Sustainability

23 pages, 2858 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Towards an Explicit Understanding of Network Governance in Urban Forestry Management: A Case Study of Portland (OR), USA

by Quadri Olatunbosun Taiwo and Vivek Shandas

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4028; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094028 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

As the climate continues to warm, and municipal leaders look for cost-effective and timely approaches to urban sustainability, one increasingly sought-out approach is the use of tree canopy to cool neighborhoods. Despite widespread efforts to expand tree canopy in cities, an overwhelming body [...] Read more.

As the climate continues to warm, and municipal leaders look for cost-effective and timely approaches to urban sustainability, one increasingly sought-out approach is the use of tree canopy to cool neighborhoods. Despite widespread efforts to expand tree canopy in cities, an overwhelming body of evidence suggests that urban green space is declining across the U.S., yet little is known about the factors that propel these changes. Understanding the institutional and governance systems can help identify the opportunities for slow consistent declines. Using social network analysis (SNA) metrics, we examined stakeholder roles in power structures and decision-making processes within Portland, Oregon’s urban forest management. Our results reveal a highly decentralized urban forestry network (density = 0.0079), with weak cohesion (5.4%) among 162 stakeholders. Moving forward, while network governance may face obstacles from conflicting interests among community and interagency groups, transforming governance models at all levels will require developing periodic, collaborative urban forestry management plans to address nature-based planning challenges. These planning documents should strongly emphasize not only the prioritization of tree equity-related ordinances but also the optimization of eco-literacy and awareness through virtual reality (VR) technology. As a novel approach, immersive simulations demonstrate practical potential for showcasing urban forestry benefits in network governance outreach and consensus-building. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Landscapes, Forestry and Green Infrastructure: From a Sustainable Perspective)

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25 pages, 900 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optimising Construction Efficiency: A Comprehensive Survey-Based Approach to Waste Identification and Recommendations with BIM and Lean Construction

by Ewelina Mitera-Kiełbasa and Krzysztof Zima

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4027; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094027 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

The construction industry continues to face significant challenges related to waste on construction sites, significantly impacting cost, timelines, and the quality of project outcomes. This study aims to identify contemporary sources of construction waste, assess their variability over time using data from 2016, [...] Read more.

The construction industry continues to face significant challenges related to waste on construction sites, significantly impacting cost, timelines, and the quality of project outcomes. This study aims to identify contemporary sources of construction waste, assess their variability over time using data from 2016, 2021, and 2024, and evaluate strategies for their reduction. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining a literature review with a survey among Polish construction contractors. A total of 34 waste factors were assessed in terms of frequency and significance. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is recommended—based on both survey results and studies in the literature—as an effective strategy to optimise construction efficiency by reducing waste and supporting sustainability objectives. The analysis also shows increasing awareness and application of Lean Principles and BIM among contractors. By 2024, BIM use increased from 8% in 2016 to 63%, indicating broader recognition, although this recognition was still insufficient given the severity of reported waste. The findings revealed design errors as the most critical source of waste, alongside execution delays, quality defects, damages to completed works, and excessive workloads. Respondents also identified additional factors, including erroneous bid assumptions, unclear investor expectations, unrealistic deadlines, equipment failures, and overdesign. These underscore the need for strategic, technology-driven waste mitigation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Construction and Demolition Waste Management for a Sustainable Future)

28 pages, 1382 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sustainability of Urban Green Spaces: A Multidimensional Analysis

by Veljko Dmitrović, Svetlana Ignjatijević, Jelena Vapa Tankosić, Radivoj Prodanović, Nemanja Lekić, Aleksandra Pavlović, Miroslav Čavlin, Jovana Gardašević and Julijana Lekić

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4026; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094026 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

Urban green spaces (UGS) play a crucial role in enhancing the quality of life in urban environments by offering a wide range of ecological, psychological, socio–cultural, and economic benefits. This research addresses the multidimensional impact of functional characteristics of UGS on user satisfaction [...] Read more.

