A number of microeconomic choice models are currently applied to demonstrate systematic biases in energy consumer behavior. The models highlight the hidden potential of energy savings from policies that target the so-called behavioral anomalies. Neve...
Predicting corporate bankruptcy is a key task in financial risk management, and selecting a machine learning model with superior generalization performance is crucial for prediction accuracy. This study evaluates the effectiveness of k-fold cross-val...
We examine the measurement of country-level institutions in international accounting research. Despite a large body of literature linking national institutions to financial reporting outcomes, the construct validity and reliability of the institution...
Social networks have received considerable attention from the modal logic community. In this article, we study and characterize one of the most important principles in the field of social networks. Homophily, which means similarity breeds association...
Academic burnout is a psychological problem characterized by three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. This paper studies the internal structure of the MBI-SS, the most widely used instrument to assess bu...
Background: The use of digital media in childhood offers both opportunities and risks. Digital stressors—such as excessive screen time, constant availability, information overload, and social media pressures—affect primary school children...
Education, teaching, and learning topics, known to have gained an international dimension with technological developments, are still seen as the most discussed themes and subject to change. It is clear that in the 21st century, the increasing informa...
In bioprocess engineering the Qualtiy by Design (QbD) initiative encourages the use of models to define design spaces. However, clear guidelines on how models for QbD are validated are still missing. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview...
Model validation is essential for evaluating how reliably a machine learning model performs on unseen data, especially in imbalanced classification where performance estimates can be affected by an underrepresentation of the minority class. Cross-val...
Based on a SEIRD model (Susceptible, Exposed, Infective, Recovered and Deceased) for COVID-19 infection with a new parametrization using a high infection rate, and a low fatality, we define the model in System Dynamics, Python, and Specification and...
Aircraft noise, especially at takeoffs and landings, became a major environmental nuisance and a health hazard for the population around metropolitan airports. In the battle for a better quality of life, wellbeing, and health, aircraft noise models a...
Nowadays, there is growing interest in all the smart technologies that provide us with information and knowledge about the human environment. In the energy field, thanks to the amount of data received from smart meters and devices and the progress ma...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease globally. Current drugs only alleviate symptoms without halting disease progression, making rodent models essential for researching new therapies and understanding the...
Due to the complexity of district heating systems, improved novel methods of district heating network (DHN) simulation are still being introduced in the literature. The subject of validation strategies for DHN simulation models emerges as one that ha...
This paper adapts an existing techno–social agent-based model (ABM) in order to develop a new framework for spatially validating ABMs. The ABM simulates citizen opposition to locally unwanted land uses, using historical data from an energy infr...
Using moderate electric field (MEF) techniques, Ohmic heating (OH) provides the rapid and uniform heating of food products by applying electric fields to them. A range of theoretical Ohmic heating models have been studied by researchers, but model va...
The validation of numerical models is an important component of modeling to ensure reliability of model outputs under prescribed conditions. In river deltas, robust validation of models is paramount given that models are used to forecast land change...
Model validation is a challenging Machine Learning task, usually more difficult for consumer credit default models because of the availability of small datasets, the modeling of low-frequency events (imbalanced data), and the bias in the explanatory...
The need for simple, but accurate performance models of wind turbine generators (WTGs), photovoltaic (PV) plants, and battery energy storage systems (BESS) for various hybrid power plant (HPP) studies motivates the present work. Particularly, the dev...
Evaluating how the sources of uncertainty in solar modelling (e.g., input parameters, developed model chain) can influence the results’ accuracy is one of the main challenges when applied at high latitudes. In this study, a multi-stage validati...
The hydrodynamics of the TagusROFI (Regions of Freshwater Influence) is affected by the coastal upwelling, the estuarine tidal flow, the thermohaline circulation that is modulated by the Tagus freshwater discharge, and by its complex bathymetry. The...
Current challenges, such as climate change or military conflicts, show the great importance of urban supply infrastructures. In this context, an open question is how different scenarios and crises can be studied in silico to assess the interaction be...
Functional data is a common and important type in econometrics and has been easier and easier to collect in the big data era. To improve estimation accuracy and reduce forecast risks with functional data, in this paper, we propose a novel cross-valid...
Background: Simulation of business processes allows decision-makers to explore the implications and trade-offs of alternative approaches, policies and configurations. Trust in the simulation as a stand-in proxy of the real system depends on the valid...
This paper applies different methods of map comparison to quantify the characteristics of three different land change models. The land change models used for simulation are termed as “Stochastic Markov (St_Markov)”, “Cellular Automata Markov (CA_Mark...
