The average kappa coefficient of a binary diagnostic test is a measure of the beyond-chance average agreement between the binary diagnostic test and the gold standard, and it depends on the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic test and on di...
Global solar broadband irradiance on a planar surface is measured at weather stations by pyranometers. In the case of the present research, solar radiation values from nine meteorological stations of the MeteoGalicia real-time observational network,...
In arid regions, the challenges posed by rainfall data availability, missing data, and limited historical records significantly affect hydrological modeling studies and climate change assessments. For various hydrology applications, it is essential t...
Unipolar depression (UD), also referred to as clinical depression, appears to be a widespread mental disorder around the world. Further, this is a vital state related to a person’s health that influences his/her daily routine. Besides, this sta...
The pervasive challenge of missing data in scientific research forces a critical trade-off: discarding incomplete observations, which risks significant information loss, while conventional imputation methods struggle to maintain accuracy in high-dime...
Metabolomics studies have seen a steady growth due to the development and implementation of affordable and high-quality metabolomics platforms. In large metabolite panels, measurement values are frequently missing and, if neglected or sub-optimally i...
The concentration of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) is an integrative bio-indicator of aquatic ecosystems and a direct indicator that evaluates the ecological status of water bodies. In this study, we focused on predicting the Chl-a concentration in seawater...
Demographic Information on threatened species is important to plan conservation actions. Due to their aquatic lifestyle, the subtle nature of hippo sexual dimorphism, and their occurrence in inaccessible areas, it is difficult to visually determine h...
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder for which despite its severity, no validated biomarker currently exists to support early diagnosis, limiting therapeutic effectiveness and patient survival. In this conte...
26 January 2022
There is growing scientific interest in identifying the multitude of chemical exposures related to human diseases through mixture analysis. In this paper, we address the issue of below detection limit (BDL) missing data in mixture analysis using Baye...
Background and Objective: Reliable medical research depends on data integrity, yet clinical datasets often contain real and systematically missing values. This study aimed to develop a robust, clinically realistic imputation framework for a raw Multi...
Photovoltaic (PV) power is subject to variability, influenced by factors such as meteorological conditions. This variability introduces uncertainties in forecasting, underscoring the necessity for enhanced forecasting models to support the large-scal...
Wind tunnel testing techniques are the main research tools for evaluating the wind loadings of buildings. They are significant in designing structurally safe and comfortable buildings. The wind tunnel pressure measurement technique using pressure sen...
Missing data are a persistent challenge in large healthcare datasets, often undermining both statistical validity and machine learning performance when handled using simplistic assumptions. In this work, we examine how entropy-based diagnostics can g...
Fermentation is an age-old technique used to preserve food by restoring proper microbial balance. Boiled barley and nuruk are fermented for a short period to produce Shindari, a traditional beverage for the people of Jeju, South Korea. Shindari has b...
Race and ethnicity are frequently missing in electronic health records (EHRs), where excluding these records can bias pediatric research and disparity estimates. Imputing missing values may reduce this bias but can perform unevenly across methods and...
The sustainable operation of ambient air quality monitoring stations in developing countries is not always possible. Intermittent failures and breakdowns at air quality monitoring stations often affect the continuous measurement of data as required....
Background/Objectives: Missing data is a common challenge in neuroscience and neuroimaging studies, especially in the context of neurodegenerative disorders such as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Inadequate handli...
3 August 2022
Liver cancer is the most common cancer in Northern Thailand, mainly due to the dietary preference for raw fish, which can lead to infection by the parasite, O. viverrini, a causal agent of cholangiocarcinoma. We conducted a temporal trend analysis of...
Background/Objectives: Data availability can affect the performance of AI-based early warning scores (EWSs). This study evaluated how the extent of missing data and imputation strategies influence the predictive performance of the VitalCare–Maj...
User churn in online games refers to players becoming inactive for an extended period. Even a small increase in churn can lead to significant revenue loss, making churn prediction crucial for sustaining long-term player engagement. Although user chur...
Rivers and groundwater supply 88% of Europe’s freshwater and are critical for public health. We examined whether cross-country differences in arsenic, lead, mercury, and nickel concentrations in groundwater and rivers are associated with diseas...
This paper proposes a method for conducting quantitative inductive research on survey data when the variable of interest follows an ordinal distribution. A methodology based on novel and traditional penalising models is described. The main aim of thi...
Background/Objectives: Accurate dietary assessment is crucial for nutritional epidemiology, but tools like 24 h recalls (24HRs) face challenges with missing or implausible data. The Automated Self-Administered 24 h Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24) fac...
Background: Hospitalization-associated acute kidney injury (AKI), affecting one-in-five inpatients, is associated with increased mortality and major adverse cardiac/kidney endpoints. Early AKI risk stratification may enable closer monitoring and prev...