Urban green spaces (UGS) play a crucial role in enhancing the quality of life in urban environments by offering a wide range of ecological, psychological, socio–cultural, and economic benefits. This research addresses the multidimensional impact of functional characteristics of UGS on user satisfaction in Novi Sad, focusing on the various ways in which these spaces contribute to well-being. By integrating multiple perspectives, including ecological benefits like stress reduction, social and cultural aspects such as fostering community connections, and economic factors like enhancing property values, this study presents a holistic analysis of UGS. Through a mixed-methods approach, combining surveys and regression analysis, the research explores how different UGS functions interact to shape users’ perceptions. The findings highlight the importance of socio–cultural and ecological functions in improving the urban experience, providing key insights for urban planning that aims to create sustainable, inclusive, and resilient green spaces. This study emphasises the significance of considering these diverse dimensions in the development and management of urban green spaces for long-term sustainability and user satisfaction. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Landscapes, Forestry and Green Infrastructure: From a Sustainable Perspective)

25 pages, 3464 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Immersive Virtual Training Environment to Improve Building Users’ Awareness of Energy-Related Behaviour: Development and Pilot Testing

by Arianna Latini, Elisa Di Giuseppe, Ludovica Marcelli and Marco D’Orazio

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4025; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094025 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

Virtual Reality is transforming the engineering and construction sectors by enabling pre-design evaluations and training to foster informed energy decision-making. Immersive Virtual Environments (IVEs) can boost user engagement by integrating real-time information and feedback in the virtual space. This research aims to assess [...] Read more.

Virtual Reality is transforming the engineering and construction sectors by enabling pre-design evaluations and training to foster informed energy decision-making. Immersive Virtual Environments (IVEs) can boost user engagement by integrating real-time information and feedback in the virtual space. This research aims to assess whether immersive training can increase users’ awareness of the consequences of their energy-related behaviours and improve energy efficiency and thermal condition. Thus, an immersive training activity was developed by integrating an IVE with the results of a real residential Building Energy Model. Fifty-two participants interacted with building systems (e.g., air conditioning, windows, and blinds) to improve thermal comfort under summer conditions. Graphical indicators and tips were updated in real time, showing the behavioural consequences of indoor air temperature and energy consumption. The findings confirmed the ecological validity of the immersive training activity. Over 90% of the participants displayed excellent knowledge acquisition, through effective and simple recommendations, which positively correlated with the number of attempts (τ > 0), highlighting the potential of increasing users’ awareness from the pre-design stages. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrating Virtual Reality and Sustainable Architecture for Building Occupants-Centric Design)

21 pages, 547 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of Increases in Housing Prices on Income Inequality: A Perspective on Sustainable Urban Development

by Gökhan Ünalan, Özge Çamalan and Hakkı Hakan Yılmaz

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4024; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094024 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

This study examines the impact of housing price increases on income inequality using the dynamic system GMM for OECD countries (2010–2021). We test the hypothesis that housing price appreciation affects income distribution differently based on economic development levels and homeownership patterns. The analysis [...] Read more.

This study examines the impact of housing price increases on income inequality using the dynamic system GMM for OECD countries (2010–2021). We test the hypothesis that housing price appreciation affects income distribution differently based on economic development levels and homeownership patterns. The analysis is conducted both for the entire sample and by dividing countries into two groups based on per capita income, Group 1 (16 countries) with below-median per capita GDP and Group 2 (17 countries) with above-median per capita GDP, to account to account for structural differences in housing markets, financial systems, and wealth accumulation mechanisms. The findings show that rising housing prices help reduce income inequality, especially in countries that are relatively low-income and where more low-income households own their homes. Specifically, our estimates indicate that a one-point increase in the housing price index leads to a statistically significant (p < 0.05) 0.21 percentage point reduction in the Gini change rate in lower-income countries. However, in higher-income countries, the effect of housing prices on inequality is statistically insignificant, suggesting that the relationship between housing markets and income inequality varies across different economic contexts. This insignificance likely stems from countervailing forces: while housing appreciation increases wealth for homeowners, higher housing costs may disproportionately burden lower-income households through rental markets in these economies. The findings highlight the importance of country-specific housing programs that consider homeownership patterns and financial market access in tackling inequality, along with comprehensive public social policies. Our study has implications for policymakers seeking to address inequality through housing market interventions, particularly during the post-2008 recovery period and into the early pandemic phase. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Diversity Competence and Social Inequalities)

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20 pages, 1893 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Distributional Drivers of Carbon Emissions in Türkiye

by Zeynep Gizem Can

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4023; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094023 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

This paper investigates the distributional drivers of carbon emissions in Türkiye, focusing on how household income and consumption patterns influence carbon footprints. Utilizing the microsimulation model, we integrate detailed expenditure data from Türkiye’s 2019 Household Budget Survey with the 2016 Input-Output table from [...] Read more.

