5,974 Results Found

Vertical surface light sources, widely applied in public spaces, easily trigger discomfort glare due to direct visual exposure. As a core lighting parameter, background luminance ($L_b$) strongly regulates glare perception, yet relevant research mainly...

A 1-D diffusion model of temperature is employed to understand important features of temperature response to the changes of surface heat flux (SHF) and vertical diffusivity shown in 3-D model simulations. Analytical results show that the temperature...

High-voltage bushings play a crucial role in energy conveyance. Their specialized electric structure makes the bushing more vulnerable to surface discharge. However, the influence of a vertical electric field on the surface flashover of bushing struc...

In this paper, we present an SU-8 based evanescent waveguide with a vertical structure as a biomedical sensor. The waveguide is designed vertically to generate evanescent waves on both left and right surfaces for sensing. It is fabricated by E-beam l...

The Lofoten Vortex (LV) is a quasi-permanent anticyclonic eddy with the characteristic of periodic regeneration in the Lofoten Basin (LB), which is one of the major areas of deep vertical mixing in the Nordic Sea. Our analysis of the LV contributes t...

Recently, high internal surfaces for titanium alloy pipes have been required due to the increment of various applications such as aerospace components. In this work, vertical magnetorheological polishing (VMRP) is carried out to achieve high polishin...

Low threshold current and polarization-stabilized 795 nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are fabricated by integrating a surface grating of high polarization selectivity and high reflectivity. The rigorous coupled-wave analysis metho...

With the increase in mining depth and the deterioration of mining conditions, thick and hard overburden movement frequently induces mine earthquakes and rock bursts. Some mines are expected to prevent and control super thick hard rock mine earthquake...

A new method proposed to enhance the optical confinement of the terahertz band in a vertical cavity surface emitting laser involves introducing a square-lattice photonic crystal structure. This structure’s filling factor was optimized by comput...

Rapid population and urban growth in Bangkok increases the need for vertical city development because of the limited territory. This might lead to increasing land surface temperatures (LST), which makes some urban areas significantly warmer and leads...

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have emerged as essential light sources for atomic-precision measurement, quantum-secure communication, high-speed optical transmission, and laser coherent scanning detection, owing to their low power...

Distinguished from conventional lighting, the LED vertical surface light source (VSLS) is directly exposed to human view, and the effects of which form it takes on visual perception are non-negligible. In the current discomfort glare evaluation syste...

The Lie symmetry group transformation method was used to investigate the partial differential equations that model the motion of a natural convective unsteady flow past to a non-isothermal vertical flat surface. The one-parameter Lie group transforma...

Submersible surface vehicles (SSVs) must balance resistance in surface and fully submerged navigation while maintaining vertical-plane stability. This study develops a multi-objective hull-form optimization framework for a slender SSV using four free...

The solid Earth deforms elastically in response to variations of surface atmosphere, hydrology, and ice/glacier mass loads. Continuous geodetic observations by Global Positioning System (CGPS) stations and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRA...

Understanding the mechanism of mode-locking in a laser with high-order transverse mode is important for achieving an ultrashort pulses train under more complicated conditions. So far, mode-locking with high-order transverse mode has not been reported...

The degradation process of Vertical-cavity Surface-emitting lasers with high speed and a central wavelength at 850 nm is investigated via constant-current accelerated aging experiments. Degradation of the photoelectric performances under different op...

Optical interferometry plays an important role in the topographical surface measurement and characterization in precision/ultra-precision manufacturing. An appropriate surface reconstruction algorithm is essential in obtaining accurate topography inf...

A simple, versatile model for the dynamics of electrically and optically pumped vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers, which are mode locked by a semiconductor saturable-absorber mirror, is presented. The difference between the laser opera...

We propose a highly polarized vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) consisting of staggered InGaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs), with the resonance cavity and polarization enabled by a bottom nanoporous (NP) n-GaN distributed Bragg reflector...

Thin-walled elements are widely used in the aerospace industry, where the aim is to reduce the process time and the weight of the structure while ensuring the sufficient quality of the finished product. Quality is determined by geometric structure pa...

During the production of components, manufacturers of structures are obliged to meet certain requirements and ensure appropriate quality characteristics. It is especially important during the manufacturing of thin-walled structures, which are subject...

Dual-wavelength output devices have a wide range of applications in mid-infrared band difference frequency generation, anti-interference lidar, dual-wavelength holographic interferometry, and other applications. Vertical external cavity surface-emitt...

This study investigated the physicochemical properties and nutrient dynamics on the Romanian shelf of the northwestern Black Sea in July 2024, collecting data across 36 stations (13–1116 m depth) heavily influenced by Danube discharges. Vertica...

The Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) has led to the rapid development of advanced fields such as communication, optical sensing, smart cars, and more. The accurate testing of VCSEL beam quality is an important prerequisite for its effec...

