Article Processing Charges (APC) Information

General Information on MDPI’s Article Processing Charges (APC)

MDPI publishes all its journals in full open access, meaning unlimited use and reuse of articles, in addition to giving credit to the authors. All of our articles are published under a Creative Commons (CC BY) license.

Authors pay a one-time Article Processing Charge (APC) to cover the costs of peer review administration and management, professional production of articles in PDF and other formats, and dissemination of published papers in various venues, in addition to other publishing functions. Please note that the option to process an advance payment remains but does not guarantee acceptance of manuscripts. There are no charges for rejected articles, no submission charges, and no surcharges based on the length of an article, figures or supplementary data. Some items (Editorials, Corrections, Addendums, Retractions, Comments, etc.) are published free of charge.

1. Publishing Operations & Projects

MDPI develops and maintains its own electronic submission and peer-review website. We also run several platforms to offer different types of services for scholars, as detailed in our MDPI Initiatives page.

2. Journal publication

  • Triaging: Filtering of papers upon submission by internal staff and editorial board members.
  • Organization of peer-review: MDPI provides a high degree of assistance to Academic Editors so that they can only focus on editorial decisions. We employ in-house editors to invite reviewers, collect review reports, communicate with authors and reviewers, correspond with authors about revision, and more.
  • Production: Copy-editing, typesetting, XML and PDF conversion, and language editing. The APC includes minor English editing by native English speakers. The APC does not cover extensive English editing.
  • Proofreading: Corresponding with authors to approve the final text and requesting any missing information.
  • Other editorial assistance: Handling any questions and requests for support before submission, during the editorial and peer-review process, or post-publication.
  • Journal management & development: In-house Managing Editors track key performance indicators of each journal, and monitor competing journals and trends in the field. They also provide reports and hold discussions with the Editor-in-Chief and the Editorial Board.
  • Indexing & archiving: MDPI has a dedicated team that works to continuously expand post-publication coverage of all our journals within the main academic databases, scope-specific databases and country-specific journal ranking lists.
  • Digital preservation: All MDPI journals are digitally preserved cover-to-cover, by the Swiss National Library and CLOCKSS, ensuring long-term archival of all of our publications.

3. Editorial Fees

MDPI pays a travel grant or stipend to all Editors-in-Chief. For the societies whose journals MDPI publishes, the company provides a share of the revenue to the society.

4. Marketing and Communication

MDPI allocates part of its income to the promotion of journals and articles through sponsorships of conferences, scholarly society events, and other promotional activities, as well as a series of awards to support researchers.

5. General

  • Management & administration includes costs related to salaries of non-editorial staff and other business costs. They include all the fees paid by MDPI for membership in publishing organizations, such as the STM Association, OASPA, and the Society for Scholarly Publishing (SSP), as well as additional publishing services such as Publons. Most membership fees are based on the level of income or size of the publisher.
  • Taxes.
  • MDPI supports the activities of the MDPI Sustainability Foundation, including coordinating the World Sustainability Forum and World Sustainability Awards.
  • MDPI is a debt-free company and is not repaying loans or investments.

6. Discounts and waivers

MDPI is committed to supporting the transition of all research to fully open access, therefore we regularly offer APC waivers or discounts. On average, we waive approximately 25% - 27% of our content every year. Of the total APCs in a journal, we waive and offer discounts ranging from 15% in our most established journals, up to 100% in our new or humanities journals. In many social sciences and humanities journals we waive between 70% - 100% of APCs (an APC is still displayed on these journal's websites, in order to demonstrate to authors that there is a cost to publication). Even some of our well-established journals waive 30% of publishing costs each year.

Additionally members of societies affiliated to an MDPI journal benefit from a discount, as well as authors affiliated to institutions participating in our Institutional Open Access Program.

For journals in fields with low levels of funding, where authors typically do not have funds available, APCs are typically waived and cross-subsidized from fields for which more APC funding is available. For authors from low- and middle-income countries, waivers or discounts may be granted on a case-by-case basis. Applications submitted before article submission are assessed by the Managing Editor based on the quality of the research article and the authors’ ability to pay.

The APC by journal is given in the table below.

