Proceedings

3 pages, 183 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Genetic and Phenotypic Overview of Mutations in COL4A1 and COL4A2: Insights from a French Cohort

by Hélène Morel, Thibault Coste, Stéphanie Guey, Dominique Hervé and Elisabeth Tournier-Lasserve

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120006 - 8 Jul 2025

Introduction: Type IV collagen, predominantly composed of the COL4A1 and COL4A2 genes, is a crucial component of the basement membrane, essential for maintaining vascular integrity [...] Full article

2 pages, 129 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Age-Dependent Cerebral Vascular Dysfunction and Neurovascular Coupling Deficits in Col4a1 Mutant Mice

by Scott Earley

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120005 - 8 Jul 2025

Abstract

Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is a vital process ensuring that blood flow is rapidly delivered to the most active areas of the brain, supporting the energetic needs of neurons during tasks such as learning, movement, or memory formation [...] Full article

3 pages, 168 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

FishCOLler: Pilot In Vivo Models of COL4A1/A2 Syndrome in Tractable Fish Embryos Recapitulate Neurovascular and Ocular Pathology and Demonstrate Utility for Whole-Organism Variant Testing and Mechanistic Investigation

by Graziamaria Paradisi, Valeria Bonavolontà, Martina Venditti, Giulia Fasano, Catia Pedalino, Marco Tartaglia and Antonella Lauri

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120004 - 8 Jul 2025

Abstract

Collagen IV α1/α2 heterotrimers are the major constituents of all basement membranes (BM). Consistently, COL4A1/A2 mutations cause a complex multisystem disorder. While mouse models are invaluable, they alone cannot support the rapid functional validation needed for clinical translation. The FishCOLler project establishes zebrafish [...] Read more.

Collagen IV α1/α2 heterotrimers are the major constituents of all basement membranes (BM). Consistently, COL4A1/A2 mutations cause a complex multisystem disorder. While mouse models are invaluable, they alone cannot support the rapid functional validation needed for clinical translation. The FishCOLler project establishes zebrafish as a scalable in vivo platform to model COL4A1/A2 disease, employ rapid assays to monitor key disease traits, and enable mechanistic studies. Our first fish disease faithfully models patient symptoms, i.e., brain hemorrhage and ocular dysgenesis. The work supports FishCOLler as a platform for rapid variant interpretation, therapeutics testing, and highlights potential consequences of gene dosage modulation strategies. Full article

2 pages, 129 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Developing Zebrafish Models to Study COL4A1-Related Disease

by Daisy Flatman, Richard W. Naylor, Siobhan Crilly, Emmanuel Pinteaux, Stuart M. Allan, Rachel Lennon and Paul R. Kasher

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120003 - 8 Jul 2025

Abstract

Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a leading contributor to both stroke and vascular dementia, yet its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, and treatment options are limited [...] Full article

2 pages, 116 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Establishing a Clinic for Patients with COL4A1 and COL4A2 Variants: A Multidisciplinary Approach

by Rachel Vassar

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120002 - 8 Jul 2025

Abstract

The Gould Syndrome Clinic at University of California, San Francisco, founded in spring 2024, demonstrates a multidisciplinary model for patient-centered care focused on individuals with COL4A1 and COL4A2 variants [...] Full article

6 pages, 461 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Antioxidant and Antitumor Activity Against Colorectal Cancer Cells of Lycium chinense Mill. Cultivated in Ukraine

by Svetlana Lyashenko, Natalia Boiko, Victoriia Soloshenko and José Luis Guil-Guerrero

Proceedings 2025, 119(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025119008 - 7 Jul 2025

Abstract

The polyphenolic extract from Lycium chinense fruits cultivated in Ukraine was surveyed for antioxidant and anticancer activity against HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. The total phenolic compounds and total flavonoid content were analyzed through the Folin–Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride procedure, respectively, while the antioxidant [...] Read more.

