Sustainability

20 pages, 512 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Finding the “Secret Sauce” for Organizational Sustainability: Towards Successful Completion of IT Implementation Projects

by Elad Harison and Yael Lahav

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8154; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188154 (registering DOI) - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

This paper identifies the major aspects that affect the sustainability of organizations in terms of success and failure of IT implementation projects. A significant relationship between the deployment of internal project teams and sustainable results of IT implementation projects compared to professionals employed [...] Read more.

This paper identifies the major aspects that affect the sustainability of organizations in terms of success and failure of IT implementation projects. A significant relationship between the deployment of internal project teams and sustainable results of IT implementation projects compared to professionals employed via outsourcing was found. Moreover, involving professional managers with hands-on experience and knowledge of the organization in decision-making processes positively affects the project outcomes and the sustainability of the organization. Employee workload concerns are the least impactful on project overrun, while other concerns are less sustainable. Finally, a methodology that enhances the likelihood of sustainable results in IT implementation projects by involving professional managers and forming in-house teams is presented. Full article

16 pages, 474 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Investigating the Role of Financial Development in Encouraging the Transition to Renewable Energy: A Fractional Response Model Approach

by Reem Alshagri, Talal H. Alsabhan and Jawaher Binsuwadan

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8153; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188153 (registering DOI) - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between financial development and renewable energy consumption using a fractional response model. The study examines a sample of 34 advanced economies and 64 emerging markets and developing economies from 2008 to 2020. The findings from the [...] Read more.

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between financial development and renewable energy consumption using a fractional response model. The study examines a sample of 34 advanced economies and 64 emerging markets and developing economies from 2008 to 2020. The findings from the fractional response model indicate that financial development has a positive impact on renewable energy consumption in advanced economies. However, in emerging and developing economies, financial development negatively affects the consumption of renewable energy. Additionally, the findings illustrate that financial development has a more pronounced positive impact in advanced economies. This effect is especially strong in countries with higher levels of financial development. On the other hand, in emerging and developing economies, the consumption of renewable energy is more strongly affected by the negative impact of financial development on countries with lower financial development. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environment and Sustainable Economic Growth, 2nd Edition)

23 pages, 4044 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sustainable Textile Manufacturing with Revolutionizing Textile Dyeing: Deep Learning-Based, for Energy Efficiency and Environmental-Impact Reduction, Pioneering Green Practices for a Sustainable Future

by Kübra Yılmaz, İnayet Özge Aksu, Mustafa Göçken and Tuğçe Demirdelen

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8152; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188152 (registering DOI) - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

The textile industry, a substantial component of the global economy, holds significant importance due to its environmental impacts. Particularly, the use of water and chemicals during dyeing processes raises concerns in the context of climate change and environmental sustainability. Hence, it is crucial [...] Read more.

The textile industry, a substantial component of the global economy, holds significant importance due to its environmental impacts. Particularly, the use of water and chemicals during dyeing processes raises concerns in the context of climate change and environmental sustainability. Hence, it is crucial from both environmental and economic standpoints for textile factories to adopt green industry standards, particularly in their dyeing operations. Adapting to the green industry aims to reduce water and energy consumption in textile dyeing processes, minimize waste, and decrease the carbon footprint. This approach has become crucial in achieving sustainability in textiles following the signing of the Paris Climate Agreement. Important elements of this transformation include the reuse of washing waters used in the dyeing process, the recycling of wastewater, and the enhancement of energy efficiency through necessary methodological and equipment changes. This study analyzes the energy, labor, production, and consumption data since 2011 for a textile factories with four branches located in the Adana Organized Industrial Zone. Among these factories, the one designated as UT1, which has the highest average energy and water consumption compared to the other three branches, is selected. In recent years, the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies in predicting industrial processes has been increasingly observed. The data are analyzed using LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) and ANN (Artificial Neural Networks) forecasting methods. Particularly, the LSTM algorithms, which provided the most accurate results, have enabled advanced forecasting of electricity consumption in dyeing processes for future years. In 2020, electricity consumption was recorded as 3,717,224 kWh and this consumption was reflected in the total energy cost as TRY 1,916,032. Electricity consumption accounts for 22.34% of total energy consumption, while the share of this energy type in the cost is 43.25%. In the light of these data, the MAPE value for energy consumption forecasts using the LSTM model was 0.45%, which shows that the model is able to forecast with high accuracy. As a result, a solar power plant was installed to optimize energy consumption, and in 2023 60% energy savings were achieved in summer and 25% in winter. The electricity consumption forecasting results have been an essential guide in planning strategic initiatives to enhance factory efficiency. Following improvement efforts aimed at reducing energy consumption and lowering the carbon footprint, significant optimizations in processes and layouts have been made at specific bottleneck points within the facility. These improvements have led to savings in labor, time, and space, and have reduced unit production costs. Full article

