164 Results Found

Traditional designs often ignore the effect of catalyst particle shape, which suffers from capturing detailed local flow hydrodynamics, mass transport and reaction behaviors, and further significantly affects reactor phenomena. This study aims to per...

Particle-resolved direct numerical simulation (PR-DNS) is known to provide an accurate detailed insight into the local flow phenomena in static particle arrays. Most PR-DNS studies in literature do not account for reactions taking place inside the po...

A common reactor type in the chemical and process industry is the fixed-bed reactor. Accurate modeling can be achieved with particle-resolved computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations. However, the underlying bed morphology plays a paramount role...

CFD-DEM (computational fluid dynamic-discrete element method) is a promising approach for simulating fluid–solid flows in fluidized beds. This approach generally under-predicts the granular temperature due to the use of drag models for the aver...

This study achieves the particle-resolved modeling of biomass pyrolysis via a novel approach of integrating the Discrete Element Method (DEM) with a semi-detailed chemical kinetic mechanism. By coupling CFD-DEM with a 36-step reaction network, the mu...

Mathematical modeling is the most important tool for constructing theories of different kinds of two-phase flows. This review is devoted to the analysis of the introduction of mathematical modeling to two-phase flows, where solid particles mainly ser...

Process intensification of catalytic fixed-bed reactors is of vital interest and can be conducted on different length scales, ranging from the molecular scale to the pellet scale to the plant scale. Particle-resolved computational fluid dynamics (CFD...

Heat transfer is a crucial aspect of thermochemical conversion of pulverized fuels. Over-predicting the heat transfer during heat-up leads to under-estimation of the ignition time, while under-predicting the heat loss during the char conversion leads...

Recent observational studies suggest that nucleation-scavenging is the principal path to removing black carbon-containing aerosol from the atmosphere, thus affecting black carbon’s lifetime and radiative forcing. Modeling the process of nucleation-sc...

Steel is an important product in many engineering sectors; however, steelmaking remains one of the largest CO2 emitters. Therefore, new governmental policies drive the steelmaking industry toward a cleaner and more sustainable operation such as the g...

Solid particles immersed in a fluid can be found in many engineering, environmental or medical fields. Applications are suspensions, sedimentation processes or procedural processes in the production of medication, food or construction materials. Whil...

Particle settling is the process by which particulates move toward the bottom of a liquid, which can affect the sediment transport and energy balance of marine systems. However, the deficiency in understanding the resolved fluid–particle intera...

Airborne micro- and nanoplastic particles (MNPs) are increasingly recognized as a potential occupational exposure hazard, yet substance-specific workplace data remain limited. This study quantified airborne MNP concentrations during polyester microfi...

In cake filtration processes, where particles in a suspension are separated by forming a filter cake on the filter medium, the resistances of filter cake and filter medium cause a specific pressure drop which consequently defines the process energy e...

Detecting low concentrations of biomarkers is essential in clinical laboratories. To improve analytical sensitivity, especially in identifying fluorescently labeled molecules, typical optical detection systems, consisting of a photodetector or camera...

The emerging field of nanomedicine provides new approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, for symptom relief and for monitoring of disease progression. One route of realizing this approach is through carefully constructed nanoparticles....

This study presents a comprehensive discrete element method (DEM) simulation approach for the stretching of a filter fiber with a separated polydisperse particle structure on top. For a realistic interaction between the fiber surface and the particle...

Compressive sensing (CS) is capable of resolving high frequencies from subsampled data. However, it is challenging to apply CS in non-periodic flow fields with multiple frequencies. This study introduces a novel data fusion CS approach aimed at recon...

A novel approach to detecting and tracking a moving target using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is proposed in this paper. Achieved with the particle filter (PF) based track-before-detect (TBD) algorithm, the approach is capable of detecting a...

Detection and characterization of particles in the visible and subvisible size range is critical in many fields of industrial research. Commercial particle analysis systems have proliferated over the last decade. Despite that growth, most systems con...

The resolution of an optical microscope is determined by the overall point spread function of the system. When examining structures significantly smaller than the wavelength of light, the contribution of the background or surrounding environment can...

The synthesis of ribosomes involves the correct folding of the pre-ribosomal RNA within pre-ribosomal particles. The first ribosomal precursor or small subunit processome assembles stepwise on the nascent transcript of the 35S gene. At the earlier st...

The advanced statistical techniques for qualitative and quantitative validation of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) of turbulent flow within and above a two-dimensional street canyon are presented. Time-resolved data from 3D LES are compared with those ob...

The simulation of surface resolved particles is a valuable tool to gain more insights in the behaviour of particulate flows in engineering processes. In this work the homogenized lattice Boltzmann method as one approach for such direct numerical simu...

It is widely accepted that protein-based particles can efficiently stabilize foams and emulsions. However, it is not fully elucidated which particle properties are decisive for the stabilization of air/water and oil/water interfaces. To unravel this...

