Journal Description
Medical Sciences Forum
Medical Sciences Forum
is an open access journal dedicated to publishing findings resulting from academic conferences, workshops and similar events in all areas of medical sciences, for advances in basic, translational and clinical research and related disciplines. The conference organizers and proceedings editors are responsible for managing the peer-review process and selecting papers for conference proceedings.
Latest Articles
Monitoring the Effects of Transboundary Water Pollution in Imperial Beach, California
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 25(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024025014 - 12 Dec 2024
Abstract
Transboundary water pollution is a major global challenge as its movement and impacts remain unsurveyed. Monitoring pollution along international borders can reveal some of the pathways by which sewage and chemicals enter water bodies, and can hence advance the implementation of measures to
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Transboundary water pollution is a major global challenge as its movement and impacts remain unsurveyed. Monitoring pollution along international borders can reveal some of the pathways by which sewage and chemicals enter water bodies, and can hence advance the implementation of measures to prevent leakages and discharges into international waters. In this paper, we surveyed the impacts of sewage pollution and chemicals along the U.S.–Mexico international border, using Imperial Beach (California) as a main case study. Pollution was primarily attributed to the inflow of contaminated waters from the neighboring city of Tijuana (Mexico), where a malfunctioning wastewater treatment plant and a lack of sewage pipes being upgraded have caused direct leakage and toxic discharges into the Tijuana River. Reported effects from water pollution at the Tijuana River estuary in Imperial Beach include frequent beach closure, damages to coastal ecosystems, negative impacts on the fishery industry, and several effects on the health of beach users and surfers. Hence, the situation requires urgent measures oriented at coastal management at the mouth of the Tijuana River as well as the consistent monitoring and reporting of human health effects linked to beach uses.
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Abstracts of the 2nd International Electronic Conference on Clinical Medicine (ECCM 2024)
by
Emmanuel Andrès and Kent Doi
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 28(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024028001 - 22 Nov 2024
Abstract
The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Clinical Medicine: Chronic Diseases—Current State and Future Trends (ECCM 2024) was organized by MDPI and MDPI Journal of Clinical Medicine and took place online from 13 to 15 November 2024. This conference report is an abstract collection
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The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Clinical Medicine: Chronic Diseases—Current State and Future Trends (ECCM 2024) was organized by MDPI and MDPI Journal of Clinical Medicine and took place online from 13 to 15 November 2024. This conference report is an abstract collection from different sessions of ECCM 2024.
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
A Machine Learning-Based Risk Prediction Model During Pregnancy in Low-Resource Settings
by
Kapil Tomar, Chandra Mani Sharma, Tanisha Prasad and Vijayaraghavan M. Chariar
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 25(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024025013 - 18 Nov 2024
Abstract
Maternal health is a serious concern for many nations due to a lack of appropriate healthcare facilities, healthcare staff, and late diagnoses of life-threatening diseases. Pregnant women suffer with numerous challenges during the pregnancy and childbirth. Non-communicable diseases, a lack of nutrition in
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Maternal health is a serious concern for many nations due to a lack of appropriate healthcare facilities, healthcare staff, and late diagnoses of life-threatening diseases. Pregnant women suffer with numerous challenges during the pregnancy and childbirth. Non-communicable diseases, a lack of nutrition in diets, and unawareness of the risks associated with pregnancy are the primary reasons for these challenges. Sometimes these reasons become a direct cause of maternal mortality as well. Awareness of the risks and early detection may contribute to a reduction in maternal deaths during pregnancy and childbirth. Various ICTs have been incorporated into the healthcare industry to diagnose the issue as quickly as is feasible and an appropriate remedy can be initiated to treat diseases. Machine Learning (ML) techniques have the potential to predict the probable risk factors for timely interventions; however, challenge arises when the data are limited and unstructured. The Decision Tree (DT), Naive Bayes (NB), Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) algorithms, with 10-fold cross validation, are used in this study. The dataset utilized in this study included both the present and past medical histories and important vitals of pregnant women. With a test score of 98.8%, the Decision Tree (DT) algorithm outperformed other algorithms, according to the results. Based on the predicted result, pregnant women can consult with medical specialists for their consultation to reduce the potential difficulties in the near future.