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18 pages, 11694 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Nature-Based Solutions for Conservation and Food Sovereignty in Indigenous Communities of Oaxaca

by Marco Aurelio Acevedo-Ortiz, Gema Lugo-Espinosa, Yolanda Donají Ortiz-Hernández, Rafael Pérez-Pacheco, Fernando Elí Ortiz-Hernández, Sabino Honorio Martínez-Tomás and María Elena Tavera-Cortés

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8151; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188151 (registering DOI) - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

The increasing demand for food and the overexploitation of natural resources rapidly deplete the planet’s ecosystems, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable alternatives. Nature-based solutions effectively promote agricultural sustainability and environmental conservation but require continuous financial and political support to overcome existing barriers. [...] Read more.

The increasing demand for food and the overexploitation of natural resources rapidly deplete the planet’s ecosystems, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable alternatives. Nature-based solutions effectively promote agricultural sustainability and environmental conservation but require continuous financial and political support to overcome existing barriers. This research examines these solutions’ effectiveness in Santa María Jacatepec, a biocultural region of Indigenous peoples in the Papaloapan Basin, Oaxaca, Mexico. A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative and qualitative analyses uses National Institute of Statistics and Geography data to evaluate socioeconomic and environmental indicators. The results indicate that despite pressures to develop cattle ranching, communities have maintained rain-fed agriculture, especially the milpa system, ensuring food sovereignty and preserving agricultural biodiversity. Additionally, implementation of Voluntarily Conserved Areas has facilitated access to payments for environmental services, incentivizing ecosystem protection. However, financial and structural challenges persist, limiting the expansion of these solutions. Santa María Jacatepec exemplifies how Indigenous communities can apply nature-based solutions to strengthen agricultural sustainability and environmental conservation. Integrating traditional knowledge and strengthening conservation policies can enhance community resilience and ensure sustainable development amid increasing pressure on natural ecosystems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Community Engaged Nature-Based Solutions for Stewardship and Water Security)

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23 pages, 3234 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Assessing Building Energy Savings and the Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Potential of Green Roofs in Shanghai Using a GIS-Based Approach

by Yuanfan Zheng, Liang Chen and Haipeng Zhao

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8150; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188150 (registering DOI) - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

Climate change can significantly affect building energy use and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in urban areas, as fossil fuels remain a significant energy source. Green roofs can offer multiple benefits to the urban environment, but their effects on GHG mitigation have not [...] Read more.

Climate change can significantly affect building energy use and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in urban areas, as fossil fuels remain a significant energy source. Green roofs can offer multiple benefits to the urban environment, but their effects on GHG mitigation have not been fully investigated, especially under climate change. This study assessed green roofs’ contribution to GHG mitigation by saving building energy and absorbing CO₂ under the present (2017–2019) and future (2049–2051) climate scenarios (SSP2-45 and SSP5-85) in Shanghai, China, at the city and township scale. A Geographic Information System (GIS)-based spatial statistical method was developed based on climate change modeling and building energy simulation. The results suggested that installing green roofs can effectively save building energy regardless of building type, yet the amount of savings can vary depending on the weather conditions within the city. The contribution analysis indicated that most saved building energy was attributed to the Heating, Ventilation, and Cooling (HVAC) system, with more energy saved under warmer climate scenarios in the future, particularly during the summer months. More energy was saved from shopping malls on an annual and monthly scale, regardless of the climate scenarios and weather zones. Finally, a case study indicated installing green roofs on all five types of buildings (office, hotel, hospital, shopping mall, apartment) of less than 50 m in height can reduce 8.28% of the CO₂ emitted during the building operation stage in the entire city under the present climate scenario. The annual CO₂ reduction varied with the location of townships, ranging from 2.18% to 13.78%, depending on the composition of building types and local weather conditions in Shanghai. This study offered policymakers a reference on the environmental benefits and investment values of installing green roofs in large cities. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Green Building)

