Molecules

This study aimed to produce the hydrolysates of Xuanwei ham bone using enzymatic hydrolysis assisted by microwave and ultrasound pretreatment. A back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) model was utilized to predict the optimal conditions, which involved 15 W/g bone for 15 min of ultrasound pretreatment and 5 W/g bone for 30 min of microwave pretreatment, achieving the highest degree of hydrolysis (DH). The model predicted a DH of 27.69, closely aligning with the experimentally measured actual DH of 28.33. DPPH radical scavenging and TBARS demonstrated that hydrolysates prepared by ultrasound combined microwave pretreatment (UMH) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity and significantly inhibited lipid oxidation. GC-MS analysis revealed that the UMH showed removal of bitter volatile flavor compounds, such as o-Cresol and m-Cresol, the retention of aromatic volatile compounds, such as 2-pentylfuran, formation of new aromatic volatile compounds such as 3-methylbutanal, and the reduction in certain aldehyde and ketone compounds. Pearson correlation analysis elucidated that the reduction in aldehyde and ketone compounds was positively linked to the enhanced antioxidant capacity of UMH. The results obtained hold substantial significance for enhancing the added value of Xuanwei ham within the food industry.

^‡ These authors contributed equally to this work [...]

Daedaleanol B is a drimane-derived merosesquiterpenoid isolated from the brown-rot fungus Daedalea incana. Herein, we report its first enantioselective total synthesis from commercially available (+)-sclareolide. A one-pot transformation afforded 11-acetoxy drimane-8α-ol, which was saponificated and selectively esterified with enantiopure L-pyroglutamic acid to give crystalline hydroxy-daedaleanol. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction of this intermediate, together with the known configuration of the chiral starting materials, enabled assignment of the absolute configuration of the daedaleanol B framework. Final elimination provided daedaleanol B, whose NMR data matched those reported for the natural product. Both hydroxy-daedaleanol and daedaleanol B exhibited time- and concentration-dependent antiproliferative effects in HT-29 colorectal cancer cells, with higher activity observed for daedaleanol B.