Stainless-steel elements are increasingly used in a wide range of load-bearing structures due to their strength, minimal maintenance requirements, and aesthetic appearance. Their response differs from standard steels; therefore, it is necessary to ch...
Accurate modeling and simulation of lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton (LLRE) enables effective control resulting in enhanced performance and ensuring efficient rehabilitation. There are two primary objectives of this study. First is to validate t...
28 October 2020
The rising incidence of cutaneous melanoma over the past few decades has prompted substantial efforts to develop risk prediction models identifying people at high risk of developing melanoma to facilitate targeted screening programs. We review these...
The pseudocontinuum models of reactions in packed beds are complicated, and an assessment of the reliability of the predictability of their numerical solution is difficult. The predictability reliability depends on validity and verifiability, whereas...
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) is fundamental to shallow groundwater processes. There is an ongoing need for observed and model validated Ksat values. A study was initiated in a representative catchment of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed in the...
Medical Cyber-Physical Systems (MCPS) are context-aware, life-critical systems with patient safety as the main concern, demanding rigorous processes for validation to guarantee user requirement compliance and specification-oriented correctness. In th...
Cancer and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) display an inverse relationship, and there is a need to further explore this interplay. One key genetic contributor to AD is SORL1, the loss of which is thought to be causally related to AD development. SORL1...
In this study, we consider the construction of through-the-cycle (“TTC”) PD models designed for credit underwriting uses and point-in-time (“PIT”) PD models suitable for early warning uses, considering which validation element...
In this paper, we investigate a validation process in order to assess the predictive capabilities of a single degree-of-freedom oscillator. Model validation is understood here as the process of determining the accuracy with which a model can predict...
The aim of this paper is to present a novel and comprehensive methodology for the dynamic modeling and experimental validation of a photovoltaic/thermal system. The dynamic model is divided into thermal and electrical subsystems, encompassing the pho...
The present paper defines and assesses a new simplified method to represent the photovoltaic (PV) modules’ electrical behavior, based on the commonly used one diode and three parameters (1D + 3P) model, addressing two main objectives. The first one i...
Background: Stroke is a highly prevalent disease that can provoke severe disability. We evaluate a predictive model based on the Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS) compiled by the Spain Health Ministry, obtained for the period 2008–2012 for patients...
This study presents and systematizes a high-reliability measurement and technological dataset suitable for prediction-based validation of the Spent Fuel Interim Storage Facility (SFISF) of the Paks Nuclear Power Plant. The primary objective of this d...
3D city models (3DCMs) are increasingly used in urban simulations, cadastral workflows, and digital building permit processes, and automated validation of these models has become a routine requirement. Existing validation services typically produce d...
Quantitative structure–activity/property relationship (QSAR/QSPR) is a well-established methodology widely used to model molecular properties based on structure and is applied in fields such as drug design and environmental protection. The know...
The development of risk models for managing portfolios of financial institutions and insurance companies requires, both from the regulatory and management points of view, a strong validation of the quality of the results provided by internal risk mod...
Model validation for complex simulation models with multivariate functional responses poses significant challenges, as it involves the dual coupling of physical correlations among variables and field correlations in time-series data. A novel Autoenco...
Background: The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is one of medicine’s most data-rich Internet of Things (IoT) environments, and monitoring digital twins (DTs) that predict clinical events from continuously acquired physiologic streams are a...
New planning tools are required to depict the complete building stock in a city and investigate detailed measures on reaching local and global targets to improve energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. To pursue this objective, ISO (th...
This paper deals with the empirical validation of a building thermal model of a complex roof including a phase change material (PCM). A mathematical model dedicated to PCMs based on the heat apparent capacity method was implemented in a multi-zone bu...
Automated fault detection and diagnosis (AFDD) tools based on machine-learning algorithms hold promise for lowering cost barriers for AFDD in small commercial buildings; however, access to high-quality training data for such algorithms is often diffi...
A disconnect remains between high-fidelity physical-characteristic simulation and upper-level validation in RF system design. High-fidelity simulations can accurately characterize key physical effects, such as frequency response, noise, and nonlinear...
Among 3D models, Building Information Models (BIM) can potentially support the integrated management of buildings’ physical and legal aspects in cadastres. However, there is not a systematic approach to author the cadastral information into the BIM m...
The main aim of structural safety control is the multiple assessments of the expected dam behaviour based on models and the measurements and parameters that characterise the dam’s response and condition. In recent years, there is an increase in the u...
Compared to the literature on quantitative and statistical modelling, there is a lack of research on qualitative environmental-related modelling, which focuses on a conceptual-theory-based model. Therefore, this paper attempts to formulate a qualitat...
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