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Nutritional Protein Value of Flours via LC-MS/MS Analysis
by
Maria João Nunes, Catarina V. Esteves, Mário Diniz, João Paulo Noronha and Luis C. Branco
Med. Sci. Forum 2023, 23(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2023023010 - 20 Sep 2024
Abstract
The growth of the world’s population and the reduction in the average annual global individual carbon footprint are current issues. With the aim of assessing nutritional protein values, we developed a sensitive analytical methodology for the identification and quantification of amino acids. Strategies
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The growth of the world’s population and the reduction in the average annual global individual carbon footprint are current issues. With the aim of assessing nutritional protein values, we developed a sensitive analytical methodology for the identification and quantification of amino acids. Strategies have been developed to reduce sample complexity and improve detection for analysis by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The method is suitable for the purpose and is a useful tool for protein value assessment, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
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(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Meeting Molecules 4 Life)
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The Epidemiology of Hepatitis in the Marche Region (Italy): A Notification System over a Decade (2012–2021)
by
Cosimo Damiano Giorgio Mangino, Corinna Fortunato, Love Chibuzor Ilochonwu, Andrea Mazzacchera, Davide Mengarelli detto Rinaldini, Giulia Mercante, Andrea Paladini and Fabio Filippetti
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 25(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024025012 - 29 Aug 2024
Abstract
The World Health Organization has highlighted the substantial impact of viral hepatitis on individuals, healthcare systems, and economies worldwide. This study’s objective is to monitor disease notifications to assess their trends. Data from infectious disease notifications detected in the Marche Region (Italy) were
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The World Health Organization has highlighted the substantial impact of viral hepatitis on individuals, healthcare systems, and economies worldwide. This study’s objective is to monitor disease notifications to assess their trends. Data from infectious disease notifications detected in the Marche Region (Italy) were analyzed and entered into the Nuovo Sistema Informativo Sanitario portal between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2021. In this period, there were 399 confirmed reports, of which 47.9% were for hepatitis A, 26.8% were for hepatitis B, 7% were for hepatitis C, and 18.3% were for hepatitis E; 67.4% of the afflicted individuals were male, and the average age was 43.5 years old. The year with the highest peak was 2017, accounting for 18% of the reports, while the year with the lowest number was 2020, followed by 2021, accounting for 3.8% and 4.5%, respectively. Effective surveillance systems are key to combating the spread of hepatitis and reducing its impact, although they have been affected by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, with many cases remaining undetected.
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Open AccessConference Report
Abstracts of the 2023 Autumn Meeting of the British Society for Cardiovascular Research
by
Carolyn Carr
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 27(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024027003 - 28 Aug 2024
Abstract
The Autumn Meeting of the British Society for Cardiovascular Research in 2023 was organized by Carolyn Carr, Lisa Heather and Claudia Montes Aparicio at Wadham College at the University of Oxford and was the 50th Anniversary Meeting of the Society. The theme of
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The Autumn Meeting of the British Society for Cardiovascular Research in 2023 was organized by Carolyn Carr, Lisa Heather and Claudia Montes Aparicio at Wadham College at the University of Oxford and was the 50th Anniversary Meeting of the Society. The theme of the meeting was “The impact of dysregulated metabolism on cardiovascular function” and included an early career symposium on “Life in academia and beyond”. The Annual Bernard and Joan Marshall Distinguished Investigator Lecture was given by Professor Doug Lewandowski on “Metabolic flux in the driver’s seat during cardiac health and disease”. This paper presents the abstracts selected for oral and poster presentation.
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Open AccessConference Report
Abstracts of the 2022 Autumn Meeting of the British Society for Cardiovascular Research
by
Carolyn Carr
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 27(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024027002 - 26 Aug 2024
Abstract
The Autumn Meeting of the British Society for Cardiovascular Research in 2022 was organized by David Grieve, Lauren Kerrigan, Claire Tonry and Chris Watson and held at the Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast. The theme of the meeting was ‘Cardiac
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The Autumn Meeting of the British Society for Cardiovascular Research in 2022 was organized by David Grieve, Lauren Kerrigan, Claire Tonry and Chris Watson and held at the Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast. The theme of the meeting was ‘Cardiac remodeling—basic mechanisms to clinical management’ and included an early career symposium. The Annual Bernard and Joan Marshall Distinguished Investigator Lecture was given by Professor Merry Lindsey on ‘Extracellular matrix remodeling in heart failure’. This paper presents the abstracts selected for oral and poster presentation.