This paper investigates the distributional drivers of carbon emissions in Türkiye, focusing on how household income and consumption patterns influence carbon footprints. Utilizing the microsimulation model, we integrate detailed expenditure data from Türkiye’s 2019 Household Budget Survey with the 2016 Input-Output table from the World Input-Output Database. This approach enables the simulation of both direct and indirect CO₂ emissions, providing a comprehensive analysis of the environmental impact of household consumption across different income groups. Our findings reveal significant disparities in carbon emissions, highlighting the complex interplay between income levels, consumption behaviors, and environmental outcomes. This research underscores the importance of considering distributional effects in the design of carbon pricing policies to ensure equity and effectiveness in emission reduction strategies. This study focuses on understanding household distributional drivers of carbon emissions. Full article

29 pages, 1050 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Variable Neighborhood Search Algorithm for the Integrated Berth Allocation and Quay Crane Assignment Problem

by Xiafei Xie, Bin Ji and Samson S. Yu

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4022; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094022 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

To improve the utilization of port resources and reduce the consumption of resources due to vessel waiting and delays, this paper investigates the Berth Allocation and Quay Crane Assignment Problem (BACAP) in container ports, focusing on the Quay Crane (QC) profile. The objective [...] Read more.

To improve the utilization of port resources and reduce the consumption of resources due to vessel waiting and delays, this paper investigates the Berth Allocation and Quay Crane Assignment Problem (BACAP) in container ports, focusing on the Quay Crane (QC) profile. The objective is to assign berths, berthing times, and QC profiles to vessels arriving at the port within a given planning horizon, thereby extending the traditional BACAP framework. To minimize the sum of idle time costs caused by vessel waiting and delay time costs due to late vessel departures, a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model is proposed. Additionally, a variable neighborhood search (VNS) algorithm is designed to solve the model, tailored to the specific characteristics of the problem. The proposed MILP model and VNS algorithm are evaluated using two sets of BACAP instances. The numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of both the model and the algorithm, showing that VNS efficiently and reliably solves instances of various sizes. Furthermore, each neighborhood structure contributes uniquely to the iterative process. This study also analyzes the impact of different idle and delay costs on BACAP, providing valuable managerial insights. The proposed framework contributes to enhancing operational efficiency and supports sustainable port management. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Transport Based on Sustainable Transport Development)

24 pages, 507 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Research on the Influencing Factors and Configuration Paths of Employees’ Behavioral Support for Digital Transformation

by Hui Li and Xingyu Jiang

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4021; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094021 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

Digital transformation is a crucial strategic decision for achieving sustainable development. It emphasizes disruptive upgrades in production, operations, and management thinking, thereby infusing vitality into long-term corporate sustainability. While extensive research has explored digital transformation drivers, the role of employees is often overlooked. [...] Read more.

Digital transformation is a crucial strategic decision for achieving sustainable development. It emphasizes disruptive upgrades in production, operations, and management thinking, thereby infusing vitality into long-term corporate sustainability. While extensive research has explored digital transformation drivers, the role of employees is often overlooked. To address how to activate employees’ behavioral support for digital transformation, this study first identified antecedent conditions of employees’ behavioral support for digital transformation through content analysis within the AMO framework. Subsequently, by combining NCA and fsQCA methods, the study explored the impact of coupling antecedent conditions on behavioral support for digital transformation. The findings are as follows. First, a single factor does not constitute a necessary condition for high behavioral support for digital transformation. Second, there are four configurations that cause high behavioral support for digital transformation: “motivation-driven and leadership-supported”, “experience-led and motivation-driven”, “efficacy-dominated and opportunity-empowered”, and “individually-driven and opportunity-enabled”. Third, learning goal orientation and perceived usefulness are important for activating high behavioral support for digital transformation. This study can provide insights to inspire employees’ support for digital transformation, facilitating corporate digital transformation and further achieving sustainability. Full article