22 pages, 20125 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Carbon Sequestration Capacity after Ecological Restoration of Open-Pit Mines: A Case Study in Yangtze River Basin, Jurong City, Jiangsu Province

by Shenli Zhou, Xiaokai Li, Pengcheng Zhang, Gang Lu, Xiaolong Zhang, Huaqing Zhang and Faming Zhang

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8149; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188149 (registering DOI) - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

Open-pit mining seriously damages the original vegetation community and soil layer and disturbs the carbon cycle of vegetation and soil, causing instability in the mining ecosystem and decrease in the carbon sequestration capacity of the mining area. With the deepening of environmental awareness [...] Read more.

Open-pit mining seriously damages the original vegetation community and soil layer and disturbs the carbon cycle of vegetation and soil, causing instability in the mining ecosystem and decrease in the carbon sequestration capacity of the mining area. With the deepening of environmental awareness and the influence of related policies, the ecological restoration of open-pit mines has been promoted. The mining ecosystem is distinct owing to the disperse distribution of mines and small scale of single mines. However, the carbon sequestration capability of mines after ecological restoration has not been clearly evaluated. Therefore, this study evaluated the carbon sequestration capacity of restoration mines, taking the mines of the Yangtze River Basin in Jurong City, Jiangsu Province as the research objects. Firstly, the visual effects of the vegetation and soil in their current status were determined through field investigation, the methods for sampling and data collection for the vegetation and soil were selected, and the specific laboratory tests such as the vegetation carbon content and soil organic carbon were clarified. Meanwhile, the evaluation system consisting of three aspects and nine evaluation indexes was established by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE). The process of evaluation included the following: the establishment of the judgment matrix, calculation of the index weight, determination of the membership function, and establishment of the fuzzy membership matrix. Finally, the evaluation results of the restoration mines were determined with the ‘excellent, good, normal and poor’ grade classification according to the evaluation standards for each index proposed considering the data of the field investigation and laboratory tests. The results indicated that (1) the evaluation results of the mines’ carbon sequestration capacity were of excellent and good grade at a proportion of 62.5% and 37.5%, which was in line with the field investigation results and demonstrated the carbon sequestration capacity of all the restored mines was effectively improved; and (2) the weights of the criterion layer were ranked as system stability > vegetation > soil with the largest value of 0.547, indicating the stability of the system is the main factor in the carbon sequestration capacity of the mines and the sustainability of the vegetation community and the stability of soil fixation on the slope. The proposed evaluation system effectively evaluates the short-term carbon sequestration capability of the restoration mining system according to the visual effects and the laboratory testing results, objectively reflecting the carbon sequestration capacity via qualitative assessment and quantitative analysis. The evaluation method is relatively applicable and reliable for restoration mines and can provide a reference for similar ecological restoration engineering. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Solutions for Land Reclamation and Post-mining Land Uses)

17 pages, 410 KiB

Open AccessReview

Sustainability Assessment Methods for the Transport Sector Considering the Life Cycle Concept—A Review

by Dorota Burchart and Iga Przytuła

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8148; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188148 (registering DOI) - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

This paper presents a summary and review of life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) methods for the transport sector. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of articles that employ a variety of methods for assessing sustainable development in the transport sector, taking into account [...] Read more.

