Background: Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with static cages is a frequently performed procedure. Larger series focusing on the use of expandable TLIF spacers are less common. Methods: This retrospective, single-center observational co...
Analog signals from gas sensors are used to recognize all types of VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) substances, such as toxic gases, tobacco or ethanol. The processes to recognize these substances include acquisition, treatment and machine learning fo...
The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected the Latino population in the United States, further exacerbating the existing racial and ethnic health disparities that this group faces. While government health entities rushed to develop COVID-19 pr...
This study characterizes antibody and T-cell immune responses over time until the booster dose of COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) undergoing different disease-modifying treatments (DMTs). We pro...
Idiopathic epiretinal membranes (iERMs) are fibrocellular sheets of tissue that develop at the vitreoretinal interface. The iERMs consist of cells and an extracellular matrix (ECM) formed by a complex array of structural proteins and a large number o...
This study investigated the incidence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections (BIs) and the time to swab reversion in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) after the booster dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. We enrolled 64 PwMS who had com...
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains a major global health threat. Approximately one-quarter of the world’s population has an Mtb-specific immune response and are classified as having tuberculosis infection (TB...
12 December 2021
Medication safety administration is a complicated process involving the information of patients, drugs, and data storage. The sensitive data transmitted through wireless sensor networks (WSNs) from Internet of things (IoT) over an insecure channel is...
This paper presented a non-uniform multiphase (NUMP) time-to-digital converter (TDC) implemented in a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) with real-time automatic temperature compensation. NUMP-TDC is a novel, low-cost, high-performance TDC that has...
With ever-increasing wireless network demands, low-complexity reconfigurable filter design is expected to continue to require research attention. Extracting and reconfiguring channels of choice from multi-standard receivers using a generalized discre...
In this paper, synchronization and encrypted communication transmissions of analog and digital messages in a deterministic small-world network (DSWN) are presented. In the first instance, we use a network with 3 coupled nodes in a nearest-neighbor (N...
In this paper, I examine the ideas regarding image reception that can be extracted from the De altera uita, a theological treatise written by the Iberian bishop Lucas de Tui in ca. 1230. In this book, he devotes one chapter to rejecting the changes t...
This work compares the performance of two embedded FPGA controllers that can be used in Active Parallel Power Filters (APPF). Both controllers are validated through the FPGA-in-the-loop (FIL) technique, the algorithm’s synthesis is accomplished...
Dimensional verification of turbomachinery rotors requires traceable accuracy on functional data and dense coverage of freeform blades. This study quantifies the expanded measurement uncertainty (U95) for a centrifugal rotor inspected with a bridge-t...
In this paper, we review recent advances in reverse engineering with an emphasis on FPGA devices and experimentally verified advantages and limitations of reverse engineering tools. The paper first introduces essential components for programming Xili...
In this paper, a digital-to-time converter (DTC) based on the three delay lines (3D) Vernier principle is proposed and implemented with field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). Based on the 3D Vernier principle, the DTC is realized by three period app...
Electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), galvanic skin response (GSR), and electrocardiogram (ECG) are among the techniques developed for collecting psychophysiological data from humans. This study presents a feature extraction technique...
This paper introduces a real-time marker-based visual sensor architecture for mobile robot localization and navigation. A hardware acceleration architecture for post video processing system was implemented on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). T...
This article describes the implementation of a web server using an embedded Altera NIOS II IP core, a general purpose and configurable RISC processor which is embedded in a Cyclone FPGA. The processor uses the μCLinux operating system to support a Bo...
The main issue of ring oscillator physical unclonable functions (RO-PUF) is the existence of unstable ROs in response to environmental variations. The RO pairs with close frequency differences tend to contribute bit flips, reducing the reliability. R...
This paper proposes a novel three-phase two-level DC-AC inverter with significantly reduced common-mode voltage. The proposed inverter combines a conventional three-phase H7 configuration with a voltage multiplier network, effectively doubling the DC...
Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) is a critical interface for FPGA-based accelerators, yet existing controller solutions are often proprietary, costly, and/or incompatible with open-source workflows. We present a fully open-source PCIe...
Sensor devices that act in the IoT architecture perception layer are characterized by low data processing and storage capacity. These reduced capabilities make the system ubiquitous and lightweight, but considerably reduce its security. The IoT-based...
Enhancing the performance of the voltage source inverters (VSIs) without changing the hardware structure has recently acquired an increased amount of interest. In this study, an optimization algorithm, enhancing the quality of the output power and th...
Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is widely used for secure communications, because it can provide the same level of security as RSA with a much smaller key size. In constrained environments, it is important to consider efficiency, in terms of execut...