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22 pages, 311 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Role of Governance Audit Mechanisms on Environmental Sustainability and Emissions in Saudi Arabia Under ESG Regulations

by Abdulwahid Ahmed Hashed, Faozi A. Almaqtari, Ahmed Elmashtawy and Nahla Abdulrahman Mohammed Raweh

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4020; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094020 - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of corporate governance factors and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) regulations on environmental performance and emissions in Saudi Arabian companies to explore whether these companies are in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Using a pooled panel [...] Read more.

This study investigates the impact of corporate governance factors and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) regulations on environmental performance and emissions in Saudi Arabian companies to explore whether these companies are in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Using a pooled panel data approach for 51 Saudi-listed firms over the period from 2016 to 2023, the study examines the role of various governance mechanisms, such as audit committees, internal audits, audit quality, and leverage, in influencing companies’ environmental outcomes. The results indicate that ESG regulations have a promotive and statistically significant impact on reducing environmental emissions and improving environmental performance, particularly when supported by robust governance audit mechanisms. The results show that audit committee expertise, internal auditing, and audit tenure after ESG regulations exhibit a positive and significant effect on reducing environmental emissions and improving environmental performance. The findings have important policy, managerial, and theoretical implications, emphasizing the role of government regulations in shaping corporate sustainability practices, the need for improved corporate governance, and the theoretical link between governance and environmental performance. The study bridges an existing gap in the context of the impact of ESG regulations in emerging economies. The study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on ESG practices in emerging markets, particularly in the context of Saudi Arabia’s regulatory landscape. Full article

17 pages, 1258 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Public Perception and Awareness of Sustainable Aviation Fuel in South Central United States

by Brooke E. Rogachuk, Sadie M. Prigmore, Chukwuma C. Ogbaga and Jude A. Okolie

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4019; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094019 - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

The aviation sector is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, and with the increasing demand for air travel these emissions are projected to continue rising in the coming years. Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) could greatly help reduce these emissions and make the [...] Read more.

The aviation sector is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, and with the increasing demand for air travel these emissions are projected to continue rising in the coming years. Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) could greatly help reduce these emissions and make the aviation industry more eco-friendly. SAF is a renewable, low-carbon alternative to conventional jet fuel produced from sustainable resources. A key step to bringing the fuel into regular use is studying how people view it. Understanding what the public think and feel about biofuels, including aviation fuel, is very important. This is because public opinion can shape consumer interest, demand for products, and the willingness of governments to back green energy policies and invest in clean technologies. The study systematically evaluates the public opinion, perception and awareness of SAF in the South Central United States and its utilization to decarbonize the aviation industry. This is performed through a series of multiple-choice survey questions and interviews. The study results show that while there is some recognition of the environmental impact of aviation and the potential role of biofuels in reducing this impact, there is still a need for greater public education and awareness regarding alternative fuels and their benefits for sustainable aviation. The findings of the study underscore a pivotal challenge in addressing aviation-related carbon emissions: the gap in public knowledge about potential solutions like biofuels and SAF. This gap not only reflects a lack of awareness but also hints at the possible skepticism or uncertainty among the public regarding the effectiveness and viability of these alternatives. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances and Progress on Renewable and Sustainable Alternative Fuels)

18 pages, 5060 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Response Pattern of Rainfall to the Efficiency and Threshold of Soil Water Recharge in Different Slopes

by Xinlong Zhou, Fengwan Xia, Henglin Xiao, Qiang Ma, Lifei Zheng, Yunfeng Shi and Zifeng Lin

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4018; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094018 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

Rational and effective utilization of rainfall is crucial to vegetation restoration and ecological reconstruction for engineering slopes. However, plant and vegetated concrete considerably affect soil water distribution and rainfall replenishment, which is rarely accounted for in current studies. To this end, the effects [...] Read more.