The polyphenolic extract from Lycium chinense fruits cultivated in Ukraine was surveyed for antioxidant and anticancer activity against HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. The total phenolic compounds and total flavonoid content were analyzed through the Folin–Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride procedure, respectively, while the antioxidant activity in vitro was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging and β-carotene bleaching assays. Anticancer effects were established using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The TPC was 11.3 mg GAE/g dry weight, while the TFC was 7.3 mg rutin/g dry weight. The extract demonstrated an antioxidant capacity (DPPH IC₅₀ = 125.9 ± 12.6 µg/mL), lipid peroxidation inhibition (23.5 ± 2.1% in the β-carotene assay) and the inhibition of HT-29 colorectal cancer cells (GI₅₀ at 72 h = 250 µg/mL). These findings provide the first evidence of the anticancer potential of Lycium chinense against human colorectal cancer cells, supporting its application as a source of bioactive compounds for the development of functional foods with antitumor properties. Full article

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10 pages, 277 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Crises, Financial Data and Public Sector Reform: Activity-Based Costing and Cost Allocation in Greece—A Case Study of the Independent Authority for Public Revenue

by Eleftheria Kyriakidou and Athanasios Vazakidis

Proceedings 2024, 111(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024111029 - 30 Jun 2025

Abstract

Under the international globalized environment, the impact of the financial crisis of 2008 and the recent financial effect of the COVID-19 economic recession have generated a new role for the state aimed at reducing vulnerability to a new financial shock. Cost analysis is [...] Read more.

Under the international globalized environment, the impact of the financial crisis of 2008 and the recent financial effect of the COVID-19 economic recession have generated a new role for the state aimed at reducing vulnerability to a new financial shock. Cost analysis is currently an issue among public authorities, inhibiting enhanced productivity and the effectiveness and utility of public services and goods. This article aims to showcase that the basic priorities of a high degree of transparency and accountability of public spending are becoming more and more essential. The need for cost allocation is essential for states to be resilient under the current ‘spin’ of crises. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Public Administration 2024)

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5 pages, 194 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Antioxidant Capacity of Colombian Tropical Fruits with Dietary Potential to Reduce Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases

by Claudia Milena Ardila Meléndez

Proceedings 2025, 119(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025119007 - 27 Jun 2025

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of death globally and in Colombia. Oxidative stress plays a key role in CVD pathogenesis by promoting endothelial damage. Antioxidant compounds from fruits can mitigate oxidative stress through free radical scavenging and metal ion chelation. This [...] Read more.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of death globally and in Colombia. Oxidative stress plays a key role in CVD pathogenesis by promoting endothelial damage. Antioxidant compounds from fruits can mitigate oxidative stress through free radical scavenging and metal ion chelation. This review highlights tropical fruits rich in phenolic compounds and evaluates their antioxidant capacity using FRAP and DPPH methods. Evidence supports the inverse relationship between antioxidant intake and CVD incidence. Given Colombia’s fruit diversity, assessing dietary antioxidant capacity may inform strategies to improve diet quality and reduce CVD risk in the population. Full article

7 pages, 193 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Obesity: Insights into Mechanism and Therapeutic Targets

by Bhagyashri Sandip Patil, Javesh Kashinath Patil, Hemangi Somnath Chaudhari and Bhagyashri Sunil Patil

Proceedings 2025, 119(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025119006 - 27 Jun 2025

Abstract

Due to being correlated with metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, fatty liver disease, and cancer, obesity is a global health issue that predisposes those affected to morbidity and mortality. Obesity can be defined as an excessive amount of fat accretion in the [...] Read more.

Due to being correlated with metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, fatty liver disease, and cancer, obesity is a global health issue that predisposes those affected to morbidity and mortality. Obesity can be defined as an excessive amount of fat accretion in the body. According to current research, visceral adipose tissue performs a critical function as an active endocrine organ due to its function in releasing adipokines that facilitate complex physiological events. These adipokines exacerbate both low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress (OS), two key constituents of obesity-related comorbidities. This review summarizes the most recent data on the relationship between inflammation, OS, and diseases linked to obesity, focusing on how OS overexpression causes cellular damage by weakening antioxidant mechanisms. To understand the mechanisms by which OS is related to comorbidities, we assess a wide range of models, including animal models, biochemical analysis, and clinical research. The most important discoveries are that heightened OS exacerbates inflammation and cellular damage by increasing the formation of ROS and weakening antioxidant defenses. Increased lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage in adipose tissue associated with insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction have been identified through data from research conducted on KKAy mice, a model of diabetes obesity. Adipokines, like adiponectin, have been shown to have protective functions against inflammation and OS. Thereby, some of these candidates may become promising therapeutic targets. Understanding the mechanism of these systems is a must for developing therapies to decrease OS, restore antioxidant balance, and reprogram inflammatory pathways. Such tactics may further augment clinical outcomes and reduce the occurrence of obesity-associated diseases in global populations. Unlike previous reviews, this work bridges basic mechanisms and therapeutic implications, with a unique emphasis on translational barriers and future clinical directions. Full article