Sea surface temperatures and vertical wind shear are essential to tropical cyclone formation. TCs need warm SSTs and low shear for genesis. Increasing SSTs and decreasing VWS influences storm development. This work analyzes SST and VWS trends for the...

This paper reviews past research and the current state-of-the-art concerning gallium nitride-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (GaN-VCSELs) incorporating distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). This paper reviews structures developed during...

A double-cavity vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) can effectively suppress high-order transverse modes and achieve a high side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR). However, the double cavity also results in increased fundamental mode loss, red...

A region in the tropical western Pacific is selected to study the notable change in temperature between the recent warming hiatus period and the post-hiatus period. In total, three probable factors, namely sea-surface temperature (SST), cloud vertica...

A computational analysis is performed on the diffraction of water waves induced by large-diameter, surface-piercing, vertical circular cylinder. With reference to linear-wave cases, the phenomenon is preliminarly considered in terms of velocity poten...

The high-yield optical wireless network (OWN) is a promising framework to strengthen 5G and 6G mobility. In addition, high direction and narrow bandwidth-based laser beams are enormously noteworthy for high data transmission over standard optical fib...

A vertical-type high-speed twin roll caster can cast aluminum alloy strip at speeds from 20 to 90 m/min; however, surface cracks occur on the cast strip. In Al-Si alloys, surface cracks are known to occur when the Si content is less than 5 mass%. The...

This study analyzed the distribution of water and nitrogen in the vertical pipe surface drip irrigation system under the condition of sandy loam soil, and established a prediction model for the wetting front transport distance. A constant-head infilt...

In this work, broadband optical frequency comb (OFC) generation by a gain-switching vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) subject to optical injection is investigated experimentally. During implementing the experiment, a 1550 nm VCSEL under...

The present study provides the heat transfer analysis of a viscous fluid in the presence of bioconvection with a Caputo fractional derivative. The unsteady governing equations are solved by Laplace after using a dimensional analysis approach subject...

The surface roughness of blisks during vibratory finishing is a critical evaluation index for their processing effect. Establishing a surface roughness prediction model helps reveal the processing mechanism and guide the optimization of process param...

Little is known about the differences in vertical jump biomechanics executed on rigid (RJS) and sand (SJS) surfaces in female indoor and beach volleyball players. Eleven young female beach volleyball players with a combined indoor and beach volleybal...

Electron beam powder bed fusion (EB-PBF) Ti6Al4V often exhibits high vertical surface roughness, limiting its use in high-end applications. In this study, an infrared continuous-wave laser was applied to precisely polish the vertical surface. An orth...

Magnetoelectrolysis (electrolysis in magnetic fields) has potential to produce chiral surfaces on metal films. The Lorentz force causes two types of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows; a vertical MHD flow and micro-MHD vortices, and the combination of t...

The current progress of energy-efficient high-speed VCSELs based on GaAs substrates is presented. Novel approaches for the design of VCSELs are presented, potentially leading to larger bandwidth bit rates and lower power consumption. The first approa...

Vertical resolution is the most widely quoted and most frequently misunderstood performance specification for equipment that measures surface topography. Here I propose to use internationally standardized terms and definitions for measurement noise a...

An actuator surface model (ASM) to be employed to simulate the effect of a vertical axis turbine on the hydrodynamics in its vicinity, particularly its wake is introduced. The advantage of the newly developed ASM is that it can represent the complex...

Film downflow from captured liquid without wave formation and its destruction is one of the most important aspects in the development of separation equipment. Consequently, it is necessary to create well-organized liquid draining in areas of captured...

Airborne sediment fluxes were measured in southern Tunisia on two experimental plots tilled with a moldboard and a tiller plough, respectively, during five wind erosion events of different intensities. The sediment fluxes were sampled on both plots u...

This study presents isotopic compositions and their vertical profile of meteoric and surface water samples collected in the Southern Himalaya since 2015, with elevations extending all the way up to Mt. Everest’s summit. The data covering a wide...

Electropolymerized poly(o-ethoxyaniline) (POEA) nanostructured thin films were successfully deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. The surface dynamic of the films was extensively investigated using morphological and multifractal parameters e...

WO3 vertical plate-like arrays provide a direct pathway for charge transport, and thus hold great potential as working electrodes for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. However, surface recombination due to surface defects hinders the perfor...

The safe removal of residual flammable contaminants from vertical mixer blades is a crucial challenge in aerospace propellant production. While robotic cleaning has become the preferred solution due to its precision and operational safety, the comple...

The visibility of vertical road signs is a crucial factor for driving safety, especially in low-light conditions. The retroreflectivity of signs is imperative to ensure that drivers are able to perceive the information in a timely manner. However, th...

This paper adopts the fluid–structure coupling algorithm based on the acoustic fluid element, the fluid dynamic artificial boundary, and the consistent viscoelastic artificial boundary of solid media to establish a finite element model of the d...