Missing Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) data in clinical studies risk propagating bias into health technology assessments (HTAs) and cost-utility analyses. Despite this, current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance...
Background/Objectives: Six-month functional outcome after chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) surgery has not been reliably predicted in Southeastern European cohorts. We asked whether machine learning (ML) classifiers outperform logistic regression. Me...
Traditional methods of asset management in electric power systems rely upon fixed schedules and reactive measurements, leading to challenges in the transparent prioritization of maintenance under evolving operating conditions and incomplete data. In...
Groundwater quality assessment in urban and peri-urban environments is often constrained by incomplete monitoring records, irregular sampling frequencies, and heterogeneous environmental datasets. The primary objective of this study is to predict the...
Previous research has indicated an association between the presence of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in breast cancer tissue and a favorable prognosis. This study aimed to further evaluate the prognostic potential of VDR located in the nuclear membran...
Background: Migraine is a complex neurovascular disorder with a substantial genetic component, yet many contributing loci remain poorly characterised. Methods: This study investigated the association between 21 biologically prioritised single nucleot...
Background/Objectives: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is associated with multiple individual, interpersonal, and healthcare-related factors. Identifying potentially modifiable factors associated with EBF across different levels of influence may help i...
The fault feature extraction and diagnosis of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in complex environments pose significant challenges due to the intricate nature of the signals that reflect the AUVs’ states in the deep ocean. In this paper, a...
Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a major cause of injuries and fatalities worldwide. In recent years, there has been a growing global interest in analysing RTAs, specifically concerned with analysing and modelling accident data to better understand...
Hierarchical clustering is an unsupervised framework that organizes observations according to pairwise similarity relationships. In this study, an agglomerative hierarchical approach combined with Gower dissimilarity is employed to accommodate mixed-...
Diabetes develops through a mix of clinical, metabolic, lifestyle, demographic, and environmental factors. Most current classification models focus on traditional biomedical indicators and do not include environmental exposure biomarkers. In this stu...
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a key strategy for achieving net-zero emissions, with long-term storage security depending on caprock integrity. Caprocks act as sealing barriers preventing upward CO2 migration; however, breakthrough pressure and...
Most oropharyngeal and anogenital cancers are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Although HPV vaccines showed high efficacy against oropharyngeal and anogenital HPV infections, and cancer precursors in randomized clinical trials, there are limited...
Background: Faster rates of cognitive decline are likely to result in earlier onset of cognitive impairment and dementia. d-galactose, a derivative of lactose, is used in animal studies to induce neurodegeneration. Milk is the primary source of lacto...
Objectives: To identify correlates of survival and perioperative outcomes of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients undergoing open (ORNU), laparoscopic (LRNU), and robotic (RRNU) radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). Methods: We conducted a re...
This study examines the spatio-temporal evolution of precipitation in the State of Guanajuato, Mexico, from 1981 to 2016 by analyzing monthly series from 65 meteorological stations. A rigorous data quality protocol was implemented, selecting stations...
Bangladesh is in the floodplains of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna River delta, crisscrossed by an intricate web of rivers. Although the country is highly prone to flooding, the use of state-of-the-art deep learning models in predicting river wa...
Background: The clinical value of a prognostic score depends on its out-of-sample validity because inaccurate outcome prediction can be not only useless but potentially fatal. We aimed to evaluate the out-of-sample validity of a recently developed an...
Background/Objectives: The aim was to develop a decision tree and a new prognostic tool to predict cancer-specific survival in patients with urothelial bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy. Methods: A total of 11,834 patients with bladder c...
This study aimed to investigate the association between protective factors, marijuana use, and suicidal behavior among Black LGBQ U.S. adolescents. Methods: A subsample of 991 Black LGBQ adolescents was derived from the 2019 Combined High School YRBS...
Fractional laser (FL) and fractional radiofrequency (FRF) are effective treatments for atrophic acne scars, yet comparative data in Asian populations with darker skin types remain limited. This retrospective cohort study compared the clinical effecti...
A city bus carries a large number of passengers, and any traffic accidents can lead to severe casualties and property losses. Hence, predicting the likelihood of accidents among bus drivers is paramount. This paper considered occupational driving cha...
Despite declining malaria transmission, maternal anaemia and low birthweight (LBW) remain high in Ghana, suggesting that non-malarial determinants now dominate these outcomes. A cohort of 5197 pregnant women was enrolled at eight health facilities ac...
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to cognitive, psychological and functional decline, yet few studies track these domains together around the first detection of incident disease. We examined three longitudinal outcomes while preservi...
Contracting COPD reduces a patient’s physical activity and restricts everyday activities (physical activity disorder). However, the fundamental cause of physical activity disorder has not been found. In addition, costly and specialized equipmen...
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