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Water
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Application of Numerical Modeling in Estuarine and Coastal Dynamics
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Application of Numerical Modeling in Estuarine and Coastal Dynamics

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 November 2025 | Viewed by 1878

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Hongyi Zhao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
Interests: wave-seabed-structure interactions; sediment transport; offshore renewable energy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Xiaoli Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
Interests: submarine slope stability analysis and prediction; local scour and protec-tion; solute transport
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jianfeng Zhu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, ZheJiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
Interests: soil improvement; bio-geotechnical engineering; constitutive model of soil and stabilized soil
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advancements in numerical modeling techniques have significantly enhanced our understanding of estuarine and coastal dynamics, providing deeper insights into processes such as tidal currents, sediment transport, shoreline evolution, and ecological interactions. This progress has facilitated the effective addressing of real-world challenges in coastal management, engineering projects, and environmental conservation efforts. To further explore these advancements, this Special Issue will focus on both the application of existing models and the development of new implementations in the realm of Estuarine and Coastal Dynamics. We welcome papers examining theoretical or observational applications, including in situ or remote sensing monitoring and satellite observations, as well as modeling studies utilizing variant numerical methods, machine learning, artificial intelligence, data assimilation, and remote sensing techniques.

Dr. Hongyi Zhao
Prof. Dr. Xiaoli Liu
Prof. Dr. Jianfeng Zhu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • coastal modeling
  • ocean hydrodynamics model
  • shelf sea hydrodynamics model
  • local scour and protection
  • fluid–soil–structure interaction
  • solute transport in marine sediments
  • neural network models

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 6283 KiB  
Article
A Study on Adjusting Vertical Diffusion of Temperature in Tidal Flats to Improve SST of Coastal Models
by Bon-Ho Gu, Jin-Yong Choi, Sung-Hwan Park and Nam-Hoon Kim
Water 2025, 17(4), 474; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17040474 - 8 Feb 2025
Viewed by 551
Abstract
This study proposes improving the process of the vertical diffusion of temperature in numerical models to enhance the accuracy of sea surface temperature (SST) simulation. SST tends to be underestimated in the coastal and tidal flat regions, such as the Yellow Sea around [...] Read more.
This study proposes improving the process of the vertical diffusion of temperature in numerical models to enhance the accuracy of sea surface temperature (SST) simulation. SST tends to be underestimated in the coastal and tidal flat regions, such as the Yellow Sea around Korea. In particular, SST in coastal areas is highly sensitive to wet/dry treatment, implying that the sensitivity of SST increases with the slope of coastal bathymetry. Therefore, during the calculation of vertical temperature diffusion terms, the numerical model’s surface boundary condition (SBC) was modified to limit excessive temperature differences below a certain depth in the coastal regions. Under wet or dry conditions defined by the wet/dry treatment, SBC and bottom boundary condition (BBC) adjustments are stabilized within a predefined depth limit. While horizontal diffusion also plays a role in the model, SST is significantly influenced by the balance of heat advection and shortwave radiation. To demonstrate this, Heat Limit Depth (HLD) was added as an input parameter into the vertical diffusion algorithm in the model to enhance sensitivity to the SBC. If the total water depth in the tidal flat is below the HLD and less than 1.0 m, the model is changed to estimate surface sediment temperature instead of SST. The improvement in the vertical diffusion term for SST was effective primarily in tidal flat areas. In contrast, the impact was less pronounced in coastal areas with average depths exceeding 5 m. The rationale for separating SBC and BBC in the improved air–sea interaction process is twofold: SBC adjustments are suitable for reducing heat flux effects, specifically in shallow depths or tidal flats, without significantly affecting the entire model domain, while combined SBC and BBC adjustments are more appropriate for inducing coastal SST changes across the domain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Numerical Modeling in Estuarine and Coastal Dynamics)
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15 pages, 5203 KiB  
Article
An Investigation of Silty Sediment Erodibility Considering the Effects of Upward Seepage and Slope Gradient
by Xiaoli Liu, Xiaobei Wang, Yushuang Liu, Shuang Han and Hongyi Zhao
Water 2024, 16(23), 3462; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16233462 - 1 Dec 2024
Viewed by 800
Abstract
The phenomenon of extensive erosion of silty submarine slopes in the Yellow River delta has been well documented in numerous studies. Due to poor drainage and high compressibility, silty sediments are particularly prone to pore pressure buildup and accumulated seepage under wave and [...] Read more.
The phenomenon of extensive erosion of silty submarine slopes in the Yellow River delta has been well documented in numerous studies. Due to poor drainage and high compressibility, silty sediments are particularly prone to pore pressure buildup and accumulated seepage under wave and current action, which can influence sediment erodibility (e.g., the critical bed shear stress and the erosion rate under various bed shear stresses). To date, there remains a lack of parametric formulation to quantitatively characterize the erodibility of silty sediments with the coupled effects of the hydraulic gradient of upward seepage and the slope gradient. In this study, a series of laboratory experiments were conducted to explore the erodibility of silt sediments from the Yellow River delta under varying hydraulic gradients of upward seepage and slope gradients. The results reveal that both upward seepage and increased slope gradients can enhance the erodibility of silty sediments. Specifically, as the seepage gradient increases from 0.1 to 0.8, the critical Shields parameter required for initiating silty particle motion decreases linearly, with a reduction rate of 0.01 per 0.1 increase in the seepage gradient, independently of changes in slope gradient. Additionally, the erosion coefficient of silty sediments grows exponentially with rising seepage gradients, with its average growth rate accelerating with increasing slope inclination. For flat sediment beds, the erosion coefficient influenced by upward seepage can be up to five times that in the absence of seepage. An empirical formula for calculating the critical Shields parameter and an erosion model incorporating upward seepage gradient and slope effects were developed through multiple regression analysis, providing an experimental basis for numerical simulations of scour in silty submarine slopes under combined waves and currents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Numerical Modeling in Estuarine and Coastal Dynamics)
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