Journal Specific APCs

Journal Name Basic APC (CHF) *
Acoustics
CHF 1600
Acta Microbiologica Hellenica
CHF 1200
Actuators
CHF 2400
Administrative Sciences
CHF 1400
Adolescents
CHF 1000
Advances in Respiratory Medicine
CHF 1300
Aerobiology
CHF 1000
Aerospace
CHF 2400
Agriculture
CHF 2600
AgriEngineering
CHF 1600
Agrochemicals
CHF 1000
Agronomy
CHF 2600
AI
CHF 1600
Air
CHF 1000
Algorithms
CHF 1600
Allergies
CHF 1000
Alloys
CHF 1000
Analytica
CHF 1000
Analytics
CHF 1000
Anatomia
CHF 1000
Anesthesia Research
CHF 1000
Animals
CHF 2400
Antibiotics
CHF 2900
Antibodies
CHF 1800
Antioxidants
CHF 2900
Applied Biosciences
CHF 1000
Applied Mechanics
CHF 1200
Applied Microbiology
CHF 1000
Applied Nano
CHF 1000
Applied Sciences
CHF 2400
Applied System Innovation
CHF 1400
AppliedChem
CHF 1000
AppliedMath
CHF 1000
Aquaculture Journal
CHF 1000
Architecture
CHF 1000
Arthropoda
CHF 1000
Arts
CHF 1400
Astronomy
CHF 1000
Atmosphere
CHF 2400
Atoms
CHF 1500
Audiology Research
CHF 1400
Automation
CHF 1000
Axioms
CHF 2400
Bacteria
CHF 1000
Batteries
CHF 2700
Behavioral Sciences
CHF 2200
Beverages
CHF 1600
Big Data and Cognitive Computing
CHF 1800
BioChem
CHF 1000
Bioengineering
CHF 2700
Biologics
CHF 1000
Biology
CHF 2700
Biology and Life Sciences Forum
see here
Biomass
CHF 1000
Biomechanics
CHF 1000
BioMed
CHF 1000
Biomedicines
CHF 2600
BioMedInformatics
CHF 1000
Biomimetics
CHF 2200
Biomolecules
CHF 2700
Biophysica
CHF 1000
Biosensors
CHF 2700
BioTech
CHF 1600
Birds
CHF 1200
Blockchains
CHF 1000
Brain Sciences
CHF 2200
Buildings
CHF 2600
Businesses
CHF 1000
C
CHF 1600
Cancers
CHF 2900
Cardiogenetics
CHF 1400
Catalysts
CHF 2200
Cells
CHF 2700
Ceramics
CHF 1600
Challenges
CHF 1400
ChemEngineering
CHF 1600
Chemistry
CHF 1800
Chemistry Proceedings
see here
Chemosensors
CHF 2700
Children
CHF 2400
Chips
CHF 1000
CivilEng
CHF 1200
Clean Technologies
CHF 1600
Climate
CHF 1800
Clinical and Translational Neuroscience
CHF 1000
Clinical Bioenergetics
CHF 1000
Clinics and Practice
CHF 1600
Clocks & Sleep
CHF 1600
Coasts
CHF 1000
Coatings
CHF 2600
Colloids and Interfaces
CHF 1600
Colorants
CHF 1000
Commodities
CHF 1000
Complications
CHF 1000
Compounds
CHF 1000
Computation
CHF 1800
Computer Sciences & Mathematics Forum
see here
Computers
CHF 1800
Condensed Matter
CHF 1600
Conservation
CHF 1000
Construction Materials
CHF 1000
Corrosion and Materials Degradation
CHF 1000
Cosmetics
CHF 1800
COVID
CHF 1000
Crops
CHF 1000
Cryo
CHF 1000
Cryptography
CHF 1600
Crystals
CHF 2100
Current Issues in Molecular Biology
CHF 2200
Current Oncology
CHF 2200
Dairy
CHF 1200
Data
CHF 1600
Dentistry Journal
CHF 2000
Dermato
CHF 1000
Dermatopathology
CHF 1200
Designs
CHF 1600
Diabetology
CHF 1200
Diagnostics
CHF 2600 *
Dietetics
CHF 1000
Digital
CHF 1000
Disabilities
CHF 1000
Diseases
CHF 1800
Diversity
CHF 2100 *
DNA
CHF 1000
Drones
CHF 2600
Drugs and Drug Candidates
CHF 1000
Dynamics
CHF 1000
Earth
CHF 1200
Ecologies
CHF 1000
Econometrics
CHF 1400
Economies
CHF 1800
Education Sciences
CHF 1800
Electricity
CHF 1000
Electrochem
CHF 1000
Electronic Materials
CHF 1000
Electronics
CHF 2400
Emergency Care and Medicine
CHF 1000
Encyclopedia
CHF 1000
Endocrines
CHF 1000
Energies
CHF 2600
Energy Storage and Applications
CHF 1000
Eng
CHF 1200
Engineering Proceedings
see here
Entropy
CHF 2600
Environmental and Earth Sciences Proceedings
see here
Environments
CHF 1800
Epidemiologia
CHF 1200
Epigenomes
CHF 1500
European Burn Journal
CHF 971
European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education
CHF 1400
Fermentation
CHF 2100
Fibers
CHF 2000
FinTech
CHF 1000
Fire
CHF 2400
Fishes
CHF 2600
Fluids
CHF 1800
Foods
CHF 2900
Forecasting
CHF 1800
Forensic Sciences
CHF 1000
Forests
CHF 2600
Fossil Studies
CHF 1000
Foundations
CHF 1000
Fractal and Fractional
CHF 2700
Fuels
CHF 1000
Future
CHF 1000