Colloidal self-assembly into highly ordered binary systems represents a versatile and inexpensive approach to generate well defined surface topographical features with submicron resolution. In addition, the use of surface-functionalized particles whe...

The homogenized lattice Boltzmann method (HLBM) has emerged as a flexible computational framework for studying particulate flows, providing a monolithic approach to modeling pure fluid flows and flows through porous media, including moving solid and...

Compared to animal cells, plant cells are typically non-spherical, which may bias morphometric and fluorimetric analyses, including flow cytometry and other approaches used in the study of cellular biodiversity. The morphometric study of cotyledonary...

In this study, a first approach to model drop size distributions in agitated nanoparticle-stabilized liquid/liquid systems with population balance equations is presented. Established coalescence efficiency models fail to predict the effect of steric...

Short-range forces enable peridynamics to simulate impact, yet it demands a computationally expensive contact search and includes no intrinsic damping. A significantly more efficient solution is the coupled dual-horizon peridynamics–discrete el...

The quality of additively manufactured (AM) parts is determined by the applied process parameters used and the properties of the feedstock powder. The influence of inner gas pores in feedstock particles on the final AM product is a phenomenon which i...

Two approaches related to the centrality determination in heavy-ion Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) experiments, using charge-particles multiplicity in Time Projection Chamber (TPC) and the energy deposition in Forward Hadron Calorimeter (FHCal) are dis...

We investigate the nanometrology of sub-nanometre particle sizes in industrially manufactured sodium silicate liquors at high pH using time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy. Rather than the previous approach of using a single dye label, we investigat...

The quest for the physical mechanisms underlying turbulent high-speed jet flows is underpinned by the extraction of spatio-temporal coherent structures from their flow fields. Experimental measurements to enable data decomposition need to comprise ti...

This paper presents an efficient mesoscale simulation of a Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) process using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. The efficiency lies in reducing the computational effort via spatial adaptivity, for which a dyn...

Many macromolecules are inherently flexible as a feature of their structure and function. During single-particle CryoEM processing, flexible protein regions can be detrimental to high-resolution reconstruction as signals from thousands of particles a...

Patterned membrane surfaces offer a hydrodynamic approach to mitigating concentration polarization and subsequent surface fouling. However, when subjected to steady crossflow conditions, surface patterns promote particle accumulation in the recircula...

Zeolites are widely used acid catalysts in research and in industrial processes. The catalytic performance of these materials is affected by the nature and concentration of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites. The balance between these types of acti...

This paper proposes a novel approach to implement an internal standard (IS) correction in single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP ICP-MS), as exemplified for the characterization of Au nanoparticles (NPs) in complex matrices....

The need to understand the process by which particles, including solar wind and coronal ions as well as pickup ions, are accelerated to high energies (ultimately to become anomalous cosmic rays) motivate a multi-fluid shock wave model which includes...

In the development and optimization of biotechnological cultivation processes the continuous monitoring through the acquisition and interpretation of spectral and morphological properties of bioparticles are challenging. There is therefore a need for...

Water, which is an intrinsic part of the exhaust gas of combustion engines, strongly inhibits the methane oxidation reaction over palladium oxide-based catalysts under lean conditions and leads to severe catalyst deactivation. In this combined experi...

The puzzle of the direct dark matter search can be resolved by examining the concept of «dark atoms», which consist of hypothetical stable lepton-like particles with a charge of −2n, where n is any natural number, bound to n nuclei...

Piezoelectric actuators are widely used in high-precision positioning systems. The nonlinear characteristics of piezoelectric actuators, such as multi-valued mapping and frequency-dependent hysteresis, severely limit the advancement of the positionin...

A detailed knowledge of the influence of a particle’s shape on its settling behavior is useful for the prediction and design of separation processes. Models in the available literature usually fit a given function to experimental data. In this work,...

Multiple-phase fluids’ simulation and 3D visualization comprise an important cooperative visualization subject between fluid dynamics and computer animation. Interactions between different fluids have been widely studied in both physics and com...

Polymer matrix tablets are an important drug-delivery system widely used for oral drug administration. Understanding the tablet hydration process, both experimentally and theoretically, is, thus, very important for the development of drug delivery sy...

The structural study of plant viruses is of great importance to reduce the damage caused by these agricultural pathogens and to support their biotechnological applications. Nowadays, X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy and cryo-electron microscop...

The pollution of the environment by plastics is a global problem that is real and needs to be resolved urgently. The authors argue that banning the use of plastic is not a reasonable and rational solution for the problem because plastics have many us...

This paper presents a lens-free imaging approach utilizing an array of light sources, capable of measuring the dielectric properties of many particles simultaneously. This method employs coplanar electrodes to induce velocity changes in flowing parti...