An all-digital voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)-based second-order multi-stage noise-shaping (MASH) ΔΣ time-to-digital converter (TDC) is presented in this paper. The prototype of the proposed TDC was implemented on an Altera Stratix I...
As one of the important components of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, QRS signal represents the basic characteristics of ECG signals. The detection of QRS waves is also an essential step for ECG signal analysis. In order to further meet the clinical...
This paper discusses a novel embedded system-on-chip 3D localization and mapping (eSoC-LAM) implementation, that followed a co-design approach with the primary aim of being deployed in a small system on a programmable chip (SoPC), the Intel’s (a.k.a...
Accurate models of power electronic converters can greatly enhance the accuracy of hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulators. This can result in faster and more cost-effective design cycles in industrial applications. This paper presents a detailed hardw...
This paper proposes a novel architecture of a wearable Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based platform to dynamically monitor Muscle Fiber Conduction Velocity (MFCV). The system uses a set of wireless sensors for the detection of muscular activat...
Hough Transform has been widely used for straight line detection in low-definition and still images, but it suffers from execution time and resource requirements. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) provide a competitive alternative for hardware a...
Nowadays, the sensor community has become wireless, increasing their potential and applications. In particular, these emerging technologies are promising for vehicles’ communications (V2V) to dramatically reduce the number of fatal roadway acci...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive illness with a slow start that lasts many years; the disease’s consequences are devastating to the patient and the patient’s family. If detected early, the disease’s impact and prognos...
Many embedded systems are introducing processing units to accelerate the processing speed of tasks, such as for multi-media applications. The units are mostly customized designs. Another method of designing multi-unit systems is using pre-defined sta...
Process variations during manufacturing lead to differences in the performance of the chips. In order to better utilize the performance of the chips, it is necessary to perform maximum operation frequency (
Artificial intelligence and machine learning workloads increasingly rely on dedicated hardware accelerators, including field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), which offer parallelism and reconfigurability. The hyperbolic tangent (tanh) is widely used...
The research into ring oscillator physically unclonable functions (RO-PUF) continues to expand due to its simple structure, ease of generating responses, and its promises of primitive security. However, a substantial study has yet to be carried out i...
Time–frequency analysis is critical in studying linear and non-linear signals that exhibit variations across both time and frequency domains. Such analysis not only facilitates the identification of transient events and extraction of key featur...
Edge computing (EC) faces unique security threats due to its distributed architecture, resource-constrained devices, and diverse applications, making it vulnerable to data breaches, malware infiltration, and device compromise. The mitigation strategi...
Finite impulse response (FIR) filters are explicitly used in decisive applications such as communication and signal processing areas. Advancement in the latest technologies necessitates specific designs with optimal characteristics. This research wor...
This study presents a nanosensor network system for autonomous microclimate optimization in precision horticulture, leveraging a field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based control architecture that is integrated with an edge-level machine learning in...
Synchronization is a crucial problem in the grid-connected inverter’s control and operation. A phase-locked loop (PLL) is a typical grid synchronization strategy, which ought to have a high resistance to power system uncertainties since its sen...
A stepper motor is usually operated in position open-loop control for simplicity. However, in order to improve the transient and steady-state performances of the stepper motor-based drive system, a high performance stepper motor drive system is usual...
Advances in the field of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) aim, among other applications, to improve the movement capacities of people suffering from the loss of motor skills. The main challenge in this area is to achieve real-time and accurate bio-si...
Cardiovascular diseases remain one of the most critical medical conditions worldwide, often resulting in severe complications that demand early and precise diagnosis. While previous studies have predominantly addressed cardiovascular disease predicti...
Ensuring the structural integrity of safety-critical systems, from aerospace to civil infrastructure, demands continuous, real-time strain monitoring under stringent security and power constraints. The integration of cryptographic circuits with Inter...
Practical training on embedded systems is a very good way to assess the skills of students in firmware development, real-time programming and hardware–software co-design. However, many low- and middle-income institutions still use closed, propr...
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a unique imaging radar system that is capable of obtaining high-resolution images by using signal-processing techniques while operating in all weather and in the absence of a light source. The potential of SAR in a w...
This article introduces an advanced theoretical approach, named the Trigonometric Kalman Filter (TKF), to enhance measurement accuracy for multi-head rotational encoders. Leveraging the processing capabilities of a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA...
Objectives: Insomnia is a highly prevalent sleep disorder involving complex neurochem-ical dysregulation; however, the spatial distribution of neurotransmitters and small-molecule metabolites across distinct brain microregions in the insomniac state...
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