Future Internet
CHF 1600
Future Pharmacology
CHF 1000
Future Transportation
CHF 1000
Galaxies
CHF 1400
Games
CHF 1600
Gases
CHF 1000
Gastroenterology Insights
CHF 1600
Gastrointestinal Disorders
CHF 1200
Gastronomy
CHF 1000
Gels
CHF 2100
Genealogy
CHF 1400
Genes
CHF 2600
Geographies
CHF 1000
GeoHazards
CHF 1000
Geomatics
CHF 1000
Geometry
CHF 1000
Geosciences
CHF 1800
Geotechnics
CHF 1000
Geriatrics
CHF 1800
Glacies
CHF 1000
Gout, Urate, and Crystal Deposition Disease
CHF 1000
Grasses
CHF 1000
Hardware
CHF 1000
Healthcare
CHF 2700
Hearts
CHF 1000
Hemato
CHF 1000
Hematology Reports
CHF 1600
Heritage
CHF 1600
Histories
CHF 1000
Horticulturae
CHF 2200
Hospitals
CHF 1000
Humanities
CHF 1400
Humans
CHF 1000
Hydrobiology
CHF 1000
Hydrogen
CHF 1000
Hydrology
CHF 1800
Hygiene
CHF 1000
Immuno
CHF 1000
Infectious Disease Reports
CHF 1800
Informatics
CHF 1800
Information
CHF 1600
Infrastructures
CHF 1800
Inorganics
CHF 2700
Insects
CHF 2600
Instruments
CHF 1400
Intelligent Infrastructure and Construction
CHF 1000
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
CHF 2500
International Journal of Financial Studies
CHF 1800
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
CHF 2900
International Journal of Neonatal Screening
CHF 1600
International Journal of Plant Biology
CHF 1200
International Journal of Topology
CHF 1000
International Journal of Translational Medicine
CHF 1000
International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power
CHF 1000
International Medical Education
CHF 1000
Inventions
CHF 1800
IoT
CHF 1200
ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
CHF 1700
J
CHF 1200
Journal of Ageing and Longevity
CHF 1000
Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
CHF 2700
Journal of Clinical & Translational Ophthalmology
CHF 1000
Journal of Clinical Medicine
CHF 2600
Journal of Composites Science
CHF 1800
Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy
CHF 1000
Journal of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease
CHF 1000
Journal of Developmental Biology
CHF 1800
Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Analyses
CHF 1000
Journal of Functional Biomaterials
CHF 2700
Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
CHF 1600
Journal of Fungi
CHF 2600
Journal of Imaging
CHF 1800
Journal of Intelligence
CHF 2600
Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications
CHF 1800
Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing
CHF 1800
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
CHF 2600
Journal of Market Access & Health Policy
CHF 1500
Journal of Molecular Pathology
CHF 1000
Journal of Nanotheranostics
CHF 1000
Journal of Nuclear Engineering
CHF 1000
Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine
CHF 1000
Journal of Parks
CHF 1000
Journal of Personalized Medicine
CHF 2600
Journal of Pharmaceutical and BioTech Industry
CHF 1000
Journal of Respiration
CHF 1000
Journal of Risk and Financial Management
CHF 1400
Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks
CHF 2000
Journal of the Oman Medical Association
see here
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research
CHF 1000
Journal of Vascular Diseases
CHF 1000
Journal of Xenobiotics
CHF 1600
Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens
CHF 1000
Journalism and Media
CHF 1000
Kidney and Dialysis
CHF 1000
Kinases and Phosphatases
CHF 1000
Knowledge
CHF 1000
LabMed
CHF 1000
Laboratories
CHF 1000
Land
CHF 2600
Languages
CHF 1400
Laws
CHF 1400
Life
CHF 2600 *
Limnological Review
CHF 1000
Lipidology
CHF 1000
Liquids
CHF 1000
Literature
CHF 1000
Livers
CHF 1000
Logics
CHF 1000
Logistics
CHF 1400
Lubricants
CHF 2600
Lymphatics
CHF 1000
Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction
CHF 1800
Machines
CHF 2400
Macromol
CHF 1000
Magnetism
CHF 1000
