The skin serves as an important barrier protecting the body from physical, chemical and pathogenic hazards as well as regulating the bi-directional transport of water, ions and nutrients. In order to improve the knowledge on skin structure and functi...
Human migration involves the relocation of individuals, households or moving groups between geographical locations. Aggregate spatial patterns of movement reflect complex interactions among motivations (such as distance, identity, economic opportunit...
With collaborative robots and the recent developments in manufacturing technologies, physical interactions between humans and robots represent a vital role in performing collaborative tasks. Most previous studies have focused on robot motion planning...
The modelling of trust values on agents is broadly considered fundamental for decision-making in human-autonomous teaming (HAT) systems. Compared to the evaluation of trust values for robotic agents, estimating human trust is more challenging due to...
Coastal and estuarine morphogenetic evolution has been affected by anthropogenic activities. Human activities have become an important external force for the future prediction of morphological evolution in ecosystem health. We have reviewed the exist...
International agreements on climate change have highlighted the role of land in climate and human dynamics, making it an issue of global importance. The modelling of land-related processes, sectors, and activities has recently become a central topic...
Sustainability science strives to hone our ability to tackle problems that involve interconnected economic, social, and environmental systems. Addressing the root causes of these problems requires a more nuanced understanding of how human behaviour c...
Pedestrian bridges, which are essential in urban and rural infrastructures, are vulnerable to vibrations induced by pedestrian traffic owing to their low mass, stiffness, and damping. This paper presents a novel predictive model of Human-Structure In...
The issue of the quantification of thermal comfort or heat stress on humans is in vogue nowadays. This is evident for indices, which are trying to quantify these effects. Most known indices are PET, modified PET, SET*, PT and UTCI. All thermal indice...
A novel model of heat and moisture transfer in human-chemical protective clothing-environment is proposed to predict the human physiological regulatory response wearing chemical protective clothing (CPC). The human thermal model is developed by divid...
In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for portable power sources as people are required to carry more equipment for occupational, military, or recreational purposes. The energy harvesting backpack that moves relative to the human body,...
As collaborative robots (cobots) increasingly share workspaces with humans, ensuring safe physical human–robot interaction (pHRI) has become paramount. This systematic review addresses safety assessment in pHRI, focussing on the industrial fiel...
Dynamic positioning (DP) systems are essential to maritime operations, as they ensure precise station keeping. Yet human error remains a major contributor to DP incidents, often interacting with technical failures and environmental conditions. This s...
4 March 2023
The health effects of particles are directly related to their deposition patterns (deposition site and amount) in human airways. However, estimating the particle trajectory in a large-scale human lung airway model is still a challenge. In this work,...
Human stem cell research is entering a stage where disease modeling, translational applications, and clinical therapies are increasingly connected. This editorial provides an overview of the contributions included in this Special Issue, titled &ldquo...
The continuous evolution of video technologies is now primarily focused on enhancing 3D video paradigms and consistently improving their quality, realism, and level of immersion. Both the research community and the industry work towards improving 3D...
A large percentage of musculoskeletal disorder cases occur in brewing companies. The aim of this research study is to evaluate the risk of injuries for workers in the local brewing industry by integrating the actual human motion, which was captured b...
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common and highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition with complex biological underpinnings. Despite substantial progress in identifying genetic and neurobiological correlates, the cellular...
Women commonly take medication during lactation. Currently, there is little information about the exposure-related safety of maternal medicines for breastfed infants. The aim was to explore the performance of a generic physiologically-based pharmacok...
Hybrid frameworks combine structural modelling, machine learning, and explainable artificial intelligence (AI) to evaluate human–AI Strategic Decision Support Systems (SDSSs). However, their methodological reliability requires systematic assess...
The hair follicle is a specialized appendage of the skin that is critical for multiple functions, including thermoregulation, immune surveillance, and sebum production. Mammals are born with a fixed number of hair follicles that develop embryonically...
Green Human Resources Management (GHRM) is an alignment of traditional human resource practices such as strategies, policies, procedures, and rules to the latest green and sustainable environment responsive practices. Unlike corporates, the adoption...
The head is one of the most sun-exposed anatomical zones and its ultraviolet (UV) exposure is often underestimated. The goal of this research is to quantify the solar erythemal UV protection provided by human hair for different orientations and Solar...
More than one hundred herpesviruses have been isolated from different species so far, with nine infecting humans. Infections with herpesviruses are characterized by life-long latency and represent a significant challenge for human health. To investig...
The emergence and recent development of collaborative robots have introduced a safer and more efficient human–robot collaboration (HRC) manufacturing environment. Since the release of COBOTs, a great amount of research efforts have been focused...
