Evidence has previously shown that outer tunics (turnout coats) worn by firefighters at structural fires are contaminated with harmful chemicals which subsequently off-gas from the material. However, there is limited research on whether this phenomen...
Ascidians and their associated microbiota are prolific producers of bioactive marine natural products. Recent culture-independent studies have revealed that the tunic of the solitary ascidian Cionaintestinalis (sea vase) is colonized by a diverse bac...
Halocynthia roretzi, a member of Ascidiacea, is covered with its own tunic, which is composed of polysaccharides, such as cellulose Iβ and sulfated chitin. H. roretzi has an open-vessel system, whose blood vessels and hemocytes are found in the...
Halocynthia aurantium, an edible ascidian species, has not been studied scientifically, even though tunicates and ascidians are well-known to contain several unique and biologically active materials. The current study investigated the fatty acid prof...
Marine tunicates are identified as a potential source of marine natural products (MNPs), demonstrating a wide range of biological properties, like antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The symbiotic relationship between tunicates and specific micr...
Tunicate is a kind of marine animal, and its outer sheath consists of almost pure Iβ crystalline cellulose. Due to its high aspect ratio, tunicate cellulose has excellent physical properties. It draws extensive attention in the construction of r...
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is the movement of genetic material between different species. Although HGT is less frequent in eukaryotes than in bacteria, several instances of HGT have apparently shaped animal evolution. One well-known example is th...
Tunicates or urochordates—comprising ascidians, larvaceans, and salps—are the only metazoans that can synthesize cellulose, a biological function usually associated with bacteria and plants but not animals. Tunicate cellulose or tunicine...
Tunicate nanocellulose with its unique properties, such as excellent mechanical strength, high crystallinity, and good biodegradability, has potential to be used for the preparation of light management film with tunable transmittance and haze. Herein...
Tunicates are widely distributed worldwide and are recognized as abundant marine bioresources with many potential applications. In this review, state-of-the-art studies on chemical composition analyses of various tunicate species were summarized; the...
Advanced methodologies for Botryllus schlosseri artificial seawater systems are needed to decrease dependency of large-scale culture on natural seawater and expand this important new model organism to more inland laboratories. We constructed two botr...
Herein, a one-pot strategy was used to prepare hydrophobic cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) surface-modified with tannic acid and octadecylamine. By this strategy, CNCs derived from wood (W-CNC) and tunicates (T-CNC) were modified in situ and incorporat...
A novel hydrogel scaffold for bone regeneration based on chitosan, selected for its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antimicrobial properties, was covalently functionalized with a bioactive peptide from bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to...
A new pyrrolopyrimidine alkaloid, rigidin E (1) and the known metabolites rigidin (2) and 1-methylherbipoline (3) have been isolated from a Papua New Guinea tunicate Eudistoma sp. A combination of spectroscopic data were used to determine the structu...
Marine tunicates are a very attractive and abundant source of secondary metabolites with chemical diversity and biological activity. Fractionation and purification of the organic extract of the Red Sea tunicate Didemnum species resulted in the isolat...
Five new bicyclic carboxylic acids were obtained by antibacterial activity-guided isolation from a Korean colonial tunicate Didemnum sp. Their structures were elucidated by the interpretation of NMR, MS and CD spectroscopic data. They all belong to t...
Clavelina oblonga is an invasive tropical tunicate recently introduced into the Adriatic Sea as a consequence of globalization and climate change. Mussel aquaculture sites provide an ideal environment for this colonial ascidian, where it has recently...
This paper presents load frequency control of the 2021 Egyptian power system, which consists of multi-source electrical power generation, namely, a gas and steam combined cycle, and hydro, wind and photovoltaic power stations. The simulation model in...
Ascidians are marine invertebrates associated with diverse microbial communities, embedded in their tunic, conferring special ecological and biotechnological relevance to these model organisms used in evolutionary and developmental studies. Next-gene...
In Asia, rice is the most consumed grain by humans, serving as a staple food in India. The yield of rice paddies is easily affected by nutrient deficiencies and leaf diseases. To overcome this problem and improve the yield productivity of rice, nutri...
In the present work, we aimed to explore the potential of two groups of marine invertebrates—sea cucumbers (Echinodermata) and ascidians (Chordata)—as sources of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and osteogenic compounds with potential to...
In order to replace traditional wound treatments such as sutures, tissue adhesives with strong wet tissue adhesion and biocompatibility have attracted more attention to the applications of non-invasive wound closure. Herein, inspired by tunicate adhe...
Investigation of the cytotoxic fractions of the ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth of the tunicate-derived Aspergillus sp. DY001 afforded two new dipeptides, asperopiperazines A and B (1 and 2), along with the previously reported compoun...
In this paper, we proposed a tunicate swarm algorithm based on Tent-Lévy flight (TLTSA) to avoid converging prematurely or failing to escape from a local optimal solution. First, we combined nine chaotic maps with the Lévy flight strategy to obtain n...
Throughout the ages, hair has had psychological and sociological importance in framing the personality and general appearance of an individual. Despite efforts to solve this problem, no groundbreaking measures have been proposed. Glycosaminoglycans (...