Magnetochemistry
CHF 2200
Marine Drugs
CHF 2900
Materials
CHF 2600
Materials Proceedings
see here
Mathematical and Computational Applications
CHF 1400
Mathematics
CHF 2600
Medical Sciences
CHF 1400
Medical Sciences Forum
see here
Medicina
CHF 2200
Medicines
CHF 1400
Membranes
CHF 2200
Merits
CHF 1000
Metabolites
CHF 2700
Metals
CHF 2600
Meteorology
CHF 1000
Methane
CHF 1000
Methods and Protocols
CHF 1800
Metrics
CHF 1000
Metrology
CHF 1000
Micro
CHF 1000
Microbiology Research
CHF 1600
Micromachines
CHF 2600
Microorganisms
CHF 2700
Microplastics
CHF 1000
Minerals
CHF 2400
Mining
CHF 1000
Modelling
CHF 1000
Modern Mathematical Physics
CHF 1000
Molbank
CHF 500
Molecules
CHF 2700
Multimodal Technologies and Interaction
CHF 1600
Muscles
CHF 1000
Nanoenergy Advances
CHF 1000
Nanomanufacturing
CHF 1000
Nanomaterials
CHF 2900
NDT
CHF 1000
Network
CHF 1000
Neuroglia
CHF 1000
Neurology International
CHF 1600
NeuroSci
CHF 1000
Nitrogen
CHF 1000
Non-Coding RNA
CHF 1800
Nursing Reports
CHF 1800
Nutraceuticals
CHF 1000
Nutrients
CHF 2900
Obesities
CHF 1000
Oceans
CHF 1600
Onco
CHF 1000
Optics
CHF 1200
Oral
CHF 1000
Organics
CHF 1000
Organoids
CHF 1000
Osteology
CHF 1000
Oxygen
CHF 1000
Parasitologia
CHF 1000
Particles
CHF 1600
Pathogens
CHF 2200
Pathophysiology
CHF 1400
Pediatric Reports
CHF 1600
Pets
CHF 1000
Pharmaceuticals
CHF 2900
Pharmaceutics
CHF 2900
Pharmacoepidemiology
CHF 1000
Pharmacy
CHF 1800
Philosophies
CHF 1400
Photochem
CHF 1000
Photonics
CHF 2400
Phycology
CHF 1000
Physchem
CHF 1000
Physical Sciences Forum
see here
Physics
CHF 1400
Physiologia
CHF 1000
Plants
CHF 2700
Plasma
CHF 1400
Platforms
CHF 1000
Pollutants
CHF 1000
Polymers
CHF 2700
Polysaccharides
CHF 1000
Populations
CHF 1000
Poultry
CHF 1000
Powders
CHF 1000
Proceedings
see here
Processes
CHF 2400
Prosthesis
CHF 1600
Proteomes
CHF 1800
Psychiatry International
CHF 1000
Psychoactives
CHF 1000
Psychology International
CHF 1200
Publications
CHF 1400
Quantum Beam Science
CHF 1600
Quantum Reports
CHF 1400
Quaternary
CHF 1600
Radiation
CHF 1000
Reactions
CHF 1000
Real Estate
CHF 1000
Receptors
CHF 1000
Recycling
CHF 1800
Regional Science and Environmental Economics
CHF 1000
Religions
CHF 1800
Remote Sensing
CHF 2700
Reports
CHF 1400 *
Reproductive Medicine
CHF 1000
Resources
CHF 1600
Rheumato
CHF 1000
Risks
CHF 1800
Robotics
CHF 1800
Ruminants
CHF 1000
Safety
CHF 1800
Sci
CHF 1200
Scientia Pharmaceutica
CHF 1000
Sclerosis
CHF 1000
Seeds
CHF 1000
Sensors
CHF 2600
Separations
CHF 2600
Sexes
CHF 1000
Signals
CHF 1000
Sinusitis
CHF 1000
Smart Cities
CHF 2000
Social Sciences
CHF 1800
Société Internationale d’Urologie Journal
see here
Societies
CHF 1400
Software
CHF 1000
Soil Systems
CHF 1800
Solar
CHF 1000
Solids
CHF 1000
Spectroscopy Journal
CHF 1000
Sports
CHF 1800
Standards
CHF 1000
Stats
CHF 1600
Stresses
CHF 1000
Surfaces
CHF 1600
Surgeries
CHF 1200
Surgical Techniques Development
CHF 1400
Sustainability
CHF 2400
Sustainable Chemistry
CHF 1000
Symmetry
CHF 2400
SynBio
CHF 1000
Systems
CHF 2400
Targets
CHF 1000
Taxonomy
CHF 1000
Technologies
CHF 1600
Telecom
CHF 1200
Textiles
CHF 1000
Thalassemia Reports
CHF 1000
Therapeutics
CHF 1000
Thermo
CHF 1000
Time and Space
CHF 1000
Tomography
CHF 2400
Tourism and Hospitality
CHF 1200
Toxics
CHF 2600
Toxins
CHF 2700
Transplantology
CHF 1000
Trauma Care
CHF 1000
Trends in Higher Education
CHF 1000
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
CHF 2700
Universe
CHF 2400
Urban Science
CHF 1600
Uro
CHF 1000
Vaccines
CHF 2700
Vehicles
CHF 1600
Venereology
CHF 1000
Veterinary Sciences
CHF 2100
Vibration
CHF 1600
Virtual Worlds
CHF 1000
Viruses
CHF 2600
Vision
CHF 1600
Waste
CHF 1000
Water
CHF 2600
Wild
CHF 1000
Wind
CHF 1000
Women
CHF 1000
World
CHF 1000
World Electric Vehicle Journal
CHF 1400
Youth
CHF 1000
Zoonotic Diseases
CHF 1000

