3,143 Results Found

Histosols cover about 8–10% of Lithuania’s territory and most of this area is covered with nutrient-rich organic soils (Terric Histosols). Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from drained Histosols contribute more than 25% of emissions from th...

Strain paths allowing both volumetric changes and excess pore water pressure generation could be more critical than conventional drained or undrained paths as limiting boundaries. Due to the potential of fibre reinforcement to improve the mechanical...

In offshore engineering, the sand beneath an embankment may be subjected to traffic loads, resulting in a series of engineering issues. The behaviour of the sand beneath the embankment may change under a long-term traffic load. A series of drained cy...

Drainage is a major means of the conversion of tropical peat forests into agriculture. Accordingly, drained peat becomes a large source of carbon. However, the amount of carbon (C) loss from drained peats is not simply measured. The current C loss es...

Despite the difficulties in obtaining the ultimate capacity of the large diameter bored piles (LDBP) using the in situ loading test, this method is the most recommended by several codes and design standards. However, several settlement-based approach...

Investigations have indicated that in addition to traditional sources, drained peat soils can be considered as a significant source of nitrogen in Estonia. This changes the measures to improve water quality in rivers. At present modelling of nitrogen...

Long-term draining of peatlands results in transformation of vegetation and obliteration of their morphological features. In many areas, efforts are made to restore the original ecosystems and increase their water retention potential. Using combined...

For agricultural purposes, the drainage and deforestation of Southeast Asian peatland resulted in high greenhouse gases’ (GHGs, e.g., CO₂, N₂O and CH₄) emission. A peatland regenerating initiative, by rewetting and vegetation restoration, refle...

The ability to accurately assess the impact of organic soil drainage on greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) is still limited. Methane (CH₄) emissions are characterized by significant variations, and GHG emissions from nutrient-rich organic soil in the reg...

The aim of this study is to estimate wintertime emissions of greenhouse gases CO₂, N₂O and CH₄ in two abandoned peat extraction areas (APEA), Ess-soo and Laiuse, and in two Oxalis site-type drained peatland forests (DPF) on nitrogen-rich sapric histo...

The vacuum preloading method effectively strengthens soft soil foundations with vertical drainage, which produces a smear effect when laying sand drains. Meanwhile, the seepage of pore water and soil deformation during consolidation exhibit nonlinear...

Soil liquefaction or instability, one of the most catastrophic phenomena, has attracted significant research attention in recent years. The main cause of soil liquefaction or instability is the reduction in the effective stress in the soil due to the...

Yamamoto’s theoretical solution for a two-dimensional wave-induced response of an elastic seabed with finite permeability needs a simultaneous equation to be solved. Analysis of the dimensionless simultaneous equation demonstrated that it becom...

Strip-cutting management has been proposed as an alternative to clear-cuts in drained boreal peatland pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests. We explored the hydrological feasibility of strip cutting, that is, under which conditions the post-harvest wate...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the responses in grain yield and zinc concentration of wetland and upland rice varieties to Zn fertilizer application and different growing conditions. The wetland (Chainat 1; CNT1) and upland (Kum Hom CMU;...

Based on cartographic materials, three lakes drained in the previous centuries have been reconstructed. It was found that by restoring them to their original state their total surface area would rise by 140 ha. Knowing the water surface level, determ...

The raised source/drain (RSD) structure is one of thin film transistor designs that is often used to improve device characteristics. Many studies have mentioned that the high impact ionization rate occurring at a drain side can be reduced, owing to a...

In achieving sustainable development goals, soils play a key role in environmental protection, natural resources, and food security. Peatlands are particularly important here, as they function at the interface between terrestrial and aquatic ecosyste...

This paper presents a series of laboratory tests to determine the shear strength and interface shear strength of cement-treated silty soil under consolidated and drained conditions. The test variables include the effective normal stress, cement conte...

In temperate monsoon areas, major constraints of soybean production in drained paddy fields are excess soil water during monsoon seasons. To further understand how agronomic practices and weather course affect the yield of soybeans, we conducted fiel...

Frequent inspections are essential for drains to maintain proper function to ensure public health and safety. Robots have been developed to aid the drain inspection process. However, existing robots designed for drain inspection require improvements...

Polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) thin film transistors (TFT) with a tri-gate fin-like structure and wide drain were designed and simulated to improve gate-induced drain leakage (GIDL), ON-state current, and breakdown voltage. The GIDL of fin-like TF...

The present work describes the program Simulation of Consolidation with Vertical Drains (SICOMED_2018), a tool for the solution of consolidation processes in heterogeneous soils, with totally or partially penetrating prefabricated vertical drains (PV...

The latest guidelines from the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS^®) Society stated that early drain removal after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is beneficial in decreasing complications including postoperative pancreatic fistulas (POPFs). This study...

Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are common in hospitalized patients, both in and outside of the intensive care unit. Management principles include antimicrobial therapy and source control. Typically, these infections are polymicrobial, and intra-ope...

