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Diagnostics
Special Issues
Abdominal Ultrasound: A Left Behind Area—2nd Edition
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Abdominal Ultrasound: A Left Behind Area—2nd Edition

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 2178

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hiroko Naganuma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Gastroenterology, Yokote Municipal Hospital, Negishi-cho 5-31, Yokote 013-8602, Japan
Interests: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); precancerous lesion; liver cirrhosis; screening system; diagnosis; prevention; liver tumor; liver
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, abdominal ultrasound is used in various ways, including contrast-enhanced elastography and endoscopic ultrasound, and is becoming a central facet in the diagnosis of abdominal diseases. However, it is also true that some aspects of abdominal diseases have still not been fully explored. It is necessary to focus on these areas to advance the use of diagnostic ultrasound. For this reason, we are launching a Special Issue to invite related papers.

In this Special Issue , we will present cases that teach lessons about liver, biliary, and pancreatic tumors, which are the main abdominal diseases, with a further focus on external ultrasound and endoscopic ultrasound. This Specia Issue will organize the information to provide an objective and in-depth perspective on how to prevent misdiagnosis and will draw conclusions that can be immediately applied to general clinical practice. Additionally, we will also include a detailed description of the peritoneum, mesentery, and omentum, which are always difficult to diagnose in daily clinical practice, as well as key points in the diagnosis of these pathologies.

We welcome you to submit your research work to this Special Issue.

Dr. Hiroko Naganuma
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • liver tumor
  • drainage vessel
  • precursor lesion
  • gallbladder cancer
  • peritoneum
  • mesentery
  • ultrasound
 

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 2311 KB  
Article
A Non-Invasive Integrated Model for Accurate Preoperative Identification of the Aggressive Macrotrabecular-Massive Subtype of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
by Yuanqing Zhang, Yang He, Yifei Chen, Xiaorong Lv, Rong Yang, Guo Chen and Fang Nie
Diagnostics 2026, 16(6), 877; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics16060877 - 16 Mar 2026
Viewed by 555
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to develop and validate a predictive model for MTM-HCC by integrating preoperative ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features with relevant clinical characteristics. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from patients with histopathologically confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma [...] Read more.
Objective: The objective of this study was to develop and validate a predictive model for MTM-HCC by integrating preoperative ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features with relevant clinical characteristics. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from patients with histopathologically confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent preoperative CEUS examination at the Ultrasound Department of the Lanzhou University Second Hospital between December 2021 and March 2025. The study cohort comprised 45 patients diagnosed with MTM-HCC and 194 patients with non-MTM-HCC. Ultrasound and CEUS images were independently reviewed by two senior abdominal radiologists with extensive experience in hepatic imaging, ensuring objective feature assessment. Clinical variables and imaging characteristics were systematically compared between the two groups to identify distinguishing patterns. To evaluate the associations among clinical data, ultrasound-derived features, and MTM-HCC, univariate analyses were first performed, followed by multivariate logistic regression to construct and assess predictive models. Results: A total of 239 patients (mean age: 57.28 ± 9.60 years; 187 males and 52 females) were included in the analysis. Among them, 45 HCC patients (18.8%) were classified as MTM-HCC. Multivariate analysis identified four independent predictors: elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP ≥ 467 ng/mL) (OR = 8.5, 95% CI: 4.2–17.30; p < 0.001), presence of non-enhancing necrotic areas (OR = 5.92, 95% CI: 1.82–19.30, p = 0.003), intratumoral arteries (OR = 6.61, 95% CI: 2.28–19.22, p < 0.001), and peritumoral feeding arteries (OR = 3.13, 95% CI: 1.15–8.50, p = 0.025). Conclusions: An integrated prediction model that combines ultrasound imaging and clinical parameters offers a feasible, non-invasive approach for accurate preoperative identification of MTM-HCC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abdominal Ultrasound: A Left Behind Area—2nd Edition)
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15 pages, 3748 KB  
Article
Multiple Primary Malignancy-Related Gallbladder Cancer: An Important Recommendation for the Early Detection of Gallbladder Cancer
by Hiroko Naganuma, Hideaki Ishida, Naoki Matsumoto and Masahiro Ogawa
Diagnostics 2026, 16(4), 605; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics16040605 - 19 Feb 2026
Viewed by 1303
Abstract
Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a highly lethal malignancy that is often asymptomatic in its early stages and difficult to treat once clinical symptoms appear. Although established risk factors include female sex, gallstones, and chronic biliary inflammation, other clinical contexts associated with [...] Read more.
Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a highly lethal malignancy that is often asymptomatic in its early stages and difficult to treat once clinical symptoms appear. Although established risk factors include female sex, gallstones, and chronic biliary inflammation, other clinical contexts associated with GBC remain insufficiently characterized. Multiple primary malignancies (MPMs), in which more than one primary cancer develops in the same individual, have recently attracted attention; however, their relationship with GBC has only rarely been examined. In this study, we aimed to clarify the clinical features of MPM-related GBC and explore its implications for early detection. Methods: We retrospectively compared 22 patients with GBC associated with other malignancies (MPM-positive GBC) and 16 patients with GBC alone (MPM-negative GBC). Clinical characteristics, major risk factors, tumor presentation, and imaging findings were evaluated. Special attention was paid to the sequence of cancer development and the diagnostic utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS). Results: In all MPM-positive cases, GBC occurred as a second primary malignancy, most commonly following gastrointestinal cancers (12/22). Gallstones were significantly less frequent in the MPM-positive group than in the MPM-negative group (2/22 vs. 6/16). The MPM-positive group showed a slight male predominance (12 males and 10 females). Neither pancreaticobiliary maljunction nor porcelain gallbladder was identified in either group. CEUS was useful for both the detection and qualitative diagnosis of GBC in all patients. Conclusions: MPM-related GBC frequently develops as a second primary malignancy in patients with prior gastrointestinal cancer and may arise in the absence of classical risk factors. Careful long-term surveillance after cancer treatment is therefore essential for identifying second primary GBC at a potentially resectable stage. The combined use of ultrasonography and CEUS may facilitate earlier and more accurate diagnosis in this clinical setting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abdominal Ultrasound: A Left Behind Area—2nd Edition)
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