Rational and effective utilization of rainfall is crucial to vegetation restoration and ecological reconstruction for engineering slopes. However, plant and vegetated concrete considerably affect soil water distribution and rainfall replenishment, which is rarely accounted for in current studies. To this end, the effects of plant and vegetated concrete on spatiotemporal distribution and soil water recharge were explored. First, four field model slopes were constructed to monitor soil water content. The spatiotemporal variations and distribution characteristics of soil water under different restoration modes were analyzed. The indicators including amount, efficiency, and threshold of soil water recharge in ecological slopes were assessed. At last, the effects of plant and vegetated concrete on the spatiotemporal distribution and recharge characteristics of soil water were discussed. Results showed that ecological restoration alters spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and reduces soil water content of engineering slopes. During rainfall process, ecological restoration extends the lag time but increases amount and efficiency of rainfall replenishment. Comparably, ecological shrub slope gains the highest lag time and rainfall threshold. Cynodon dactylon is superior to Magnolia multiflora in raising rainfall replenishment capacity. Additionally, vegetated concrete enhances rainfall replenishment efficiency by altering soil properties and interacting with plants. This study deepened the understanding of hydrological effects of ecological restoration on slopes and provided a theoretical basis for ensuring sustainable slope management. Full article

26 pages, 8770 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Multi-Scenario Simulation and Assessment of Ecological Security Patterns: A Case Study of Poyang Lake Eco-Economic Zone

by Yuke Song, Mangen Li, Linghua Duo, Niannan Chen, Jinping Lu and Wanzhen Yang

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4017; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094017 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

Ecological security is integral to national security strategies, making the construction of ecological security patterns essential for mitigating ecological risks. However, predictive research on ecological security patterns (ESPs) remains limited. This study integrates the Patch-generating Land Use Simulation (PLUS) model with ecological security [...] Read more.

Ecological security is integral to national security strategies, making the construction of ecological security patterns essential for mitigating ecological risks. However, predictive research on ecological security patterns (ESPs) remains limited. This study integrates the Patch-generating Land Use Simulation (PLUS) model with ecological security pattern analysis to provide scientific insights into spatial governance and optimization in the Poyang Lake Ecological and Economic Zone (PLEEZ). First, the PLUS model simulated land use changes in 2030 under three scenarios: natural development (ND), economic development (ED), and ecological protection (EP). Based on these projections, ecological security patterns were constructed using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model, the Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) method, Conefor 2.6, the Minimum Cumulative Resistance (MCR) model, and resistance theory. The results indicate: (1) 19, 18, and 21 ecological source areas were identified under different scenarios, covering 6093.16 km², 5973.21 km², and 6702.56 km², respectively, with 9, 8, and 10 important source sites, primarily in the north. (2) 37, 35, and 43 ecological corridors were delineated, exhibiting a spiderweb-like distribution. (3) 94, 62, and 107 ecological pinch points and 116, 121, and 104 ecological barrier points were detected. The Ecological Node Aggregation Area was identified as a critical zone for targeted ecological protection and restoration. Finally, the ecological zoning management strategy of “Four Cores, Two Zones, and One Belt” was proposed. This study offers valuable insights for sustainable land use planning and ecological risk mitigation. Full article

15 pages, 5615 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Mitigation Measures for Wind Erosion and Sand Deposition in Desert Railways: A Geospatial Analysis of Sand Accumulation Risk

by Mahamat Nour Issa Abdallah, Tan Qulin, Mohamed Ramadan and Providence Habumuremyi

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4016; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094016 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

Railway transportation is a critical component of global infrastructure which plays a significant role in ensuring the safe movement of goods and people. In desert environments, the effectiveness of railway transportation heavily relies on addressing key challenges such as shifting sand, migrating dunes, [...] Read more.

