Background/Objectives: The Doppler perfusion index (DPI) quantifies the ratio of arterial to total hepatic blood flow and reflects hepatic hemodynamic balance. Its clinical applicability is limited by insufficient standardization and the absence of c...
Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) real-time localization systems usually require either precise and robust synchronization of the anchor transceivers or sufficiently stable clocks for methods referred to as “synchronization-free”. Typically, reasonab...
Low-permeable materials, either artificial or natural, are essential components of the current technological development. Their production or processing requires a comprehensive characterization method based on confident reference standards. Permeabi...
The radio noise that comes from the Sun has been reported in literature as a reference signal to check the quality of dual-polarization weather radar receivers for the S-band and C-band. In most cases, the focus was on relative calibration: horizonta...
Redox catalysts play a critical role in advancing sustainability by enabling cleaner, more efficient chemical transformations. The redox potential of a catalyst determines the reaction direction thermodynamically, as electrons are transferred from th...
This paper presents an efficient harmonic detection for real-time generation of the reference current fed to a shunt active power filter using the ADALINE neural network. This proposed method is a single layer with 101 nodes generating the coefficien...
There is a lack of experimental reference materials and standards for metabolomics measurements, such as urine, plasma, and other human fluid samples. Reasons include difficulties with supply, distribution, and dissemination of information about the...
For sample preparation prior to mineral analysis, microwave digestion (~2 h) is quicker and requires lower acid volume as compared to dry (6–8 h) and wet digestion (4–5 h). However, microwave digestion had not yet been compared systematic...
The presence of stromal cells in tumors is altering the significance of molecular profiling when using standard methods of gene expression quantification. We developed a novel normalization method to rank target gene expression in tumor samples by co...
Temporal feature integration refers to a set of strategies attempting to capture the information conveyed in the temporal evolution of the signal. It has been extensively applied in the context of semantic audio showing performance improvements again...
Background: Trace elements and heavy metals can provide valuable forensic information for individual identification, lifestyle reconstruction, and association with the scene or time of death and may also assist in linking objects to criminal activiti...
The purpose of this study is to validate the accuracy of abundance map reference data (AMRD) for three airborne imaging spectrometer (IS) scenes. AMRD refers to reference data maps (“ground truth”) that are specifically designed to quantitatively ass...
Background: In recent years, cross-border migrations have resulted in an increase in the number of unaccompanied children apprehended at the United States border, particularly in the state of California. The assessment of the chronological age of a c...
Since written reference works on ancient design techniques are still extant, it is possible to gain an understanding of the development of these designs. In particular, we are able to investigate dimensional standards used for wood members using the...
Background/Objectives: Compared to conventional test methods, point-of-care tests (POCTs) offer advantages for optimising care in patient groups at risk of vitamin D deficiency. However, their diagnostic accuracy in clinical settings has not previous...
Anti-vibration gloves undergo a certification procedure that is described in the EN ISO 10819:2013. This is a laboratory practice that, in this paper, is compared with a standardized field method. Two methods are implemented in the tests: a direct me...
An approach to design analog building blocks based on digital standard cells is presented in this work. By ensuring that every CMOS inverter from a standard-cell library operates with a well-defined quiescent current and output voltage, the suggested...
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. The fast and accurate diagnosis of sepsis by procalcitonin (PCT) has emerged as an essential tool in clinical medicine. Although in use in the clinica...
A reliability approach referred to as the point estimate method (PEM) is presented to assess the uncertainty of a two-dimensional hydraulic model. PEM is a special case of numerical quadrature based on orthogonal polynomials, which evaluates the stat...
Background/objectives: One of the most crucial responsibilities of clinical microbiology laboratories involves conducting precise and fast antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) on bacterial isolates, necessary to guide antibiotic therapy. Standa...
Metagenomic data compression is very important as metagenomic projects are facing the challenges of larger data volumes per sample and more samples nowadays. Reference-based compression is a promising method to obtain a high compression ratio. Howeve...
Accurately predicting a fetus’s gestational age (GA) is crucial in prenatal care. This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model to predict GA using biometric measurements from fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We...
Siji-kangbingdu mixture is an anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-viral herbal mixture which is frequently used by doctors to treat upper respiratory infections. It’s important to establish an efficient and economical quality-control me...
The tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta is a destructive pest of tomato. The leaf-mining activities of its larvae can cause significant yield losses. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is commonly used to measure gene expression,...
Background/Objectives: To systematically review and critically appraise AI methods for RECIST-based radiologic treatment response assessment in solid tumors, comparing image-derived and report-derived approaches and summarizing their performance, agr...
