Vertical conical diffusers are used in power engineering, chemical industry, technological processes, and other industries. The efficiency of many machines and pieces of equipment is determined by the gas-dynamic and heat-exchange perfection of proce...
Conical diffusers perform a variety of critical functions in final products (gas, hydraulic, and wind turbines, ejectors, gasifiers, combustion chambers, etc.). The purpose of this study was to experimentally study the flow distribution features in a...
Conical diffusers of various configurations are used in many kinds of technical equipment and manufacturing processes. Therefore, it is a relevant objective to obtain reliable experimental and mathematical data on the aerodynamic characteristics of d...
A 1-D diffusion model of temperature is employed to understand important features of temperature response to the changes of surface heat flux (SHF) and vertical diffusivity shown in 3-D model simulations. Analytical results show that the temperature...
The effects of using a wind acceleration device (wind lens) with vertical-axis wind turbines in wind tunnel experiments were examined. A wind lens consists of a diffuser and flanges, and this study investigated the optimum parameters of their configu...
In a confined space, the flammability of alternative refrigerants (such as R717, R290, R32, and R1234yf) poses significant safety risks during leaks. However, in the actual refrigeration systems, the direction of refrigerant leakage is difficult to p...
Frequent occurrences of inter-regional emergencies constitute critical impediments to global security and sustainable development, necessitating enhanced intergovernmental emergency collaboration. This study employs a network evolutionary game model...
This study investigated surface layer turbulence characteristics and parameters using 20 Hz eddy covariance data collected from five heights with winds up to 42.27 m s−1 when Super Typhoon Maria (2018) made landfall. The dependence of these par...
Conical diffusers are widely used in technical devices (gasifiers, turbines, combustion chambers) and technological processes (ejectors, mixers, renewable energy). The perfection of flow gas dynamics in a conical diffuser affects the intensity of hea...
Accurately simulating the spatiotemporal distribution of global atmospheric CO2 remains challenging yet essential for reducing uncertainties in carbon source-sink inversions, quantifying the climate effects of heterogeneous CO2 fields, and supporting...
The vertical eddy diffusion process plays a crucial role in PM2.5 prediction, yet accurately predicting it remains challenging. In the three-dimensional atmospheric chemistry transport model (3-D AQM) CMAQ, a parameter, Kz, is utilized, and it is kno...
Diffuse attenuation coefficient of photosynthetically available radiation (PAR), KPAR, is a key product of ocean color remote sensing. Current ocean color algorithms generally detect only the average KPAR within one optical depth,
Diffuse greenhouse glass can increase the production and growth of several crops, by scattering the incoming direct sunlight, which results in a better and more homogeneous light distribution in the crop canopy. Tomato and bell pepper growers in Belg...
Controlling pollutant dispersion in high-rise buildings is crucial for public health. Vertical pollutant diffusion in stairwells occurs under thermal and wind effects. However, most existing studies rely on idealized boundary conditions. To address t...
We report that, for the first time, a low-temperature GaN (LT-GaN) layer prepared by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) regrowth was used as a Mg stopping layer (MSL) for a GaN trench current–aperture vertical electron transi...
6 September 2017
The hyporheic zone regulates physicochemical processes in surface-groundwater systems and can be an important source of heavy metals in fluvial systems. This study assesses the pore water concentrations and diffusive fluxes of heavy metals with respe...
Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) has emerged as a transformational technology for seismic data acquisition. However, noise remains a major impediment, necessitating advanced denoising techniques. This study pioneers the application of diffusion mod...
There is a growing interest in innovative products for eyebrow hair loss treatment with fewer adverse effects. Nevertheless, a fundamental formulation aspect of preventing the fragile skin from the ocular region from being irritated is that the formu...
Several studies on amorphous oxide semiconductor thin-film transistors (TFTs) applicable to next-generation display devices have been conducted. To improve the poor switching characteristics and gate bias stability of co-sputtered aluminum–indi...
Background: The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) interacts with eye movement control circuits involved in the adjustment of horizontal, vertical, and torsional eye movements. In this study, we attempted to identify and investigate the anatomical...
The ice thermal parameters are the key to reasonably simulating ice phenology, distribution, and thickness, but they have always been a “vulnerable group” in ice research. Technically, it may seem simple to obtain accurate ice thermal pro...
Vertical farming (VF) holds potential for urban food security in African cities, yet adoption of VF systems by farmers remains poorly understood across diverse urban contexts. This study modeled VF system diffusion across three settlement types in La...
Based on three years of data observed by Beijing MST radar between 2012 and 2014, this study gives the distribution characteristics of the turbulence energy dissipation rate ε and the vertical turbulence diffusion coefficient
Diffusers and the floor ahead of them create the majority of the downforce a vehicle creates. Outside motorsports, the diffuser is relatively unused, although its interaction with the ground is a consistent field of study owing to the aerodynamic ben...
Butterfly wing scales feature complex nanostructures that influence wing coloration and various mechanical and optical properties. This configuration plays a key role in ecological interactions, flight conditions, and thermoregulation, facilitated by...