The input layer, hidden layer, and output layer are three models of neural processors that comprise feedforward neural networks. In this paper, an enhanced tunicate swarm algorithm based on a differential sequencing alteration operator (ETSA) with sy...
Airport gate assignment is a critical issue in airport operations management. However, limited airport parking spaces and rising fuel costs have caused serious issues with gate assignment. In this paper, an effective multiobjective optimisation model...
Generally, battery power is a valuable resource for mobile devices in a Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET). Therefore, energy efficiency and network lifetime should be taken into account when developing control strategies. However, designing an energy-eff...
As an evolutionary ancient component of the metazoan immune defense toolkit, the complement system can modulate cells and humoral responses of both innate and (in jawed vertebrates) adaptive immunity. All the three known complement-activation pathway...
The utilization of mobile learning continues to rise and has attracted many organizations, university environments and institutions of higher education all over the world. The cloud storage system consists of several defense issues since data securit...
Pod corn (Zea mays var. tunicata) bears leafy glumes that enclose kernels, resembling a partial reversion to wild-forms, yet remains poorly characterized in situ in Mexico. We evaluated Mexican accessions at two contrasting locations to quantify morp...
Allorecognition, the ability to distinguish self or kin from unrelated conspecifics, plays several important biological roles in invertebrate animals. Two of these roles include negotiating limited benthic space for colonial invertebrates, and inbree...
Styela clava is an edible sea squirt farmed in Korea that has gradually invaded other seas, negatively impacting the ecology and economy of coastal areas. Extracts from S. clava have shown wide bioactivities, and ascidians have the unique capability...
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) is a biogenic monoamine with pleiotropic functions. It exerts its roles by binding to specific 5-HT receptors (5HTRs) classified into different families and subtypes. Homologs of 5HTRs are widely present in inve...
Tunicates (ascidians) are common marine invertebrates that are an exceptionally important source of natural products with biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, including compounds that are used clinically in cancers. Among tunicates, the genus...
One of the effectual text classification approaches for learning extensive information is incremental learning. The big issue that occurs is enhancing the accuracy, as the text is comprised of a large number of terms. In order to address this issue,...
Tunicate orthologs in the human genome comprise just 84 genes of the 19,872 protein-coding genes and 23 of the 16,528 non-coding genes, yet they stand at the base of the Olfactores clade, which radiated to generate thousands of tunicate and vertebrat...
The structure and transport properties of the new Cellokon-AKH membrane based on animal cellulose obtained from tunic of ascidian Halocynthia aurantium were studied. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FTIR spectroscopy, and the X-ray...
In this paper, a new hybrid TSA-PSO algorithm is proposed that combines tunicate swarm algorithm (TSA) with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique for efficient maximum power extraction from a photovoltaic (PV) system subjected to partial sh...
Ascidians have developed multiple defensive strategies mostly related to physical, nutritional or chemical properties of the tunic. One of such is chemical defense based on secondary metabolites. We analyzed a series of colonial Antarctic ascidians f...
Tanjungides A (1) (Z isomer) and B (2) (E isomer), two novel dibrominated indole enamides, have been isolated from the tunicate Diazona cf formosa. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods including HRMS, and extensive 1D and 2D NMR....
Marine invertebrates have been reported to be an excellent resource of many novel bioactive compounds. Studies reported that Indonesia has remarkable yet underexplored marine natural products, with a high chemical diversity and a broad spectrum of bi...
A new sulfated sterol, phallusiasterol C (1), has been isolated from the Mediterranean ascidian Phallusia fumigata and its structure has been determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic (mainly 2D NMR) analysis. The possible role in regulating...
We document aggregations of an undescribed benthic solitary tunicate of the family Pyuridae from the Arabian Sea. This new genus was found forming dense thickets in shallow rocky substrates around Masirah Island and the Dhofar area in Oman. Such aggr...
The vertebrate intestinal system consists of separate segments that remarkably differ in morphology and function. However, the origin of intestinal segmentation remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the segmentation of the intestine in a tu...
Recently, the identification of human text and ChatGPT-generated text has become a hot research topic. The current study presents a Tunicate Swarm Algorithm with Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network (TSA-LSTMRNN) model to detect both human...
In this paper, the dynamic combined economic environmental dispatch problems (DCEED) with variable real transmission losses are tackled using four metaheuristics techniques. Due to the consideration of the valve-point loading effects (VPE), DCEED hav...
The swimming larva represents the dispersal phase of ascidians, marine invertebrates belonging to tunicates. Due to its adhesive papillae, the larva searches the substrate, adheres to it, and undergoes metamorphosis, thereby becoming a sessile filter...
Vertebrate mast cells are the first cells to initiate the inflammatory response. The origin of these highly specialised innate immunity cells in chordates is an intriguing unanswered question, and tunicates represent the best candidates to address th...
Deep-water contourite muds are an important component of many continental margin systems and are currently the focus of much interest amongst deep-water researchers. One outstanding gap in our knowledge of these systems is to understand and quantify...
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