A method for simultaneous laser profilometer and hand–eye calibration in relation to an industrial robot as well as its implementation is presented. In contrast to other methods, the new calibration procedure requires the measurement of only one refe...
Reference intervals are indispensable for the interpretation of medical laboratory results to distinguish “normal” from “pathological” values. Recently, indirect methods have been published, which estimate reference intervals...
Background/Objectives: The Duffy (Fy) blood group system, encoded by the ACKR1 gene, plays a key role in transfusion medicine and host susceptibility to malarial infections such as Plasmodium vivax. The Duffy-null phenotype [Fy(a−b−)] is...
A near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) method for rapid determination of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium in diverse meadow grasses was developed with a view towards utilizing this material for biogas production and organic fertilizer. NI...
Several factors influence the performance of land change simulation models. One potentially important factor is land category aggregation, which reduces the number of categories while having the potential to reduce also the size of apparent land chan...
The High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard has now become the most popular video coding solution for video conferencing, broadcasting, and streaming. However, its compression performance is still a critical issue for adopting a large number of...
A rapid method to quantify the total phenolic content (TPC) and total carotenoid content (TCC) in blackberries using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was carried out aiming to provide reductions in analysis time and cost for the food industry. A tot...
Reliability evaluation of power distribution systems is computationally intensive, as standard Monte Carlo simulations require extensive sampling to accurately estimate rare event-based indices like SAIDI and SAIFI. This paper introduces a multi-obje...
A new chemical separation has been developed to isolate uranium (U) using two UTEVA columns to minimize iron and thorium interferences from high background area soil samples containing minerals like monazites and ilmenite. The separation method was s...
A bovine milk reference material was produced containing amoxicillin with a target concentration at the maximum residue limit. For the evaluation and characterization of the reference material, an isotope dilution–liquid chromatography/tandem m...
This paper introduces a method for calibrating radar sensors in a multi-sensor cinemometer system using a reference cinemometer based on CW Doppler radar. The method involves synchronizing sensors, pairing data with reference measurements, and perfor...
Currently, China’s river water quality evaluation adopts the “Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water”, while the seawater quality evaluation uses the “Seawater Quality Standard”. However, estuarine areas, wher...
The dimensional accuracy of a laser scanner has been extensively evaluated using various measurement methods and diverse reference standards. This study specifically focuses on two key considerations. Firstly, it assesses the dimensional accuracy of...
Within the scope of “Eco Map of Zagreb” project, eight sensor sets (type AQMeshPod) were set up at an automatic measuring station at the Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health (IMROH) for comparison with reference methods...
This study concerns papain enzyme assisted synthesis of virgin coconut oil (VCO) as a candidate in-house reference material. The study was conducted to obtain optimization of the VCO preparation with green processes as the standardized product which...
Analytical biosimilarity assessment relies on two implicit conditions. First, the analytical method must meet a set of requirements known as fit for intended use related to trueness and precision. Second, the manufacture of the reference drug product...
This paper considers the unknown electrical resistance (measurand) as the numerical result of the measurement that was carried out by means of the well-known direct comparison measurement method using an appropriate standard resistor and voltmeter. I...
Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology, which offers both spatial and spectral information, holds significant potential for enhancing diagnostic performance during endoscopy and other medical procedures. However, quantitative evaluation of HSI camera...
Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global health concern that requires multiple strategies to be tackled effectively. While the discovery of new antimicrobial molecules is essential, the repurposing of existing compounds also plays a s...
Respiratory rate (RR) is a clinically important predictor of cardio-respiratory deteriorations. The mainstay of clinical measurement comprises the manual counting of chest movements, which is variable between clinicians and limited to sporadic readin...
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is developing analytical methods to characterize extracellular vesicles (EVs) to support the urgent need for standardized EV reference materials (RMs). This study used orthogonal techniques, c...
The electromagnetic power that comes from the Sun has been proved to be an effective reference for checking the quality of dual-polarization weather radar receiver. Operational monitoring methods have been developed and implemented for determining th...
Reference samples are commonly used for the calibration and quantification of nanoscale electrical measurements of capacitances and dielectric constants in scanning microwave microscopy (SMM) and similar techniques. However, the traceability of these...
Typically, digital image processing for burned-areas detection combines the use of a spectral index and the seasonal differencing method. However, the seasonal differencing has many errors when applied to a long-term time series. This article aims to...
The performance of various turbulence modelling methods for simulating cavitating flow over a hydrofoil was investigated. VOF mixture modelling was applied for the multiphase flow, along with a standard two-equation turbulence model, a hybrid RANS-LE...
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