Cytotoxicity testing remains a cornerstone of modern toxicology, providing critical insight into how chemicals and drugs affect cell viability and function. Classical colorimetric assays such as MTT, LDH release, and neutral red uptake established th...
The increasing prohibition of animal testing for cosmetic products has driven the development of alternative approaches to ensure consumer safety. Skin sensitization is one of the most critical toxicological endpoints to evaluate, requiring rigorous...
Purpose: To review in vitro testing and simulation platforms that are in current use to predict in vivo performances of generic products as well as other situations to provide evidence for biowaiver and support drug formulations development. Methods:...
7 October 2022
Skin sensitization is an important regulatory endpoint associated with allergic contact dermatitis. Recently, several adverse outcome pathway (AOP)-based alternative methods were developed to replace animal testing for evaluating skin sensitizers. Th...
There are thousands of chemicals that humans can be exposed to in their everyday environments, the majority of which are currently understudied and lack substantial testing for potential exposure and toxicity. This study aimed to implement in silico...
Loss-of-function long QT (LQT) mutations inducing LQT1 and LQT2 syndromes have been successfully translated to human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) used as disease-specific models. However, their in vitro investigati...
V-agents are exceedingly toxic nerve agents. Recently, it was highlighted that V-agents constitute a diverse subclass of compounds with most of them not extensively studied. Although chemical weapons have been banned under the Chemical Weapons Conven...
Multidrug-resistant bacteria have complicated the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases; their microbial resistance stems from the indiscriminate use of medications and the transfer of resistance genes. Varronia curassavica Jacq., a plant traditiona...
Humans are widely exposed to a great variety of mycotoxins and their mixtures. Therefore, it is important to design strategies that allow prioritizing mycotoxins based on their toxic potential in a time and cost-effective manner. A strategy combining...
Germline BRCA1/2 alteration has been linked to an increased risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndromes. As a result, genetic testing, based on NGS, allows us to identify a high number of variants of uncertain significance (VUS) or conflic...
Ethnopharmacology, through the description of the beneficial effects of plants, has provided an early framework for the therapeutic use of natural compounds. Natural products, either in their native form or after crude extraction of their active ingr...
Lycium shawii Roem. & Schult and resin of Aloe vera (L.) BURM. F. are commonly used in Omani traditional medication against various ailments. Herein, their antiproliferative and antioxidant potential was explored. Bioassay-guided fractionation of...
For thousands of years, medicinal plants have played a pivotal role in maintaining human health and improving the quality of human life. This study was designed to analyze the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial potentials of a hydro-meth...
Background/Objectives: Proinsulin, the precursor to insulin, has limited activity on the insulin receptor. Proinsulin levels increase with increasing insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes due to incomplete processing by the β-cell. To assess whe...
In this article, we present the design and synthesis of novel compounds, containing in their molecules an L-valine residue and a 4-[(4-bromophenyl)sulfonyl]phenyl moiety, which belong to N-acyl-α-amino acids, 4H-1,3-oxazol-5-ones, 2-acylamino k...
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of solid dispersion (SD) formulation factors on improvement of the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile of clopidogrel after peroral administration using an in vitro–in silico approa...
Almost a decade after the stipulated deadline in the 7th amendment to the EU Cosmetics Directive, which bans the marketing of animal-tested cosmetics in the EU from 2013, animal experimentation for cosmetic-related purposes remains a topic of animate...
Background: Pathogenic germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants cause most hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. Widespread genetic testing has revealed thousands of variants with unknown effects on disease risk, known as variants of uncertain significance...
A series of eleven new N-alkyl 3-(3-benzyloxyquinoxalin-2-yl) propanamides were prepared based on the azide coupling of 3-(3-benzyloxyquinoxalin-2-yl) propanhydrazide with a variety of primary and secondary amines and the consequent conjunction of a...
Sex determination in birds, due to the very common lack of sexual dimorphism, is challenging. Therefore, molecular sexing is often the only reliable way to differentiate between the sexes. However, for many bird species, very few genetic markers are...
Leptospirosis is responsible for hampering the productivity of swine husbandry worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of bioinformatics tools in predicting the three-dimensional structure and immunogenicity of recombinant LigBCon...
Inflammation of the bile ducts and surrounding tissues can impede bile flow from the liver into the intestines. If this occurs, a plastic or self-expanding metal (SEM) stent is placed to restore bile drainage. United States (US) Food and Drug Adminis...
Background: Genetic testing for long QT syndrome (LQTS) is straightforward in many families; however, in severe and complex cases, a single disease-causing variant may not be enough to explain all clinical features. In such cases, the search for gene...
The aim of our research was to understand the impact of ochratoxin A (OTA) exposure on various physiological and behavioral aspects in adult Wistar rats, and to evaluate the efficacy of a Syzygium aromaticum essential oil (EOC) treatment in restoring...
27 July 2022
Akkermansia muciniphila is a Gram-negative intestinal anaerobic bacterium recently proposed as a novel probiotic candidate to be incorporated in food and pharmaceutical forms. Despite its multiple health benefits, the data addressing its antimicrobia...
