Sustainability

Under rural revitalization and low-carbon development, the sustainable transformation of vernacular architecture has become an important research focus. Taking the Linpan as the research object, this study proposes an integrated design methodology that combines typological translation with ecological material logic for contemporary architectural design. The methodology decodes the Linpan spatial prototype—characterized by the “house–forest–field–water” structure—by abstracting key spatial relationships and translating them into contemporary architectural formal strategies, while incorporating locally grounded ecological materials to coordinate environmental performance and cultural continuity. The proposed approach is validated through the Daoming Zhuli project in Chengdu, where typological translation generates courtyard-centered layouts, semi-open transitional spaces, and bamboo-based envelope systems adapted to a humid subtropical climate. A scenario-based material comparison indicates that the use of local materials can significantly reduce embodied carbon emissions while reinforcing regional identity. In addition, comparative analyses of other vernacular settlements, including Huizhou ancient villages, Fujian Tulou, and Ait Benhaddou, are conducted to examine the methodological transferability across different climatic, spatial, and cultural contexts. This study contributes a design-oriented framework linking spatial typology and material selection, providing guidance for the sustainable renewal of Linpan and references for the contemporary adaptation of vernacular architecture in international contexts.

In dynamic organizational environments, employee-driven bootlegging innovation has emerged as an important micro-level pathway to sustainable competitive advantage. Drawing on self-determination theory, conservation of resources theory, and regulatory focus theory, this study examines how job crafting facilitates bootlegging innovation through psychological capital and how promotion focus conditions this process. Using a two-wave survey of 370 employees from multiple industries in China, we found that job crafting is positively associated with bootlegging innovation both directly and indirectly via psychological capital. Mediation analyses indicate that psychological capital significantly transmits the effect of job crafting on bootlegging innovation. Moreover, promotion focus strengthens the positive relationship between job crafting and psychological capital as well as the relationship between psychological capital and bootlegging innovation, resulting in a stronger conditional indirect effect at higher levels of promotion focus. These findings conceptualize psychological capital as a renewable reservoir of psychological resources that enables proactive job redesign to translate into constructive deviant innovation while highlighting promotion focus as a dual-path catalyst in both resource generation and resource mobilization. This study advances our understanding of the micro-level mechanisms underlying sustainable innovation and offers practical guidance for organizations seeking to foster constructive deviance in a controlled and sustainable manner.

Trade competitiveness can coexist with structurally fragile value chains. When chain feasibility fractures from trade competitiveness, competitiveness without coherence becomes sustainability’s opposite. This paper proposes revisiting the concept of sustainability in agri-food systems, through the lens of structural coherence, understood as the alignment between trade competitiveness, export-destination diversification, and value chain capacity. The research goal is to design and operationalize a diagnostic instrument for structural coherence testing through the triangulation of constant market share analysis (CMSA), the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI), and physical structural input–output analysis (I-OA). CMSA measures two elements: demand- and competitiveness-driven export dynamics. Export patterns are further explored to verify if there are any destination-market concentration risks (HHI). I-OA closes the loop by linking trade outcomes to internal value chain capacity and efficiency. With clear upstream–downstream segmentation, the sunflower oilseed value chain of the European Union (EU) represents an empirically fertile ground, relevant in the context of the geopolitical disruptions of Black Sea trade corridors and double-cropping dynamics with food-fuel and land-use trade-offs. Focusing on Bulgaria, France, Hungary, Romania, and Spain, which collectively account for more than 85% of EU sunflower seed production, this paper benchmarks post-2013 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) programming effects, utilized as a proxy for a period of stability, against the post-2020 window, marked by a sequence of crises. Diagnosis is facilitated through findings triangulation, enabling deriving CAP-relevant policy recommendations, aligned with country-specific binding constraints. Results show heterogeneous structurally incoherent profiles: Bulgaria suffers from growth-induced stress, France’s chain efficiency is eroded, the Hungarian chain lacks competitiveness, Romania is raw-export dependent with value-added leakage, and Spain is structurally constrained by physical limits. Policy recommendations target reorienting market-driven low value-added trade behaviors toward structurally sustainable value chain trajectories.