that both HGS and physical inactivity independently predicted depressive symptoms (HGS: β = −0.435, p = 0.009; physical inactivity: β = −0.518, p = 0.002), trait anxiety (HGS: β = −0.313, p = 0.038; physical inactivity: β = −0.549, p < 0.001), and fatigue (HGS: β = −0.324, p = 0.033; physical inactivity: β = −0.565, p < 0.001), even after adjusting for covariates. Low physical activity and reduced muscle strength independently predict psychological distress and fatigue in cancer survivors. Conclusions: These findings highlight the potential exacerbating role of physical inactivity in both physical and psychological vulnerability, underscoring the need for interventions promoting regular exercise. Integrating strength assessments and structured physical activity programs may be key strategies in survivorship care to improve mental well-being and overall quality of life. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Psychosocial Oncology)

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