This paper presents a summary and review of life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) methods for the transport sector. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of articles that employ a variety of methods for assessing sustainable development in the transport sector, taking into account the economic, social, and environmental dimensions. In the sustainability assessment of transport, three methods were evaluated: life cycle assessment (LCA), life cycle cost analysis (LCC), and social life cycle assessment (SLCA). An overview of sustainability assessment methods in transport and a review of the indicators used in the life cycle sustainability assessment was conducted. It was found that the selection of indicators within the LCSA for assessing various aspects of sustainable development is dependent on various geographic and policy contexts. An overview of the application of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) methods to assess LCSA in the transport sector was performed. MCDA methods are used to support decision-making regarding the selection of the most sustainable transport options and allow for the simultaneous consideration of multiple criteria, enabling a more sustainable assessment of different transport options. MCDA methods help to rank alternative transportation fuels and help decision-makers consider indicators encompassing economic, environmental and social aspects. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Problems Arising in the Development of Sustainable Transport Systems)

27 pages, 3995 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Characterization of Geopolymer Masonry Mortars Incorporating Recycled Fine Aggregates

by Elen Abuowda, Hilal El-Hassan and Tamer El-Maaddawy

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8147; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188147 (registering DOI) - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

This study evaluates the characteristics of geopolymer masonry mortars (GMMs) made with slag–fly ash binder and up to 100% recycled fine aggregates (RFAs). For each RFA replacement rate, two types of GMMs, namely N and S types based on ASTM C91, were proportioned [...] Read more.

This study evaluates the characteristics of geopolymer masonry mortars (GMMs) made with slag–fly ash binder and up to 100% recycled fine aggregates (RFAs). For each RFA replacement rate, two types of GMMs, namely N and S types based on ASTM C91, were proportioned and tested for mechanical, physical, and durability properties. Results revealed that using geopolymeric binder enhanced the flow, water retention, compressive strength, sorptivity, and abrasion resistance of GMMs compared to cementitious counterparts but reduced the initial setting time by up to 75%. Subsequent RFA additions negatively affected the flow, setting time, density, water absorption, porosity, and bulk resistivity but enhanced the water retention, sorptivity, and abrasion resistance of GMM. It also reduced the compressive, pull-off, and flexural strengths by 36, 44, and 27%, respectively. Furthermore, S-type mortars exhibited improved bulk resistivity, sorptivity, and abrasion resistance compared to N-type counterparts. A multifunctional performance index deduced that the GMM mixes incorporating 100% RFAs were superior to geopolymeric or cementitious masonry mortars made with natural fine aggregates (NFAs). Such findings emphasize the sustainability of GMMs made with RFAs in masonry construction, eliminating the need for water curing while maintaining comparable or even superior properties compared to cement-based mortars made with NFAs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Construction Materials and Sustainability)

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24 pages, 32124 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Land Use Simulation and Ecological Network Construction around Poyang Lake Area in China under the Goal of Sustainable Development

by Zhijun Luo, Xiaofang Yang and Songkai Luo

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8146; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188146 - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

The pivotal aspects of enhancing regional ecosystem services and augmenting socioeconomic growth lie in optimizing the land-space development and protection strategies, coupled with the establishment of a robust ecological network (EN). This article examines the Poyang Lake area and employs the MOP model, [...] Read more.

The pivotal aspects of enhancing regional ecosystem services and augmenting socioeconomic growth lie in optimizing the land-space development and protection strategies, coupled with the establishment of a robust ecological network (EN). This article examines the Poyang Lake area and employs the MOP model, NSGA-II, and PLUS model to determine the best sustainable land use strategy. Subsequently, the MSPA, InVEST model, circuit theory, complex network, and others are employed to construct and analyze the land-space EN across three time periods. Ultimately, the EN is optimized based on spatial protection priority, ecological obstacle areas, and ecological nodes. The results show the following: (1) From 2005 to 2035, more construction land will be developed around the Greater Nanchang area and other urban centers. In the BAU scenario, construction land will expand faster, while cultivated land, forest, grassland, and bare land will continue to decline. In the SD scenario, the alteration to comparable land is minimal, the growth rate of construction land will slow, cultivated land, forest, grassland, and bare land will all decline little, and the water area will increase slightly; (2) While the area of ecological sources is decreased and ecological corridors become longer and narrower in the BAU scenario, the spatial distribution of ENs in different periods is small, and the quantitative structure and spatial distribution of ecological sources and corridors are essentially unchanged in the SD scenario; (3) Based on the topological structure of ENs, it is found that the clustering of nodes in the SD scenario is more obvious, the importance of ecological sources is enhanced, the efficiency of information transmission is improved, and the radiation range is wider and more stable; (4) The greatest priority ecological sources in each period are concentrated around Poyang Lake. In the SD scenario, the priority of ecological sources improves, and 7025 km² of ecological obstacle restoration area is identified, with 41, 31, and 36 ecological breakpoints in the first, second, and third levels. The study’s findings can assist and shape theoretical and practical approaches to land governance and sustainable development in great lake areas. Full article