Railway transportation is a critical component of global infrastructure which plays a significant role in ensuring the safe movement of goods and people. In desert environments, the effectiveness of railway transportation heavily relies on addressing key challenges such as shifting sand, migrating dunes, wind erosion, and sand deposition, which can disrupt operations and increase maintenance costs. To mitigate the significant threats posed by windblown sand to railway safety along the Lanzhou-Xinjiang High-Speed Railway, the technique of double rows of sand fences constructed from concrete columns and plates has been applied to the windward side of the railway. These structures are designed to reduce wind speed and capture moving sand, protecting the rail infrastructure. These fences reduce wind velocity on their leeward sides by 78% and 87% for the first and second rows, respectively. Additionally, due to the large openings in the fences, the sand-trapping efficiencies are 72% for the first row and 63% for the second. The effective shelter distance of the fence is ten times its height. However, advanced technologies like geographic information systems (GIS), geothermal energy solutions, and sustainable infrastructure practices are increasingly integrated into railway transportation to mitigate these risks and enhance safety and reliability. For the Etihad Railway, GIS techniques were utilized to identify areas vulnerable to sand accumulation and validate the substantial benefits of sand fences. Notably, a 40% reduction in wind speed and a significant 74% decrease in sand flux were observed post-installation, underscoring the effectiveness of these structures in disrupting sand mobility. Specifically, wind speed after fence installation was reduced by 40%. The threshold velocity for sand transport was approximately 0.206 m/s. The sand flux before fence installation was 19.95 kg/m²/s, reduced to 5.175 kg/m²/s after fence installation, marking a 74% reduction. The sand deposition behind the sand fence over a 500 m section was around 7387.5 kg/s. This demonstrates the significant role that sand fences play in reducing wind-driven sand transport, thus protecting the Etihad Railway from sand accumulation, and maintaining operational safety. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Intelligent Construction, Operation and Maintenance, 2nd Edition)

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25 pages, 697 KiB

Open AccessReview

I Don’t Buy It! A Critical Review of the Research on Factors Influencing Sustainable Fashion Buying Behavior

by Natalie Hogh, Joshua Braun, Lara Watermann and Simone Kubowitsch

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4015; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094015 - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

Research on the factors influencing sustainable fashion consumption, particularly green apparel buying behavior (GABB), has grown significantly in the last decade. Understanding how to promote GABB while reducing fast-fashion consumption is of critical importance to researchers, marketers, and policymakers. However, deriving actionable insights [...] Read more.

Research on the factors influencing sustainable fashion consumption, particularly green apparel buying behavior (GABB), has grown significantly in the last decade. Understanding how to promote GABB while reducing fast-fashion consumption is of critical importance to researchers, marketers, and policymakers. However, deriving actionable insights requires robust methodologies. Therefore, the goal of this systematic narrative review was to analyze existing literature on GABB, to identify key drivers, and to critically examine the methodological approaches, applied theoretical backgrounds, and utilized geographical scope. Following a structured multi-stage review process—including a database search, screening, and synthesis—n = 15 empirical studies focusing on GABB were included. The identified drivers are categorized into five factors: sociodemographic, personal, behavioral, social influences, and product attributes. Additionally, the review identified methodological shortcomings, including a predominant reliance on self-reported data, a lack of experimental designs and longitudinal studies, and a limited sampling scope across studies. Addressing these limitations in future research is essential to develop practical interventions that encourage sustainable fashion consumption and guide effective marketing and policy strategies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Consumer Behavior and Sustainable Consumption: Opportunities and Challenges)

20 pages, 561 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Estimation of Lithium-Ion Battery State of Health-Based Multi-Feature Analysis and Convolutional Neural Network–Long Short-Term Memory

by Xin Ma, Xingke Ding, Chongyi Tian, Changbin Tian and Rui Zhu

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4014; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094014 - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

Accurate estimation of battery state of health (SOH) is critical to the efficient operation of energy storage battery systems. Furthermore, precise SOH estimation methods can significantly reduce resource waste by extending the battery service life and optimizing retirement strategies, which is compatible with [...] Read more.