Illuminance modeling that allows us to mimic or even replicate the dynamics of daylight changes is increasingly becoming a challenge for the development of more accurate prediction systems of natural light availability in building interiors or variat...
The aim of this study is to better understand diffusive convection (DC) and its role in the upper ocean dynamic environment and sea ice melting in the Canada Basin. Based on a moored dataset with 6737 profiles collected from August 2003 to August 201...
In this study, we propose a novel silicon (Si)/silicon carbide (4H–SiC) heterojunction vertical double–diffused MOSFET with an electron tunneling layer (ETL) (HT–VDMOS), which improves the specific on–state resistance (RON), a...
In vitro release testing (IVRT) provides an efficient method for the evaluation of drug release from semi-solid formulations. The aim of this research was to develop and validate a discriminatory IVRT system using vertical diffusion cells (VDCs) to a...
Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNT) are manufactured nanomaterials with excellent properties and great potential for numerous applications. Recently, research has intensified toward achieving VACNT synthesis on different planar and non-planar...
High-resolution CTD profiles, with SVP cross-validation of the sound speed field, were recorded at a single station in the outer roadstead of the Port of Constanța (northwest Black Sea; 44°07′41″ N, 28°53′15″ E; d...
The vertical diffuse attenuation coefficient
This study proposes improving the process of the vertical diffusion of temperature in numerical models to enhance the accuracy of sea surface temperature (SST) simulation. SST tends to be underestimated in the coastal and tidal flat regions, such as...
The diffusion behavior of polyurethane slurry in vertical cracks, especially rough cracks, is not clear and needs to be studied to provide an effective reference for grouting design. In this study, the diffusion morphology and characteristics of modi...
Analytical and numerical investigations were performed to study the influence of the Soret and Dufour effects on double-diffusive convection in a vertical porous layer filled with a binary mixture and subject to horizontal thermal and solute gradient...
When a Hamiltonian system undergoes a stochastic, time-dependent anharmonic perturbation, the values of its adiabatic invariants as a function of time follow a distribution whose shape obeys a Fokker–Planck equation. The effective dynamics of the bod...
The composition of phytoplankton and the concentration of pigments in their cells make their absorption and specific absorption coefficients key parameters for bio-optical modeling. This study investigated whether the multispectral vertical diffuse a...
The instability of the double-diffusive convection of an Oldroyd-B fluid in a vertical Brinkman porous layer caused by temperature and solute concentration differences with the Soret effect is studied. Based on perturbation theory, an Orr–Somme...
Temperature has been used to characterize groundwater and stream water exchanges for years. One of the many methods used analyzes propagation of the atmosphere-influenced diurnal signal in sediment to infer vertical velocities. However, despite havin...
The purpose of this research is to analyze the general equations of double diffusive magneto-free convection in an Oldroyd-B fluid flow based on the fundamental symmetry that are presented in non-dimensional form and are applied to a moving heated ve...
The quantitative understanding of the transport behavior of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in near-surface soils is highly important in light of the potential impacts of soil VOC emissions on the air quality and climate. Previous studies have sugg...
10 March 2021
The physical configuration of the problem is a porous-fluid layer which is horizontally unbounded, in the presence of uniform heat source/sink in the layers enclosed by adiabatic and isothermal boundaries. The problem of double diffusive Bènard-Maran...
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in contaminated soils have been investigated in near-surface environments to describe their transport behaviors and the resultant impacts of vapor intrusion into buildings. Prior studies have suggested that temperatu...
To overcome some of the shortfalls of the types of dissolution testing currently used for pulmonary products, a new custom-built dissolution apparatus has been developed. For inhalation products, the main in vitro characterisation required by pharmac...
We present results of the studies of internal gravity waves based on altitude-time dependences of the temperature and the density of the neutral component and the velocity of the vertical plasma motion at altitudes of the lower ionosphere (60–1...
Enhanced turbulence triggered by near-inertial wave (NIW) trapping by a mesoscale anticyclone and typhoon “Kompasu” was observed in the northern South China Sea. The observations provide evidence for the trapping of NIW packets of amplitu...
The single-event effect reliability issue is one of the most critical concerns in the context of space applications for SiC VDMOS. In this paper, the SEE characteristics and mechanisms of the proposed deep trench gate superjunction (DTSJ), convention...
The vestibulocerebellar tract (VCT) is regarded as an important pathway of the central vestibular system. We identified the anatomical characteristics of the primary and secondary VCTs in a normal human brain using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) trac...
Vegetation in natural river interacts with river flow and sediment transport. This paper proposes a two-layer theoretical model based on diffusion theory for predicting the vertical distribution of suspended sediment concentration in a flow with subm...
Studies on hydrogen leakage have mainly focused on the influences of location and geometrical configuration on the distribution of the hydrogen in various spaces. The present study developed a simplified model for the leakage diffusion of hydrogen in...
of 16