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23 pages, 2376 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Diagnostic Study to Evaluate the Degree of Development of the Circular Economy in Chilean Companies through the Application of a 5D Model

by Juan Carlos Armijos Armijos, Karen L. Ziller Carvajal, Paola von-Bischoffshausen León and Alex Araya Mena

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8145; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188145 - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

Recently, concepts such as sustainable development, corporate social responsibility, and the circular economy have gained considerable prominence, transforming production models and business practices. However, there remains a degree of uncertainty regarding the actual level of adoption of these initiatives by companies. The objective [...] Read more.

Recently, concepts such as sustainable development, corporate social responsibility, and the circular economy have gained considerable prominence, transforming production models and business practices. However, there remains a degree of uncertainty regarding the actual level of adoption of these initiatives by companies. The objective of this study is to assess the level of implementation of the circular economy in Chilean companies using a 5D model, applied through an assessment tool called “5D Circular”. This model analyzes five key business dimensions: finance, customers, internal processes, learning and growth, and conscious integration. The study was carried out on a sample of 90 companies, using a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 represents a very low level of development and 5 a very high level. The results show that the companies in the sample have achieved a high level of implementation of the circular economy. However, the dimensions of internal processes and conscious integration show a comparatively lower level of development compared to the dimensions of learning and growth and finance, which show a high level of development. It is worth noting that all companies show advanced knowledge and significant application of the circular economy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Economic and Business Aspects of Sustainability)

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30 pages, 1103 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Integration of Cybersecurity, Usability, and Human-Computer Interaction for Securing Energy Management Systems

by Abdullah M. Albarrak

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8144; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188144 - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

The energy sector is a critical contributor to the growth and development of any country’s economy. However, ensuring robust cybersecurity within the context of smart energy services presents persistent usability challenges in an increasingly digital environment. This study explores the intersection of human-computer [...] Read more.

The energy sector is a critical contributor to the growth and development of any country’s economy. However, ensuring robust cybersecurity within the context of smart energy services presents persistent usability challenges in an increasingly digital environment. This study explores the intersection of human-computer interaction (HCI), cybersecurity, and usability to identify and address issues that impact the overall security of smart energy management systems. By analyzing the complex relationships between users and security protocols, this research aims to enhance the security framework, promote better user adherence, and improve system usability. The study focuses on three primary objectives: (1) identifying the most prevalent usability issues in current cybersecurity practices; (2) examining the relationship between HCI and user compliance with security measures; and (3) proposing strategies to improve cybersecurity usability by leveraging HCI principles. Hybrid approaches utilizing artificial intelligence facilitate empirical analysis and framework evaluation. Additionally, a comparative study with six existing models has been conducted. By envisioning a future where security measures not only ensure enhanced protection but also integrate seamlessly into user experiences, this approach seeks to provide valuable insights into ongoing cybersecurity discussions and contribute to a more resilient security landscape against evolving digital threats. Full article

23 pages, 530 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impact of Households’ Future Orientation and Values on Their Willingness to Install Solar Photovoltaic Systems

by Ridmi Gajanayake, Lester Johnson, Hassan Kalantari Daronkola and Chamila Perera

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8143; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188143 - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

Solar energy is increasing in popularity as a renewable energy source, which reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Even though many governments promote solar energy by giving various incentives, its adoption rate in households is slow. Psychological factors have been relatively overlooked in solar adoption, [...] Read more.