Background: Hospital nurses and caregivers are reported to have the highest number of workplace injuries every year, which directly leads to missed days of work, a large amount of compensation costs, and staff shortage issues in the healthcare indust...
For obvious reasons, such as, e.g., ethical concerns or sample accessibility, model systems are of highest importance to study the underlying molecular mechanisms of human maladies with the aim to develop innovative and effective therapeutic strategi...
Stationary occupants modify the vibration of lightweight floors and grandstands, yet predicted responses depend on how the stationary human is represented. This study examines model-form effects among a conventional separative model (SM), a reduced i...
The impact of microorganisms on human health has long been acknowledged and studied, but recent advances in research methodologies have enabled a new systems-level perspective on the collections of microorganisms associated with humans, the human mic...
The availability of appropriate and reliable in vitro cell models recapitulating human cardiovascular diseases has been the aim of numerous researchers, in order to retrace pathologic phenotypes, elucidate molecular mechanisms, and discover therapies...
Working at and above head height with a power tool represents a common activity in craft and assembly applications. To assist and protect the user from overload and injuries in these situations, the development and use of application-specific support...
Recent advancements in stem cell biology and tissue engineering have revolutionized the field of neurodegeneration research by enabling the development of sophisticated in vitro human brain models. These models, including 2D monolayer cultures, 3D or...
Increasing wildfires are causing global concerns about ecosystem functioning and services. Although some wildfires are caused by natural ignitions, it is also important to understand how human ignitions and human-related factors can contribute to wil...
Meniscal root repair is not routinely recommended for patients over 75 years old, yet surrogate age-unrestricted human or porcine models are used for its evaluation. This study assesses the suitability of older human or porcine meniscus models for in...
Human body detection is very important in the research of automotive safety technology. The extraction and analysis of human micro-motion based on frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar is gradually receiving attention. Aimed at the modulat...
Human adenovirus (HAdV) infections cause a wide variety of clinical symptoms, ranging from mild upper respiratory tract disease to lethal outcomes, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. To date, neither widely available vaccines nor approved...
Since musculoskeletal disorders are one of the most common work-related diseases for assemblers and machine operators, it is crucial to find new ways to alleviate the physical load on workers. Support systems such as exoskeletons or handheld power to...
Well-developed mouse models are important for understanding the pathogenesis and progression of immunological response to viral infections in humans. Moreover, to test vaccines, anti-viral drugs and therapeutic agents, mouse models are fundamental fo...
Reconstructing three-dimensional (3D) human poses is an essential step in human body
animation. The purpose of this paper is to fill the gap in virtual reality research by reconstructing
postures in a high-precision human model. This paper presents a n...
Autoimmune diseases arise from a breakdown of immune tolerance and complex interplay of genetic susceptibility, environmental triggers, tissue-specific immune responses, microbiota, and regulatory pathways. Mouse models remain essential for dissectin...
A range of sensors are used by human activity recognition (HAR) to identify the activities that people complete each day. The recognition of human activities has benefited greatly from machine learning (ML), as it has made many human activities more...
Metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is one of the most prevalent liver diseases and has no approved therapeutics. The high failure rates witnessed in late-phase MAFLD drug trials reflect the complexity of the disease, and h...
Today, it is recognized that medicines will eventually be needed during pregnancy to help prevent to, ameliorate or treat an illness, either due to gestation-related medical conditions or pre-existing diseases. Adding to that, the rate of drug prescr...
18 November 2022
In workplaces such as steel, power grids, and construction, firefighters and other workers often encounter non-uniform high-temperature environments, which significantly increase the risk of local heat stress and local heat discomfort for the workers...
The intricate relationships between humans and animals have long shaped philosophical, cultural and scientific inquiry. This narrative review examines evolving conceptions of animal consciousness, agency and sentience within broader historical, ethic...
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and its incidence is steadily increasing. Although years of research have been conducted on cancer treatment, clinical treatment options for cancers are still limited. Animal cancer models have...
Since human movement patterns are important for validating the performance of wireless networks, several traces of human movements in real life have been collected. However, collecting data about human movements is costly and time-consuming. Moreover...
The study of human–machine interaction as a unique control system was one of the first research interests in the engineering field, with almost a century having passed since the first works appeared in this area. At the same time, it is a cruci...
In the literature the value of the driver’s head acceleration has been widely used as an objective function for the modification of the suspension and/or the seat characteristics in order to optimize the ride comfort of a vehicle. For these opt...
Over the past three decades, immunodeficient mouse models carrying human immune cells, with or without human lymphoid tissues, termed humanized immune system (HIS) rodent models, have been developed to recapitulate the human immune system and associa...
of 1,170