Accurate estimation of battery state of health (SOH) is critical to the efficient operation of energy storage battery systems. Furthermore, precise SOH estimation methods can significantly reduce resource waste by extending the battery service life and optimizing retirement strategies, which is compatible with the sustainable development of energy systems under carbon neutrality goals. Conventional methods struggle to comprehensively characterize the health degradation properties of batteries. To address that limitation, this study proposes a data-driven model based on multi-feature analysis using a hybrid convolutional neural network and long short-term memory (CNN-LSTM) architecture, which synergistically extracts multi-dimensional degradation features to enhance SOH estimation accuracy. The framework begins by systematically collecting the voltage, current, and other parameters during charge–discharge cycles to construct a temporally resolved multi-dimensional feature matrix. A correlation analysis employing Pearson correlation coefficients subsequently identifies key health indicators strongly correlated with SOH degradation. At the same time, the K-means clustering method was adopted to identify and process the outliers of CALCE data, which ensures the high quality of data and the stability of the model. Then, CNN-LSTM hybrid neural network architecture was constructed. The experimental results demonstrated that the absolute value of MBE for the dataset provided by CALCE was less than 0.2%. The MAE was less than 0.3%, and the RMSE was less than 0.4%. Furthermore, the proposed method demonstrated a strong performance on the dataset provided by NASA PCoE. The experimental results indicated that the proposed method significantly reduced the estimation error of SOH across the entire battery lifecycle, and they fully verified the superiority and engineering applicability of the algorithm in battery SOH estimation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Battery Energy Storage Management: Enhancing Performance, Safety, and Sustainability)

24 pages, 4093 KiB

Open AccessArticle

An Empirical Evaluation of Communication Technologies and Quality of Delivery Measurement in Networked MicroGrids

by Yasin Emir Kutlu and Ruairí de Fréin

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4013; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094013 - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

Networked microgrids (NMG) are gaining popularity as an example of smart grids (SG), where power networks are integrated with communication technologies. Communication technologies enable NMGs to be monitored and controlled via communication networks. However, ensuring that communication networks in NMGs satisfy quality of [...] Read more.

Networked microgrids (NMG) are gaining popularity as an example of smart grids (SG), where power networks are integrated with communication technologies. Communication technologies enable NMGs to be monitored and controlled via communication networks. However, ensuring that communication networks in NMGs satisfy quality of delivery (QoD) metrics such as the round trip time (RTT) of NMG control data is necessary. This paper addresses the communication network types and communication technologies used in NMGs. We present various NMG deployments to demonstrate real-life applicability in different contexts. We develop a real-time NMG testbed using real hardware, such as Cisco 4331 Integrated Services Routers (ISR). We evaluate QoD in NMG control data by measuring RTT under varying relative network congestion levels. The results reveal that high-variance background traffic leads to greater RTTs, surpassing the industrial communication response time requirement specified by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) by over 25 times. Full article

18 pages, 1759 KiB

Open AccessArticle

DHDRDS: A Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Ride-Hailing Dispatch System for Integrated Passenger–Parcel Transport

by Huanwen Ge, Xiangwang Hu and Ming Cheng

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4012; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094012 - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

Urban transportation demands are growing rapidly. Concurrently, the sharing economy continues to expand. These dual trends establish ride-hailing dispatch as a critical research focus for building sustainable smart transportation systems. Current ride-hailing systems only serve passengers. However, they ignore an important opportunity: transporting [...] Read more.

Urban transportation demands are growing rapidly. Concurrently, the sharing economy continues to expand. These dual trends establish ride-hailing dispatch as a critical research focus for building sustainable smart transportation systems. Current ride-hailing systems only serve passengers. However, they ignore an important opportunity: transporting packages. This limitation causes two issues: (1) wasted vehicle capacity in cities, and (2) extra carbon emissions from cars waiting idle. Our solution combines passenger rides with package delivery in real time. This dual-mode strategy achieves four benefits: (1) better matching of supply and demand, (2) 38% less empty driving, (3) higher vehicle usage rates, and (4) increased earnings for drivers in changing conditions. We built a Dynamic Heterogeneous Demand-aware Ride-hailing Dispatch System (DHDRDS) using deep reinforcement learning. It works by (a) managing both passenger and package requests on one platform and (b) allocating vehicles efficiently to reduce the environmental impact. An empirical validation confirms the developed framework’s superiority over conventional approaches across three critical dimensions: service efficiency, carbon footprint reduction, and driver profits. Specifically, DHDRDS achieves at least a 5.1% increase in driver profits and an 11.2% reduction in vehicle idle time compared to the baselines, while ensuring that the majority of customer waiting times are within the system threshold of 8 min. By minimizing redundant vehicle trips and optimizing fleet utilization, this research provides a novel solution for advancing sustainable urban mobility systems aligned with global carbon neutrality goals. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies for Energy Saving in Sustainable Transportation Engineering)