Solar energy is increasing in popularity as a renewable energy source, which reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Even though many governments promote solar energy by giving various incentives, its adoption rate in households is slow. Psychological factors have been relatively overlooked in solar adoption, despite the importance of social and economic factors. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate how psychological determinants impact households’ willingness to install solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. This study focusses on the future orientation and personal values (biospheric, altruistic, and egoistic values) of households’ and their willingness to install solar PV systems. The research draws from three environmental psychology theories: values orientation theory, value beliefs and norms theory, and the theory of planned behaviour to construct an integrative theoretical model. A survey involving 179 respondents in Australia was conducted and analysed applying the PLS-SEM technique. Findings revealed that future orientation and values are significant predictors of household willingness to install solar PV systems. Further, findings showed that attitude and perceived behavioural control play a significant role in installing solar. The findings will assist policymakers and solar companies in developing lucrative policies and marketing strategies to promote solar PV systems among households. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Consumer Behavior and Sustainable Consumption: Opportunities and Challenges)

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44 pages, 5134 KiB

Open AccessReview

Blue in Food and Beverages—A Review of Socio-Cultural, Economic, and Environmental Implications

by Agnieszka Szmagara

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8142; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188142 - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

The presented review concerns the cross-disciplinary approaches to the subject of blue food and blue colourants, the socio-cultural aspects of blue food and beverage consumption, human health effects, environmental impact, and economic aspects. Blue colour in relation to food is not only about [...] Read more.

The presented review concerns the cross-disciplinary approaches to the subject of blue food and blue colourants, the socio-cultural aspects of blue food and beverage consumption, human health effects, environmental impact, and economic aspects. Blue colour in relation to food is not only about improving visual appeal, to which the addition of food colouring is usually limited when the food is coloured in some way that does not encourage eating. It is also the rich and complex sociological side related to food, that is, not only the food itself but also the background, dishware, and light, depending on whether we want to encourage—to increase consumption—or discourage—to, for example, reduce the amount of food eaten for dietary purposes. The negative side of consuming and disposing of synthetic dyes and the health-promoting aspects of natural dyes are also mentioned, with the economic and environmental aspects of sourcing natural dyes being discussed. The food industry uses blue dyes not only for consumption, but also for food quality control, taking advantage of the pH-dependent colour change properties of the compound. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Agri-Food Systems: Environment, Economy, Society and Policy—Series II)

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15 pages, 1138 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impacts of Urbanization on Energy Consumption in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation Zone

by Tithy Dev, Morteza Haghiri and Gabriela Sabau

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8141; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188141 - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

Energy resources play a vital role in the process of urbanization, and the high level of energy consumption has significantly created an alarming situation for environmental degradation. Increased demand for energy consumption in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) zone is [...] Read more.

Energy resources play a vital role in the process of urbanization, and the high level of energy consumption has significantly created an alarming situation for environmental degradation. Increased demand for energy consumption in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) zone is a core concern for decreasing the existing reserves of energy, especially nonrenewable energy, when the growth of urbanization is increasing also. This study investigates the impacts of urbanization on energy consumption in this region by identifying factors that influence energy use. We employed globally used econometric techniques to examine the relationship between energy use and urbanization. The results of the study indicate that all the independent variables used in the model (except urban population growth) were statistically significant with a 99% level of confidence. In addition, the findings of this study recognized three long-run causalities running from the GDP (gross domestic product) to energy consumption, energy consumption to GDP, and energy consumption to the industry’s share of the countries’ GDP. We recommend (i) taking the initiative to invest in renewable energy, (ii) implementing green energy-efficient technologies in the industrial sector, and (iii) raising public awareness of the negative effects of energy use on the environment through education. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Energy Economics and Sustainable Development)

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18 pages, 3852 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Shanghai Transport Carbon Emission Forecasting Study Based on CEEMD-IWOA-KELM Model

by Yueyang Gu and Cheng Li

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8140; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188140 - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

In the light of the worsening of, and the adverse effects produced by, global warming, a study of Shanghai’s transport carbon emissions can provide an advanced model that can be replicated throughout other cities, thus assisting in the management and reduction of carbon [...] Read more.