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Open AccessConference Report
Abstracts of the 2021 Autumn Meeting of the British Society for Cardiovascular Research
by
Carolyn Carr
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 27(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024027001 - 23 Aug 2024
Abstract
The Autumn Meeting of the British Society for Cardiovascular Research in 2021 was a virtual meeting organised by Andrew Bond, Anita Thomas, Elisa Avolio, Michele Carrabba, Raimondo Ascione, and Paolo Madeddu of the Bristol Medical School. The theme of the meeting was ‘Tissue
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The Autumn Meeting of the British Society for Cardiovascular Research in 2021 was a virtual meeting organised by Andrew Bond, Anita Thomas, Elisa Avolio, Michele Carrabba, Raimondo Ascione, and Paolo Madeddu of the Bristol Medical School. The theme of the meeting was ‘Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine in cardiovascular disease’ and included an early career symposium. The Annual Bernard and Joan Marshall Distinguished Investigator Lecture was given by Professor Toshiharu Shinoka. This paper presents the abstracts selected for oral and poster presentations.
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Open AccessEditorial
Preface: The 3rd International Electronic Conference on Antibiotics
by
Marc Maresca
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 24(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024024021 - 14 Aug 2024
Abstract
This volume presents a collection of contributions at the 3rd International Electronic Conference on Antibiotics held on 1–15 December 2023 [...]
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Open AccessEditorial
Statement of Peer Review
by
Marc Maresca
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 24(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024024020 - 14 Aug 2024
Abstract
In submitting conference proceedings to Medical Sciences Forum, the volume editors of the proceedings certify to the publisher that all papers published in this volume have been subjected to peer review administered by the volume editors [...]
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Promoting Sustainable Agriculture: Impacts of Innovative Soil Management Approaches on Human Health and Ecosystems
by
Maria Vittoria Di Loreto, Simone Grasso, Francesco Lodato, Giorgio Pennazza, Luca Vollero and Marco Santonico
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 25(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024025011 - 7 Aug 2024
Abstract
Soil use and its proper management are key elements of sustainable development. However, given the complexity of the issue, it is necessary to address it using an interdisciplinary approach. The proposed work aims to analyze the consequences, in terms of damage assessment, of
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Soil use and its proper management are key elements of sustainable development. However, given the complexity of the issue, it is necessary to address it using an interdisciplinary approach. The proposed work aims to analyze the consequences, in terms of damage assessment, of two different soil management systems of a cereal crop through the use of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. One system follows a traditional approach and the other utilizes a Decision Support System (DSS). The long-term impacts on human health, ecosystems, and resource availability are calculated by employing the ReCiPe 2016 endpoint method. The results show notable reductions in resource use and environmental impacts with DSS, with a 41% decrease in damage to human health, a 24% reduction in ecosystem damage, and a 23% reduction in resource use. Hence, implementing new technologies and new management strategies in agriculture can lead to more sustainable management choices and can avoid long-term burdens compared to a traditional approach.
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Participative Dimension: “Leave No One Behind”
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Paula Sol Ventura, Marina Romeo, Sergi Valera, Jordi Serrano, Carolina Belenger-Hurtado, Felip Miralles, Joima Panisello, Maria Lledó-Cisneros, Irene Baños-Ruiz, Cristina Romera-Castillo, Francesc Font Rovira, Sonia Hernandez-Montaño-Bou, Daniel Turon, Domenico Vito and Fernando Valladares
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 25(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024025010 - 24 Jun 2024
Abstract
Numerous authors emphasize climate change’s profound impact on physical, mental, and community health, particularly highlighting the rising concern of ecological anxiety. The participatory dimension of the KOSMA Observatory, “Leaving No One Behind”, sought to explore this issue. Initially, we presented Spain’s perceptions and
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Numerous authors emphasize climate change’s profound impact on physical, mental, and community health, particularly highlighting the rising concern of ecological anxiety. The participatory dimension of the KOSMA Observatory, “Leaving No One Behind”, sought to explore this issue. Initially, we presented Spain’s perceptions and trends of eco-anxiety, along with the utilized platform. Subsequently, a roundtable delved into eco-anxiety and emotions, followed by a panel showcasing practical examples of transforming emotions into positive actions. The session concluded with a final reflection on these ideas.
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Barrio Logan Case Study: Modern Environmental Injustice
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Marco Nunez Moctezuma and Gabriela Fernandez
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 25(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024025009 - 10 May 2024
Abstract
Barrio Logan is a Mexican American community in San Diego in which industrial companies and residences share a space enclosed by a bay and an interstate. Ever since WWII, the Barrio Logan community has faced environmental injustice. There is a gap in Barrio
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Barrio Logan is a Mexican American community in San Diego in which industrial companies and residences share a space enclosed by a bay and an interstate. Ever since WWII, the Barrio Logan community has faced environmental injustice. There is a gap in Barrio Logan’s ability to self-monitor, so business models were developed to bring forth citizen science projects based on data collected from government environmental studies, the nurse’s office at Barrio Logan’s Perkins K-8 School, and interviews with Perkins K-8 School’s principal and the director and staff at the Chicano Park Museum and Cultural Center. It was found that children in Barrio Logan are experiencing a health crisis. Homelessness, single-parent households, unemployment, gentrification, low-wage jobs, continuous diesel particulate matter exposure, and high levels of asthma can be found in Barrio Logan. There is a lack of easily accessible, community-wide health programs that address ACEs and a lack of air pollution monitoring.