Lake formation and drainage are pervasive phenomena in permafrost regions. Drained lake basins (DLBs) are often the most common landforms in lowland permafrost regions in the Arctic (50% to 75% of the landscape). However, detailed assessments of DLB...

This paper presents results from an extensive experimental study on hydraulic performance of new rectangular bridge deck drains developed by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Bridge Division. It fits between the deck reinforcement with t...

The aim of this study was an investigation of tile drain flow velocity under variable hydraulic conditions and of tile drain discharge using an ultrasonic flow meter. There is an essential variance between velocity values measured by an ultrasonic fl...

Peatland drainage based on ditch systems is a widely used forestry management practice in the boreal and hemiboreal forests to improve tree growth. This study investigated the morphological variation in absorptive roots (first- and second-order roots...

Recent developments in urban drainage modelling allow for a more realistic coupling of the two-dimensional (2D) surface and one-dimensional (1D) sub-surface drainage domain exchanging water through storm drain inlets instead of a sub-catchment approa...

In recent years an increase of interest in usage of renewable energy sources as a substitution of fossil fuels is being noticeable. However, the waste heat potential, which can be used as an additional source of energy for heating water in buildings,...

Hydraulic fracturing for economic production from unconventional reservoirs is subject to many subsurface uncertainties. One such uncertainty is the impact of natural fractures in the vicinity of hydraulic fractures in the reservoir on flow and thus...

In the reduced acceleration environment aboard orbiting spacecraft, capillary forces are often exploited to access and control the location and stability of fuels, propellants, coolants, and biological liquids in containers (tanks) for life support....

This paper reports the results of dynamic centrifuge tests carried out on sandy models alternatively equipped with vertical or horizontal drains. The main aim of the experimentation was to investigate the use of horizontal drains to mitigate the liqu...

The provision of drains to geotechnical elements subjected to strong ground motion can reduce the magnitude of shaking-induced excess pore pressure and the corresponding loss of soil stiffness and strength. A series of shaking table tests were conduc...

Among various polymorphic phases of gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃), α-phase Ga₂O₃ has clear advantages such as its heteroepitaxial growth as well as wide bandgap, which is promising for use in power devices. In this work, we demonstrate α-Ga₂O₃ MO...

Medical brain drain has been a policy concern in recent years when many countries are struggling with health workforce shortages. Some suggest that wealthy countries only exacerbate this problem by recruiting internationally trained health profession...

A current improved and electric field reduced double-gate (DG) polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistor with two-step source/drain (DGTSD-TFT) design is proposed and demonstrated in this study. The two-step source/drain (TSD) design, which consis...

The atmospheric drain condensate system of a marine steam power plant is described and evaluated from the energetic and exergetic point of view at a conventional liquefied natural gas (LNG) carrier. Energy loss and exergy destruction rate were calcul...

Water transmission pipelines, which transport bulk water into storage facilities, usually have a tree-type configuration with large dimensions; thus, the breakage of a pipeline may cause a catastrophic service interruption to customers. Although drai...

Tumor-draining lymph nodes play a paradoxical role in cancer. Surgeons often resect these sentinel lymph nodes to determine metastatic spread, thereby enabling prognosis and treatment. However, lymph nodes are vital organs for the orchestration of im...

Background: Drains are often placed during bariatric procedures; however, their use in conversional or revisional bariatric surgery (CRBS) has not been thoroughly explored. Our study sought to identify the frequency of drain placement in CRBS, and ch...

The paper describes the conversion of carbon dioxide into methanol in a chemical reactor under standard operating conditions. Electro-analytical techniques, cyclic voltammetry, and chrono-amperometry characterize the process. The electrochemical redo...

Background: Deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction is an increasingly popular technique, but controversy exists regarding the optimal use of closed suction drains (CSD) at the abdominal donor site. This narrative review...

A full-scale embankment on soft clays improved with prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) have to be analyzed in 3D conditions due to a great number of vertical drains under an embankment. However, 3D analysis is very complex, time-consuming, and need...

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard surgical treatment for symptomatic gallbladder diseases. In clinical practice, it can be followed by drainage or not. The results acquired so far regarding drain insertion are mixed. The curren...

A drain engineered InGaN heterostructure tunnel field effect transistor (TFET) is proposed and investigated by Silvaco Atlas simulation. This structure uses an additional metal on the drain region to modulate the energy band near the drain/channel in...

Population expansion within agricultural lands applies pressure on natural resources, particularly water resources, and leads to contamination through different types of pollutants, such as heavy metals, that consequently alter the ecosystem and impa...

As a method for reinforcing against overflow erosion and infiltration, this study investigated a laminar drain reinforcement (LDR) levee, in which the drain layers are set on the back slope and connected to concrete panels using geogrid layers. We ex...

Scholars had been documenting the Brain Drain phenomenon producing scientific literature for more than 50 years. After three decades of slow but steady progress, literature about this concept has accelerated its progress and growth path, in line with...