Background: Whole genome sequencing of clinical bacterial isolates holds promise in predicting their susceptibility to antibiotic therapy, based on a detailed understanding of the phenotypic manifestation of genotypic variation. The aac(6′) ami...
27 September 2022
In the search for a new anti-MRSA lead compound, emodin was identified as a good lead against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Emodin serves as a new scaffold to design novel and effective anti-MRSA agents. Because rational drug di...
One of the challenges of modern biotechnology is to find new routes to mitigate the resistance to conventional antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an alternative type of biomolecules, naturally present in a wide variety of organisms, with...
Musculoskeletal models and computational simulations are increasingly employed in clinical and research settings, as they provide insights into human biomechanics by estimating quantities that cannot be easily measured in vivo (e.g., joint contact fo...
Steroidal compounds that contain a heterocyclic ring or heteroatom in their structure usually possess good anticancer activity. The main goal of modern medicinal chemistry is to find new potent agonists or antagonists of naturally occurring hormones...
High-throughput in-silico techniques help us understand the role of individual proteins, protein–protein interaction, and their biological functions by corroborating experimental data as epitomized biological networks. The objective of this inv...
Background: Fatigue failure of artificial leaflets significantly limits the durability of prosthetic valves. However, the costs and complexities associated with in vitro testing and conventional clinical trials to investigate the fatigue life of leaf...
In this study, a stepwise reaction afforded thiazolidinone-based benzothiazole derivatives 1–15, and the synthesized derivatives were then screened for biological significance and found to be the leading candidates against α-amylase and &...
Chromenes are compounds that may be useful for inhibiting topoisomerase and cytochrome, enzymes involved in the growth of cancer and fungal cells, respectively. The aim of this study was to synthesize a series of some novel 2-amino-3-cyano-4-aryl-6,7...
The honey bee Apis mellifera L. colony is headed by a single and indispensable queen, whose duty it is to ensure brood production and provide pheromonal stability within the colony. This study presents a non-invasive method that allows the identifica...
Ni-Ti alloys are widely used for biomedical applications due to their superelastic properties, which are especially convenient for endovascular devices that require minimally invasive insertion and durable effects, such as peripheral/carotid stents a...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and is the most common type of dementia. Although a considerably large amount of money has been invested in drug development for AD, no disease modifying treatment has been det...
In angiosperms, huge advances in massive DNA sequencing technologies have impacted phylogenetic studies. Probe sets have been developed with the purpose of recovering hundreds of orthologous loci of targeted DNA sequences (TDS) across different plant...
The COVID-19 pandemic began in 2019, but it is still active. The development of an effective vaccine reduced the number of deaths; however, a treatment is still needed. Here, we aimed to inhibit viral entry to the host cell by inhibiting spike (S) pr...
In silico tools which predict the dissolution of pharmaceutical dosage forms using virtual matrices can be validated with virtual matrices based on X-ray micro-computed tomography images of real pharmaceutical formulations. Final processed images of...
Nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) are ubiquitous in the environment due to their extensive industrial applications. The recalcitrance of NACs causes their arduous degradation, subsequently bringing about potential threats to human health and environment...
Fibrosis is the strongest predictor for disease-specific mortality in non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD), but the need for liver biopsy limits its diagnosis. We assessed the performance of plasma ficolin-2 (FCN-2) as a biomarker of fibrosis i...
The effectiveness of chemotherapy in cancer cell regression is often limited by drug resistance, toxicity, and neoplasia heterogeneity. However, due to the significant complexities entailed by the many cancer growth processes, predicting the impact o...
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, which makes it a very impactful malignancy in the society. Breast cancers can be classified through different systems based on the main tumor features and gene, protein, and cell receptors ex...
A physiologically based biopharmaceutic model (PBBM) of a modified-release formulation of theophylline (Uniphyllin Continus® 200 mg tablet) was developed and implemented to predict the pharmacokinetic (PK) data of healthy male volunteers by integ...
In the present work, we explored if Coca-Cola® had a beneficial impact on the systemic outcome of the weakly basic drug loratadine (Wal-itin®, immediate-release formulation, 10 mg, generic drug product). To map the contribution of underlying physiolo...
The naphthoquinone juglone (5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione) (1) occurs abundantly in nature, especially in species belonging to the Juglandaceae family. Due to its multifaceted biological activities, this compound is considered a privileged structure...
Because of their topical application in patients and meaningful UV/VIS absorptive properties, the degradation and potential toxicity under irradiation of diflunisal (DIF) and naphazoline (NAF) were studied. In addition, the impact of pH on their phot...
The Ames/quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) International Challenge Projects, held during 2014–2017 and 2020–2022, evaluated the performance of various predictive models. Despite the significant insights gained, the...
Nanotheranostics constitute a novel drug delivery system approach to improving systemic, brain-targeted delivery of diagnostic imaging agents and pharmacological moieties in one rational carrier platform. While there have been notable successes in th...
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