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Isolation of Multiresistant Bacterial Strains from Dairy Wastewater: A Public Health Concern in a One Health Perspective
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Caterina Elisabetta Rizzo, Paola Tripodi, Isabella La Spina, Maria Eufemia Gioffrè, Antonino Virga, Alessio Facciolà and Pasqualina Laganà
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 25(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024025008 - 9 May 2024
Abstract
The use of antibiotics in the veterinary and zootechnic sectors poses a challenge to the reduction in antibiotic resistance rates. We evaluated the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the wastewater of dairy farms in the Sicily Region, Italy. The samples were examined by
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The use of antibiotics in the veterinary and zootechnic sectors poses a challenge to the reduction in antibiotic resistance rates. We evaluated the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the wastewater of dairy farms in the Sicily Region, Italy. The samples were examined by isolating and identifying the bacterial strains, which were then tested for the main classes of antibiotics. Aeromonas spp. and Vibrio spp. were the more commonly isolated strains (18.2%), followed by Pseudomonas spp. (15.9%), Enterobacter spp. and Citrobacter spp. (13.6%). Macrolides were the drugs against which the highest resistance was detected, followed by tetracyclines, penicillins, and cephalosporins. The agri-food chain and zootechnic areas embody an important source of bacteria resistant to antibiotics, and their presence in wastewater from processing factories could play a pivotal role in spreading these microorganisms and in environmental contamination.
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Climate Crises Associated with Epidemiological, Environmental, and Ecosystem Effects of a Storm: Flooding, Landslides, and Damage to Urban and Rural Areas (Extreme Weather Events of Storm Daniel in Thessaly, Greece)
by
Ioannis Adamopoulos, Aikaterini Frantzana and Niki Syrou
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 25(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024025007 - 8 May 2024
Cited by 7
Abstract
The effects of climate crises and disasters must be managed appropriately. These effects can have a considerable influence on public health. This issue relates to epidemiological models and policy regarding climate factors, such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, and health results. Historical data were
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The effects of climate crises and disasters must be managed appropriately. These effects can have a considerable influence on public health. This issue relates to epidemiological models and policy regarding climate factors, such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, and health results. Historical data were analyzed so that patterns and connections between climatic factors and health outcomes could be found. Epidemiological models were used to simulate the spread of illnesses. Climate variables were used as inputs to these models to determine their effect on the spread of disease. This study examines the current public health regulations concerning epidemiology, climate change, and establishing new policies or revising existing ones to address the issues found to protect public health. To conclude, immediate efforts are needed to save human lives, protect vulnerable wildlife, and improve public health. Ecological assessments need to be conducted to understand extreme weather events (such as Storm Daniel), monitor ecosystem recovery, and adapt management strategies as needed, as well as to develop disaster preparedness to reduce future risks.
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Developing a Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG3) Index for Italian Municipalities
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Julia Nawaro, Lorenzo Gianquintieri and Enrico G. Caiani
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 25(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024025006 - 18 Apr 2024
Abstract
Since the establishment of the SDGs, related progress at a national level has usually been measured using the province as the smallest geographical aggregation. To cope with this gap, we aimed to develop a methodology for SDG3 index calculation for Italian municipalities. Official
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Since the establishment of the SDGs, related progress at a national level has usually been measured using the province as the smallest geographical aggregation. To cope with this gap, we aimed to develop a methodology for SDG3 index calculation for Italian municipalities. Official data for 2018–2022 were collected to cover 11 of 13 SDG3 targets that were mapped to 29 unique indicators: 10 were computed at municipal level, while for the remaining 19 a lower granularity was applied. The SDG3 index, calculated by weighting the targets equally, ranged from 0 to 1, with higher values corresponding to better goal fulfilment. The methodology was applied to the municipalities in the Lombardy region, where the index spanned 0.538 to 0.769. Since SDG indices contribute to the 2030 Agenda goal achievements at country level, more attention should be paid to the geographical details of assessment through policy information and local benchmarking.