In the light of the worsening of, and the adverse effects produced by, global warming, a study of Shanghai’s transport carbon emissions can provide an advanced model that can be replicated throughout other cities, thus assisting in the management and reduction of carbon emissions. Considering the volatility and nonlinearity of the carbon emission data series of the transport industry, a prediction model combining complementary ensemble empirical modal decomposition (CEEMD), the improved whale optimization algorithm (IWOA), and the Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (KELM) is proposed for a more accurate prediction of the forecasting of carbon emissions from Shanghai’s transport sector. First, nine indicators were screened as the influencing factors of Shanghai’s transport carbon emissions through the STIRPAT model, and the corresponding carbon emissions were calculated with data related to Shanghai’s transport carbon emissions from 1995 to 2019; Secondly, CEEMD was used to decompose the original data into multiple smooth series and one residual term, and KELM was applied to build a prediction model for each decomposition result, and IWOA was used to optimize the model parameters. The experimental results also demonstrate that CEEMD can effectively reduce model errors. Comparative experiments show that the IWOA algorithm can significantly enhance the stability of machine learning models. The outcomes of various experiments indicate that the CEEMD-IWOA-KELM model produces optimal results with the highest accuracy. Additionally, this model exhibits high stability, as it provides a wider range of methods for predicting carbon emissions and contributing to carbon reduction targets. Full article

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11 pages, 2161 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Study on the Mechanisms of Coal Fly Ash to Improve the CO₂ Capture Efficiency of Calcium-Based Adsorbents

by Ziyu Zhao, Kefan Zhang, Jianfeng Luo, Meixuan Wu, Xiyue Wang, Keke Wang and Shengyu Liu

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8139; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188139 - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

Utilizing calcium-based adsorbents for CO₂ adsorption through cyclic calcination/carbonization is one of the most cost-effective methods for carbon emission reduction. In order to improve the cycle stability of the adsorbents and the capture efficiency of CO₂, this study used industrial [...] Read more.

Utilizing calcium-based adsorbents for CO₂ adsorption through cyclic calcination/carbonization is one of the most cost-effective methods for carbon emission reduction. In order to improve the cycle stability of the adsorbents and the capture efficiency of CO₂, this study used industrial solid waste coal fly ash for the hydration treatment of calcium-based adsorbent to explore the variations in the cyclic adsorption performance of the adsorbent under different doping ratios and hydration conditions. By means of various characterization techniques, the microscopic mechanism for improving the performance of the modified adsorbent was analyzed from the perspectives of chemical composition, physical structure, and surface functional groups of the adsorbents. The results demonstrated that the modification of coal fly ash could significantly enhance the carbonation performance and cycle stability of the adsorbent in multiple CO₂ capture processes. The modified material doped with 5% coal fly ash had the highest total CO₂ adsorption capacity, which increased by 13.7% compared to before modification. Additionally, the modified material doped with 10% coal fly ash exhibited the strongest cyclic adsorption capacity, which was 14.0% higher than that before modification, and the adsorption attenuation rate decreased by 32.2%. The characterization results showed that the reaction between calcium oxide and coal fly ash formed CaSiO₃ and Ca₁₂Al₁₄O₃₃ during the modification process, which was the primary reason for the improvement in the CO₂ capture performance of the modified materials. This study provided a new perspective on the resource utilization of solid waste fly ash and efficient CO₂ capture. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Biomass Use and its Health and Environmental Effects)

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27 pages, 4836 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

The Use of Energy Simulations in Residential Design: A Systematic Literature Review

by Mert Sercan Sağdıçoğlu, M. Serhat Yenice and M. Zübeyr Tel

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8138; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188138 - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

The Industrial Revolution and technological advancements have led to the densification and expansion of cities. In urban environments, residential buildings are common, and optimizing energy use in these structures is achieved by focusing on key parameters during the early design phases. These parameters [...] Read more.