6 pages, 349 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

From Waste to Value: Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Potential in Cistus ladanifer Residues via Solid–Liquid and Subcritical Water Extraction

by Filipe Fernandes, Cristina Delerue-Matos and Clara Grosso

Proceedings 2025, 119(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025119005 - 26 Jun 2025

Abstract

The aim of this work was to extract phenolic compounds (PCs) from Cistus ladanifer L. post-distillation residues using two different methods (solid–liquid extraction (SLE) and subcritical water extraction (SWE)) and to compare the extracts’ total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) by [...] Read more.

The aim of this work was to extract phenolic compounds (PCs) from Cistus ladanifer L. post-distillation residues using two different methods (solid–liquid extraction (SLE) and subcritical water extraction (SWE)) and to compare the extracts’ total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH^•) and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation (ABTS^•+) scavenging activities, as well as by the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. SWE extraction displayed a higher TPC value (increased from 146.53 ± 11.68 to 276.37 ± 20.59 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAEs)/g extract dry weight (dw)) and higher AA in the DPPH^• (increased from 334.27 ± 36.06 to 532.17 ± 66.38 mg Trolox equivalents (TEs)/g extract dw), ABTS^•+ (increased from 438.07 ± 77.22 to 594.08 ± 33.57 mg TEs/g extract dw), and FRAP (increased from 10.91 ± 2.03 to 170.26 ± 25.36 mg ascorbic acid equivalents (AAEs)/g extract dw) assays. These results demonstrate the importance of the extraction method in PC extraction and the antioxidant power of the extracts produced. These results provide critical insights into the potential application of C. ladanifer post-distillation residues and the production of polyphenol rich extracts that might be useful in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical sectors. Full article

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12 pages, 211 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: Turning the Health Crisis into an Economic Crisis

by Nikoletta Nteka

Proceedings 2024, 111(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024111028 - 25 Jun 2025

Abstract

This research shows whether the management of the current health crisis by the Greek health system is effective, highlighting all of its black spots and capabilities. Therefore, it will be determined which weaknesses of the Greek health system need to be addressed through [...] Read more.

This research shows whether the management of the current health crisis by the Greek health system is effective, highlighting all of its black spots and capabilities. Therefore, it will be determined which weaknesses of the Greek health system need to be addressed through more effective and integrated management of the current crisis. The outcomes of this multidimensional research will be even more relevant for future crises that the Greek health system will be called upon to manage and deal with effectively. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Public Administration 2024)

3 pages, 141 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Preface: 2nd COL4A1-A2 International Conference

by Simona Manodoro and Francesca Manodoro

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120001 - 18 Jun 2025

Abstract

The 2nd COL4A1-A2 International Conference took place on 10 February 2025, at the National Research Council (CNR) in Rome, Italy [...] Full article

7 pages, 1252 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Growing Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in Floating Disk Systems Under Variable and High Salinity Ranges in Water Enriched with Nanobubbles

by Konstantinos Zoukidis, Anastasia Giannakoula, Ramonna Kosheleva, Athanasios Gertsis, Antonios Apostolidis, Georgios Strouthopoulos and Athanasios Varoutoglou

Proceedings 2025, 117(1), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025117033 - 16 Jun 2025

Abstract

Hydroponic systems, which use commercial hydroponics technologies, are cheaper and easier to maintain than traditional farming methods in soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate various salinity ranges (E.C.i from 1 dS/m to 14 dS/m) in water enriched with nanobubbles (NBs) [...] Read more.