* For papers of type "Interesting Images", an APC of CHF 550 applies for publication in this journal.

Please note that for papers submitted to these journals after 31 December 2024 the new APC applies.

Market-Specific Taxes

Authors from Switzerland will have the local Value Added Tax (VAT) added to their invoices. Japan residents will have the Japanese Consumption Tax (JCT) added to their invoices at the rate set by the Japanese government.

Extensive English Editing

It is the authors’ responsibility to submit their work in correct English. The APC includes only minor English editing. The APC does not include extensive English editing. If extensive editing is required, your paper could be returned to you at the English editing stage of the publication process. This could delay the publication of your work. We offer professional English editing, completed in 1 day by native English speakers, here: Author Services. Vouchers that have been obtained for providing peer review can be used to pay for Author Services language editing.

Funding of APCs and BPCs

Many funding agencies and institutions explicitly allow the use of research grants for the payment of APCs and BPCs for publishing open access articles and books. For more information on APC and BPC funding, see the following page.

Discounts on APCs

Waivers may be granted at the Publisher's discretion and should be discussed with the editorial office when submitting the article. The editorial decision making is decoupled from the authors' ability to pay the Processing Charges; however, authors should consider in advance whether they have sufficient funds to cover the full APC/BPC.

MDPI also offers discount vouchers to selected reviewers. Please note that reviewer vouchers can only be combined with IOAP and affiliated society discounts.

Authors affiliated with participating universities receive a discount on the APC for any paper published in an MDPI journal. Note that only one discount through an IOAP scheme is permitted per paper, and that the discount can be combined with other available discounts (e.g., reviewer vouchers).

Accepted Currencies

We accept payments in Swiss francs (CHF), Euro (EUR), US Dollars (USD), British Pound Sterling (GBP). Japanese Yen (JPY) or Canadian Dollars (CAD). Upon acceptance, the corresponding/submitting author will receive an e-mail with a link where the currency of the invoice can be changed.

Accepted Methods of Payment

MDPI currently supports the following payment methods:

For more detailed information on how to pay an invoice, please see our Payment Instructions.

APCs are payable within 5 to 10 business days.

Invoices are emailed shortly after acceptance to the payment contact provided by the authors. Only official invoices issued by MDPI (@mdpi.com) are valid. We do not authorize any third party to collect the APCs. MDPI is the sole service provider and cannot be held liable for actions by third parties.

For wire transfers, we ask the customer to pay the fees for both the sender and the recipient bank, so that MDPI receives the full invoiced amount. If you wish to pay by cheque, please add 12 CHF for processing fees.

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