5 August 2024
A numerical study was conducted to identify the mechanisms involved in the destabilisation of centrifugal compressors with vaneless diffusers. A stability analysis—carried out on the rotating and fixed parts of the studied machines—showed...
The limiting current density is one of to the most important indicators in electroplating for the maximal current density from which a metal can be deposited effectively from an electrolyte. Hence, it is an indicator of the maximal deposition speed a...
The aim of this study was to propose a new approach to determine the liquid limit and plastic limit of clay soils by considering electrical conductivity (EC) measurements. The proposed method included incorporating a new parameter, F, which is the ra...
The non-monotonic behavior of amperometric enzyme-based biosensors under uncompetitive and noncompetitive (mixed) substrate inhibition is investigated computationally using a two-compartment model consisting of an enzyme layer and an outer diffusion...
Diffusion-limited erosion is a distinct universality class of fluctuating interfaces. Although its dynamical exponent
In this article, we undertake a concise review of several milestone developments in classical regression rate models of hybrid rocket motors. After a brief description of the physical processes entailed in hybrid rocket combustion, Marxman’s di...
We investigate how the size, the number, and the spatial arrangement of identical nonoverlapping reactive patches on a sphere influence the overall reaction kinetics of bimolecular diffusion-limited (or diffusion-controlled) reactions that occur betw...
In the paper, we consider a multi-server retrial queueing system with setup time which is motivated by applications in power-saving data centers with the ON-OFF policy, where an idle server is immediately turned off and an off server is set up upon a...
In flocculation processes, particulates randomly collide and coagulate with each other, leading to the formation and sedimention of aggregates exhibiting fractal characteristics. The diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) model is extensively employed t...
In this study, the nonlinear and non-monotonic behavior of amperometric bienzyme biosensors employing an enzymatic trigger reaction is investigated analytically and computationally using a two-compartment model comprising an enzymatic layer and an ou...
The gas diffusion layer (GDL), as a key component of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), plays a crucial role in PEMFC’s polarization performance, particularly in mass transport properties at high current densities. To elucidate the c...
A base-catalysed methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) colloidal gel formation was implemented as a cellular automaton (CA) system, specifically diffusion and/or reaction-limited aggregation. The initial characteristic model parameters were determined based...
(1) Background: Turbid biological formulations present a challenge for conventional optical protein analysis because scattering and particulate heterogeneity can distort analytical signals. (2) Methods: This study evaluated the limitations of ultravi...
Lithium metal batteries offer high energy density but are challenged by dendrite growth, which can lead to short circuits and battery failure. Multiple models with varying degrees of accuracy and computational cost have been developed to understand a...
This paper studies a single-server retrial queue with two types of calls (incoming and outgoing calls). Incoming calls arrive at the server according to a renewal process, and outgoing calls of
Using the co-precipitation method to synthesize (CeO2)0.95(Y2O3)0.05 (YDC) and solid reaction method to synthesize (CeO2)0.75(ZrO2)0.25 (ZDC), and the crystal structure, micro-structure, total conductivity and electronic conductivity of the two mater...
We study stationary entropy production as a measure of irreversibility in a two-allele Wright–Fisher population, comparing the finite-population chain with its diffusion, fixed-point Gaussian, and sequential weak-mutation reductions. Whole-gene...
We present a simple reaction model to study the influence of the size, number, and spatial arrangement of reactive patches on a reactant placed on a plane. Specifically, we consider a reactant whose surface has an N × N square grid structure, w...
This study numerically investigates the critical fuel concentration and flammable regions of methane–air and methane oxy-fuel counterflow diffusion flames. The goal is to determine the effects of strain rate, oxidizer composition, and radiative...
Gelation through the liquid-liquid contact between a polymer solution and a gelator solution has been attempted with various combinations of gelator and polymer solutions. In many combinations, the gel growth dynamics is expressed as
For the protection of human and ecological receptors from the effects of soil pollution with chemical compounds, we need to know the behavior and transport of pollutants in soil. This work investigated the Congo red (CR) acid dye sorption on three na...
The carbonylation of dimethyl ether (DME) to produce methyl acetate (MA) has a promising prospect in industry. Mordenite (MOR) has been widely studied due to its excellent catalytic activity and high MA selectivity; however, its microporous character...
Since its introduction to the field in mid-1990s, photoacoustic imaging has become a fast-developing biomedical imaging modality with many promising potentials. By converting absorbed diffused light energy into not-so-diffused ultrasonic waves, the r...
The fundamental premise of apatite U-Th-Pb thermochronology is that radiogenic Pb is redistributed by volume diffusion. In practice, it is often additionally assumed that crystals (1) lose radiogenic Pb to an infinite reservoir, (2) have a simple geo...
In three-dimensional simulations of free-surface flow where the vertical velocities are relevant, such as in lakes, estuaries, reservoirs, and coastal zones, a nonhydrostatic hydrodynamic approach may be necessary. Although the nonhydrostatic hydrody...