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Preface and Abstracts of the 2nd International One Health Conference
by
Margherita Ferrante, Gea Oliveri Conti, Domenico Vito, Gabriela Fernandez, Carol Maione, Paolo Lauriola, Prisco Piscitelli, Melissa Jimenez Gomes Tagle, Carlos Dora, Jordi Serrano Pons, Carole Conforti, Joima Panisello, Paula Sol Ventura, Ilaria Bernotti, Carmen Ruiz Martin, Edgar Buloz, Marcella Trombetta, Giuseppe Banfi and Valentina Tageo
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 25(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024025005 - 15 Apr 2024
Abstract
The International One Health Conference 2023, scheduled for October in Barcelona, fosters a collaborative, multidisciplinary approach to health involving professionals, academics, and decision-makers. Operating in a hybrid format, the conference aims to bridge the gap between scientific knowledge and policies, aligning with the
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The International One Health Conference 2023, scheduled for October in Barcelona, fosters a collaborative, multidisciplinary approach to health involving professionals, academics, and decision-makers. Operating in a hybrid format, the conference aims to bridge the gap between scientific knowledge and policies, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Health in All Policies (HiAP). Emphasizing community involvement and the symbiotic relationship between basic needs, sustainable lifestyles, and empowerment, the conference envisions a comprehensive approach to sustainable development. D’Alisa introduces a framework incorporating participative democracy, recognizing the interconnectedness of economic, social, environmental, and participative democratic dimensions. Framing questions for the conference delve into critical aspects, addressing the integration of the One Health framework within health sectors, emphasizing interlinkages between health, climate change, and decision-making. The conference’s five-dimension framework tackles the complexity of One Health, addressing concerns, solutions, and opportunities in a holistic paradigm.
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Preface: The 1st International Electronic Conference on Vaccines—RNA Vaccines, Current Challenges and Future Developments
by
François Meurens and Fanny Renois
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 26(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024026005 - 8 Apr 2024
Abstract
The 1st International Electronic Conference on Vaccines: RNA Vaccines, Current Challenges and Future Developments (IECV 2023), was held on 1–15 December 2023 [...]
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Understanding “Eco Anxiety” in Adolescents and Young Adults
by
Julie Garcia Souza
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 25(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024025004 - 6 Mar 2024
Abstract
As environmental issues become more complex, so do our emotional responses to them. Paul Robbins and Sarah A. Moore offer the term “ecological anxiety” to frame scholarly discourse around a fearful response to the “negative normative influence of humans on the earth” and
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As environmental issues become more complex, so do our emotional responses to them. Paul Robbins and Sarah A. Moore offer the term “ecological anxiety” to frame scholarly discourse around a fearful response to the “negative normative influence of humans on the earth” and the “inherent influence of normative human values within one’s own science”. This comprehensive literature review unpacks the implications of “eco anxiety” within. The eco anxiety framework is relatively new, with minimal consensus on symptomatic criteria. To appropriately reflect the thoughts, emotions, and experiences of adolescents and young adults, this literature review encourages more accessible climate communication for the sake of the public and science community. Furthermore, more avenues of research are needed to study the term eco anxiety to fit a global context extending beyond Western understanding.
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Synthesis of Lignin Nanoparticles: Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches
by
Rossella Grappa, Virginia Venezia, Brigida Silvestri, Aniello Costantini and Giuseppina Luciani
Med. Sci. Forum 2024, 25(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2024025003 - 26 Feb 2024
Abstract
Lignin, a main byproduct from paper manufacturing and biorefineries, is now emerging as a new low-cost, renewable starting material for new product development. Its biocompatibility and safety make it valuable for creating novel and value-added products. Lignin, a polymer with many hydrophilic and
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Lignin, a main byproduct from paper manufacturing and biorefineries, is now emerging as a new low-cost, renewable starting material for new product development. Its biocompatibility and safety make it valuable for creating novel and value-added products. Lignin, a polymer with many hydrophilic and active groups, confers many useful properties. However, there are several challenges to overcome due to its complex chemical structure and heterogeneous self-assembly behavior. Nanostructured systems using lignin could address these challenges, finding applications in food science, cosmetics, and healthcare. This study explores two main green synthesis approaches for lignin nanoparticles: bottom-up based on the self-assembly in a solvent–antisolvent system and top-down based on the ultrasonication. These nanoparticles are evaluated for morphology, estimation of phenolic content and antioxidant effects. Specifically, the antisolvent nanostructures show a spherical conformation with a higher antioxidant activity due to a better organization of phenolic hydroxyl groups. Obtained result have been exploited to draw an efficient and cheap technological route for lignin valorization.
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