Hydroponic systems, which use commercial hydroponics technologies, are cheaper and easier to maintain than traditional farming methods in soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate various salinity ranges (E.C.i from 1 dS/m to 14 dS/m) in water enriched with nanobubbles (NBs) for the growth and productivity of lettuce plants in a floating disk hydroponic system. This research study investigated how using floating disks in a greenhouse with a nanobubble (NB) generator may affect lettuce’s (Lactuca sativa L.) morphological and physiological responses to salt stress. The goal of this experiment was to examine the results of the influence of NB and non-NB treatments on agronomic traits and yield. The results indicated that the NB device is an innovative and very effective technology for sustainable lettuce production under a high-salinity nutrient solution. This device presents a valuable solution to the global issue of the increased salinity of irrigation water. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies in Agriculture, Food and Environment (HAICTA 2024), Volume II)

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6 pages, 688 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Pro-Environmental vs. Anti-Environmental Perceptions

by Stavros Valsamidis, Giannoula Florou, Athanasios Mandilas and Sofia D. Anastasiadou

Proceedings 2025, 117(1), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025117032 - 11 Jun 2025

Abstract

The present project attempts to investigate students’ Environmental Attitudes based on the Theory of Ecological Attitude. The research methodology involves a literature review and questionnaires. The research is carried out in three countries: Greece, Latvia, and the Netherlands. A certain number of students [...] Read more.

The present project attempts to investigate students’ Environmental Attitudes based on the Theory of Ecological Attitude. The research methodology involves a literature review and questionnaires. The research is carried out in three countries: Greece, Latvia, and the Netherlands. A certain number of students from each country participated in a survey regarding the purpose of the project. The analysis of the collected data illuminates the intricate interplay between students’ attitudes and two contrasting perspectives: biocentric and human-centered attitudes towards the environment. It begins with an exploration of the prevalence of each attitude type and the correlations between these attitudes and various demographic factors are examined to discern potential patterns and associations. The findings shed light on the nuanced relationship between attitudes and environmental behaviors among students from different countries. The comparative evaluation among the students of the three countries highlighted that the biocentric (pro-environmental) and human-centered (anti-environmental) perceptions may co-exist at the same time. The results indicated that a new theory for environmental ethics has been deemed necessary. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies in Agriculture, Food and Environment (HAICTA 2024), Volume II)

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3 pages, 124 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

How Can Public Administration Foster Political Participation Among Youths

by Syrmoula Tzima

Proceedings 2024, 111(1), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024111027 - 6 Jun 2025

Abstract

This abstract discusses the crucial role of public administrations in fostering political participation among youths, emphasizing strategies to actively engage young individuals in democratic processes. Education programs, digital platforms, inclusion in policy-making, and leadership training are highlighted as effective methods to increase political [...] Read more.

This abstract discusses the crucial role of public administrations in fostering political participation among youths, emphasizing strategies to actively engage young individuals in democratic processes. Education programs, digital platforms, inclusion in policy-making, and leadership training are highlighted as effective methods to increase political engagement among youths. The paper argues that integrating these strategies can enhance democratic resilience and responsiveness to governance. It also stresses the importance of adapting communication methods to youth preferences and supporting youth organizations to facilitate greater involvement in politics. By employing these approaches, public administrations can empower young people to become informed, active participants in their communities and beyond. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Public Administration 2024)

1 pages, 129 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Statement of Peer Review

by Giuseppe Carbone

Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 52; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107052 - 30 May 2025

Abstract

In submitting conference proceedings to Proceedings, the Volume Editors of the proceedings certify to the publisher that all papers published in this volume have been subjected to peer review administered by the Volume Editors [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)

7 pages, 209 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Stability of Cotinus coggygria Scop. Extract-Loaded Liposomes: The Impact of Storage on Physical and Antioxidant Properties

by Aleksandra A. Jovanović, Amjed Karkad, Andrea Pirković, Dragana Dekanski, Diana Lupulović, Miroslav Novaković and Aleksandar Marinković

Proceedings 2025, 119(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025119004 - 28 May 2025

Abstract

The stability of Cotinus coggygria extract-loaded liposomes (non-treated and UV-irradiated) was determined after 60 days through an investigation of the impact of storage on liposomal physical and antioxidant properties. The liposome size varied in a narrow range for 60 days; PDI was 0.273–0.313 [...] Read more.