24 pages, 836 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Factors Causing Waste in Construction of Mega-Projects: Case Studies from Saudi Arabia

by Saud Alotaibi, Pedro Martinez-Vazquez and Charalampos Baniotopoulos

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4011; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094011 - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

The construction industry continues to generate vast volumes of waste, which harm the environment and negatively impact socio-economic sustainability, especially in a developing country like Saudi Arabia. Prior to investigating effective approaches for managing waste, we must identify the main drivers of construction [...] Read more.

The construction industry continues to generate vast volumes of waste, which harm the environment and negatively impact socio-economic sustainability, especially in a developing country like Saudi Arabia. Prior to investigating effective approaches for managing waste, we must identify the main drivers of construction waste. This paper develops metrics and criteria for identifying and ranking the waste cause factors (WCFs) in the construction of mega-projects in Saudi Arabia. The methodology adopted includes a thorough literature review and a survey ranking waste factors based on a five-point Likert-scale. Data collected from 239 participants across three distinct construction mega-projects were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with its corresponding post hoc tests, and the identified waste factors were ranked according to their relative importance index (RII). The findings of this study indicate that the main sources of waste in Saudi Arabia involve design changes and complexity, poor project coordination, inefficient waste management systems, lack of supervision, drawing errors, low skill levels among workers and designers, and procurement mistakes. The results and discussions derived from the investigation aim to deepen the understanding of the causes of waste in large-scale construction, which could inform researchers, policymakers, and professionals, whose joint contributions should enable effective waste management strategies in large construction projects. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Waste and Recycling)

21 pages, 5924 KiB

Open AccessReview

Integrating Strategies Aimed at Biodiversity and Water Resource Sustainability in the Amazonian Region

by Samuel Carvalho De Benedicto, Regina Márcia Longo, Denise Helena Lombardo Ferreira, Cibele Roberta Sugahara, Admilson Írio Ribeiro, Juan Arturo Castañeda-Ayarza and Luiz Henrique Vieira da Silva

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 4010; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094010 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025

Abstract

The Amazonian region comprises a set of ecosystems that play an essential role in stabilizing global climate and regulating carbon and water cycles. However, several environmental issues of anthropogenic origin threaten climate stability in this region: agribusiness, illegal mining, illegal timber exports, pesticide [...] Read more.

The Amazonian region comprises a set of ecosystems that play an essential role in stabilizing global climate and regulating carbon and water cycles. However, several environmental issues of anthropogenic origin threaten climate stability in this region: agribusiness, illegal mining, illegal timber exports, pesticide use, and biopiracy, among others. These actions lead to deforestation, soil erosion, fauna biodiversity loss, water resource contamination, land conflicts, violence against indigenous peoples, and epidemics. The present study aims to feature the current degradation process faced by the Amazonian biome and identify strategic alternatives based on science to inhibit and minimize the degradation of its biodiversity and water resources. This applied research, based on a systematic review, highlighted the complexity, fragility, and importance of the functioning of the Amazonian ecosystem. Although activities such as mining and agriculture notoriously cause soil degradation, this research focused on the scenarios of biodiversity and water resource degradation. The dynamics of the current Amazon degradation process associated with human activity and climate change advancement were also described. Ultimately, the study emphasizes that, given the invaluable importance of the Amazon’s biodiversity and natural resources for global climate balance and food and water security, anthropogenic threats endanger its sustainability. Beyond the well-known human-induced impacts on the forest and life, the findings highlight the need for strategies that integrate forest conservation, sustainable land management, and public policies focused on the region’s sustainable development. These strategies, supported by partnerships, include reducing deforestation and burning, promoting environmental education, engaging local communities, enforcing public policies, and conducting continuous monitoring using satellite remote sensing technology. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainability, Biodiversity and Conservation)

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