Gel growth induced by contact of polymer solutions with crosslinker solutions yields an emerging class of anisotropic materials with many potential applications. Here, we report the case of a study on the dynamics in forming anisotropic gels using th...
Kinetic models of aggregation and dissolution of clusters in disordered heterogeneous materials based on subdiffusive equations containing fractional derivatives are studied. Using the generalized fractional Fick law and fractional Fokker–Planck equa...
Spatiotemporal signal shaping in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling is now a well-established and accepted notion to explain how signaling specificity can be achieved by a superfamily sharing only a handful of downstream second messengers. D...
This paper is concerned with a boundary value problem for a fractional-order diffusion equation involving the Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative with respect to time in an angular domain. The distinctive feature of the formulation is that...
Mutual diffusion coefficients, D, were determined for aqueous solutions of sodium hyaluronate (NaHy) at 25 °C and concentrations ranging from 0.00 to 1.00 g·dm−3 using the Taylor dispersion technique. From these experimental data, it was possible to...
A first-order linear and numerically non-diffusive Eulerian transport algorithm, minVAR, was recently developed for preservation of correlations between interrelated tracers during advective transport. The present study extends this work by: (1) prov...
Individuals ascending rapidly to altitudes >2500 m may develop symptoms of acute mountain sickness (AMS) within a few hours of arrival and/or high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), which occurs typically during the first three days after reaching a...
We propose a model for glioma patterns in a microlocal tumor environment under the influence of acidity, angiogenesis, and tissue anisotropy. The bottom-up model deduction eventually leads to a system of reaction–diffusion–taxis equations...
Although analytical solutions for the problem of diffusion-controlled drug release from uniform formulations of simple geometries, like slabs, spheres, or cylinders, are well known, corresponding exact expressions for the average release times are no...
Direct-methanol fuel cell (DMFC) systems are comparatively simple, sometimes just requiring a fuel cartridge and a fuel cell stack with appropriate control devices. The key challenge in these systems is the accurate determination and control of the f...
Dendrite, a typical geological pattern, is developed along the bedding plane in limestone and dolomite strata in Jinzigou area, Zhoukoudian, Beijing, China, with a self-similar dendritic morphology. In order to reveal the dynamic mechanism of its for...
Enzymes activity in a cell is determined by many factors, among which viscosity of the microenvironment plays a significant role. Various cosolvents can imitate intracellular conditions in vitro, allowing to reduce a combination of different regulato...
Precipitation infiltrates into basal shearing zones, triggering seasonal landslide motion by increasing pore-pressure and reducing shear resistance. This process is jointly controlled by basal depth, rainfall intensity, soil moisture, and hydraulic c...
We consider the renewal counting number process N = N(t) as a forward march over the non-negative integers with independent identically distributed waiting times. We embed the values of the counting numbers N in a “pseudo-spatial” non-negative half-l...
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability worldwide and is characterized by the gradual degradation of articular cartilage in weight-bearing joints, notably the knees and hips. However, the primary morphological and anatomical determinants...
The present communication describes the results of the performance and the assessment of a sensor based on a solid oxide electrolyte with a composition of 0.9ZrO2 + 0.1Y2O3 (YSZ), equipped with a ceramic diffusion barrier for measuring the water vapo...
In this paper, we solve the problem of mid price movements arising in high-frequency and algorithmic trading using real data. Namely, we introduce different new types of General Compound Hawkes Processes (GCHPDO, GCHP2SDO, GCHPnSDO) and find their di...
The Betz limit defines the maximum theoretical efficiency of a wind turbine operating in an unconstrained flow. In practice, however, turbines may operate in confuser–diffuser or Venturi-type channels, where the flow is geometrically constraine...
In this work, an approach is presented to assess the reinforcement depassivation probability of reinforced concrete structures under corrosion induced by carbonation or chloride diffusion. The model consists of coupling mathematical formulations of C...
Mesophyll conductance (gm) limits CO2 diffusion from sub-stomatal internal cavities to the sites of RuBP carboxylation. However, the response of gm to light intensity remains controversial. Furthermore, little is known about the light response of rel...
Sudden releases of pressurised hydrogen may spontaneously ignite by the so-called “diffusion ignition” mechanism. Several experimental and numerical studies have been performed on spontaneous ignition for compressed hydrogen at ambient te...
The manner in which an ultra-lean hydrogen flame stabilizes and blows off is crucial for the understanding and design of safe and efficient combustion devices. In this study, we use experiments and numerical simulations for pure H2-air flames stabili...
Electrochemical CO2 reduction is a promising carbon capture and utilisation technology. Herein, a continuous flow gas diffusion electrode (GDE)-cell configuration has been studied to convert CO2 via electrochemical reduction under atmospheric conditi...
The principles of gas-phase biofilter systems, modeling, and operations are quite different from liquid-phase biofilter systems. Because of “biofilter” terminology used in both gas and liquid-phase systems, researchers often mistakenly us...
For reactive transport process in porous media, limited mixing and non-Fickian behavior are difficult to understand and predict. To explore the effects of anomalous diffusion and limited mixing, the column-based experiments of bimolecular reactive mi...
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