The stability of Cotinus coggygria extract-loaded liposomes (non-treated and UV-irradiated) was determined after 60 days through an investigation of the impact of storage on liposomal physical and antioxidant properties. The liposome size varied in a narrow range for 60 days; PDI was 0.273–0.313 (non-treated) and 0.829–0.911 (UV-irradiated). The zeta potential ranged from −28.2 to −29.6 mV (non-treated) and from −21.5 to −22.0 mV (UV-irradiated). The obtained liposomes with the extract neutralized 81.9% of free DPPH radicals before UV irradiation and 80.9% after irradiation. In the ABTS assay, UV irradiation also significantly reduced the antioxidant capacity, from 12.02 to 10.55 µmol Trolox equivalent (TE)/mL. The ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity of the UV-irradiated liposomes significantly decreased after the 60-day storage (8.93 µmol TE/mL and 75.4%, respectively), whereas in the non-treated sample, the mentioned drop in antioxidant capacity was not noticed. Liposomal formulations of C. coggygria extract can exhibit significant potential for further development as a functional food or dermo-cosmetic ingredient. Full article

5 pages, 3240 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Investigation of Gene Polymorphisms in FGF2 and SΤAΤ5A Genes in the Greek Red Cow Breed

by Paraskevi Eleni Tsokanta, Εfthimios Avgeris and Georgios Michailidis

Proceedings 2025, 117(1), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025117031 - 27 May 2025

Abstract

In the present study, we investigated the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms at the Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF2) and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5A (STAT5A) genes loci in the Greek Red Cow breed, using RFLP-PCR analyzes. [...] Read more.

In the present study, we investigated the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms at the Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF2) and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5A (STAT5A) genes loci in the Greek Red Cow breed, using RFLP-PCR analyzes. One hundred seventy-four Greek red cows were used for this study. PCR-RFLP analysis revealed that for FGF2, the frequencies of the genotypes were 0.25, 0.55 and 0.20 for the GG, GA and AA genotypes respectively and the alleles G and A sequences were 0.52 and 0.48, respectively. Genotyping of the GG, GC and CC genotypes of the STAT5A genes revealed that these frequencies were 0.22, 0.48 and CC in the investigated population, while the G and C allelic frequencies was 0.46 and 0.54, respectively. These genotyping analyses presented in this study revealed the presence of all three genotypes for the STAT5A and FGF2 genes loci, indicating that the investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms can be used in the future, in genetic selection improvements schemes, in order to improve the reproductive performance of the Greek Red Cow breed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies in Agriculture, Food and Environment (HAICTA 2024), Volume II)

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6 pages, 352 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Bee Product Royal Jelly Reduces Oxidative Stress in Healthy MRC-5 Cells and Upregulates GSTP1 Expression

by Milena Jovanović and Dragana Šeklić

Proceedings 2025, 119(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025119003 - 27 May 2025

Abstract

Redox homeostasis in the human body is strictly regulated by reducing molecules, such as glutathione, as well as various antioxidant enzymes. Examination of the antioxidant effects of natural products is necessary in order to prevent and treat various pathological conditions considering the correlation [...] Read more.

Redox homeostasis in the human body is strictly regulated by reducing molecules, such as glutathione, as well as various antioxidant enzymes. Examination of the antioxidant effects of natural products is necessary in order to prevent and treat various pathological conditions considering the correlation of their occurrence with oxidative stress damage. RJ has been identified as a very potent regulator of many metabolic processes and is considered as a medicinal agent that can cope with the oxidative stress. The present study evaluated the RJ’s ability to scavenge superoxide anion radicals O₂^∙− and modulate the expression of GSTP1 marker in healthy lung fibroblasts (MRC-5 cell line) after 24 h. Assessment was performed with the NBT test and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Our results show that RJ successfully reduced the O₂^∙− concentration for ~12% and upregulated GSTP1 gene expression (1.75 fold-change) whose protein product is responsible for catalyzation of glutathione (GSH) binding to oxidative stress metabolites and their further neutralization in cells. We found that RJ has an important protective effect against oxidative damage of healthy human cells and these properties could be used to explore new resources for pharmacological treatments, as well as to improve application of natural medicine for maintaining human health. Full article

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