The Industrial Revolution and technological advancements have led to the densification and expansion of cities. In urban environments, residential buildings are common, and optimizing energy use in these structures is achieved by focusing on key parameters during the early design phases. These parameters can be tested through simulations. This study aims to define the scope of energy simulations in residential design to contribute to design optimization and reduce energy consumption. A systematic literature review and qualitative analysis were employed, using the PRISMA protocol for data collection and Vosviewer and Bibliometrix tools for bibliometric analysis. The keywords obtained were subjected to qualitative analysis. The research revealed the absence of a standardized approach in simulation studies. To address this, a nine-step framework has been proposed. A discrepancy between the objectives of certain studies and the keywords used was identified. Themes were created based on the studies’ objectives, and keywords were recommended accordingly. Several studies have determined the energy potential of buildings during the occupancy phase. Simulations should be integrated into the early design phase to facilitate pre-design optimization. A framework for residential simulation methodology was developed, believed to enhance the validity of studies and facilitate result comparisons. Minimizing energy consumption is a primary objective in residential buildings. The recommendations developed align with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Sustainability, Challenges and Opportunities to Optimize Building Performance)

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26 pages, 2192 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of Environmental Social Responsibility on Total Factor Productivity: Evidence from Listed Companies in China

by Yuanyu Cao and Tao Xu

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8137; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188137 - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

In recent years, China’s environmental policies have continued to promote sustainable development, and listed companies have increased their environmental investment and strengthened their environmental social responsibility. Although there has been much research on the relationship between environmental performance and total factor productivity of [...] Read more.

In recent years, China’s environmental policies have continued to promote sustainable development, and listed companies have increased their environmental investment and strengthened their environmental social responsibility. Although there has been much research on the relationship between environmental performance and total factor productivity of listed companies, the impact of environmental social responsibility on total factor productivity has not yet been fully examined. In this paper, we use panel data regression to investigate the linear and non-linear relationships between environmental social responsibility and total factor productivity. These relationships are tested for robustness, analyzed for between-group differences, and validated by a machine learning model. Firstly, we find that environmental social responsibility can significantly contribute to companies’ total factor productivity within a certain range, but it varies across different categories of firms. Secondly, there is an inverted U-shape relationship between environmental social responsibility and total factor productivity, where total factor productivity initially increases with environmental social responsibility but decreases after reaching a certain threshold. Finally, we conclude that environmental social responsibility promotes total factor productivity in the early stages, but when environmental social responsibility reaches a certain threshold, it begins to exert an inhibitory effect on the development of total factor productivity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Collection Business Performance and Socio-environmental Sustainability)

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23 pages, 1939 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Entrepreneurial Leadership and Green Innovative Work Behavior: The Role of Green Soft and Hard Talent Management with a Dual Theoretical Lens

by Li Yan, Zeeshan Ahmed, Mishal Khosa, Abdulaziz Fahmi Omar Faqera, Afeez Kayode Ibikunle and Ayesha Rashid Khan

Sustainability 2024, 16(18), 8136; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188136 - 18 Sep 2024

Abstract

The implementation of green initiatives by hospitality employees can significantly enhance the environmental sustainability of hospitality firms. However, there is a lack of research exploring the mechanisms influencing hospitality employees’ green innovative work behavior (GIWB). Through the mediation paths of green soft talent [...] Read more.

The implementation of green initiatives by hospitality employees can significantly enhance the environmental sustainability of hospitality firms. However, there is a lack of research exploring the mechanisms influencing hospitality employees’ green innovative work behavior (GIWB). Through the mediation paths of green soft talent management (GSTM) and green hard talent management (GHTM), this study seeks to investigate how entrepreneurial leadership promotes GIWB. The data from 366 employees and managers in Pakistan’s hospitality industry were collected through a survey method using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that the effects of entrepreneurial leadership on GIWB, the direct effects of GSTM and GHTM, and the interaction effects between entrepreneurial leadership and GIWB are substantial. Based on the upper echelons theory and the resource-based view concept, this study extends research on the leadership–GIWB macro nexus and increases our understanding of the mechanisms behind employee GIWB, particularly in the hospitality setting. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Transformation and Sustainable Business Management in Tourism)

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