-
Young Patient with Breast Cancer and Visceral Crisis—The Adjuvant Role of Lifestyle Changes
-
Symptom Burden in the Last 12 Months of Life among Cancer Patients Choosing Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID)
-
Rapid NGS in Cancer Care
-
Uncommon EGFR Compound Mutations in NSCLC
-
Visualizing the Invisible—Peer Support for Childhood Cancer Survivors
Journal Description
Current Oncology
Current Oncology
is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal published online by MDPI (from Volume 28 Issue 1-2021). The journal changes publication frequency from bimonthly to monthly in 2022. Established in 1994, the journal represents a multidisciplinary medium for clinical oncologists to report and review progress in the management of this disease. The Canadian Association of Medical Oncologists (CAMO), the Canadian Association of Psychosocial Oncology (CAPO), the Canadian Association of General Practitioners in Oncology (CAGPO), the Cell Therapy Transplant Canada (CTTC) and the Canadian Leukemia Study Group (CLSG) are affiliated with the journal and their members receive a discount on the article processing charges.
- Open Access— free to download, share, and reuse content. Authors receive recognition for their contribution when the paper is reused.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), PubMed, MEDLINE, PMC, Embase, and many other databases.
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision provided to authors approximately 22 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 3 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2021).
- Recognition of Reviewers: APC discount vouchers, optional signed peer review, and reviewer names published annually in the journal.
Impact Factor:
3.677 (2020)
;
5-Year Impact Factor:
3.089 (2020)
Latest Articles
HPV Vaccination: An Underused Strategy for the Prevention of Cancer
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3780-3793; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050303 (registering DOI) - 23 May 2022
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination prevents cervical, head and neck, and anogenital cancers. However, global HPV vaccine coverage falls short of global targets and has seen unexpected and dramatic declines in some countries. This paper synthesizes the impact of HPV on the global burden
[...] Read more.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination prevents cervical, head and neck, and anogenital cancers. However, global HPV vaccine coverage falls short of global targets and has seen unexpected and dramatic declines in some countries. This paper synthesizes the impact of HPV on the global burden of cancer and the potential benefit of HPV vaccination. Approximately 5% of the world’s cancers are specifically attributed to HPV. While the greatest global burden of HPV is cervical cancers in low- and middle-income countries, HPV-associated head and neck cancers are increasing in high-income countries and have surpassed cervical cancer as the primary HPV-associated cancer in some countries. Therefore, it is also critical to improve gender-neutral HPV vaccination. Understanding the modifiable drivers of vaccine acceptance and uptake is important for increasing HPV vaccination. The Behavioural and Social Drivers of Vaccination framework is applied to identify key factors associated with HPV vaccination including practical issues, motivation, social processes, and thinking and feeling. Among the behavioural strategies available to reduce the incidence and mortality of cancer, increasing HPV vaccination stands out as having unrealized potential to prevent disease, financial cost, and psychological distress. An understanding of the shifting burden of HPV and the factors associated with vaccination can be leveraged to regularly measure these factors, develop interventions to promote vaccine uptake, and improve global HPV vaccine coverage. Future research in diverse contexts is necessary to investigate the barriers and facilitators of global HPV vaccination.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Psychosocial Effects of Head and Neck Cancer)
Open AccessArticle
The Effect of Surgeon Volume on the Outcome of Laser Vaporization: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3770-3779; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050302 (registering DOI) - 23 May 2022
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Although laser vaporization is a popular minimally invasive treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), factors influencing CIN recurrence are understudied. Moreover, the effect of surgeon volume on patients’ prognosis after laser vaporization for CIN is unknown. This single-center retrospective study evaluated the predictive
[...] Read more.
Although laser vaporization is a popular minimally invasive treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), factors influencing CIN recurrence are understudied. Moreover, the effect of surgeon volume on patients’ prognosis after laser vaporization for CIN is unknown. This single-center retrospective study evaluated the predictive value of surgeon volume and patient characteristics for laser vaporization outcomes in women with pathologically confirmed CIN2. Histologically confirmed CIN2 or higher grade after laser vaporization was defined as persistent or recurrent. Various patient characteristics were compared between women with and those without recurrence to examine the predictive factors for laser vaporization. There were 270 patients with a median age of 36 (18–60) years. The median follow-up period was 25 (6–75.5) months and the median period between treatment and persistence or recurrence was 17 (1.5–69) months. The median annual number of procedures for all seven surgeons was 7.8. There were 38 patients (14.1%) with persistent or recurrent lesions—24 had CIN2, 13 had CIN3, and one had adenocarcinoma in situ. Patient age, body mass index, surgeon volume, and history of prior CIN treatment or invasive cervical cancer were not significantly correlated with lesion persistence or recurrence. In conclusion, laser vaporization has comparable success rates and is a feasible treatment for both low- and high-volume surgeons.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessReview
The Evolution of Our Understanding of Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease (IPSID) over Time
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3759-3769; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050301 (registering DOI) - 23 May 2022
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) is an uncommon disease with a higher prevalence in the developing world. IPSID diagnosis relies mainly on a tissue biopsy and a high index of suspicion. Treatment options are variable; however, they mainly include anthracycline-based chemotherapy with or
[...] Read more.
Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) is an uncommon disease with a higher prevalence in the developing world. IPSID diagnosis relies mainly on a tissue biopsy and a high index of suspicion. Treatment options are variable; however, they mainly include anthracycline-based chemotherapy with or without antibiotics in advanced stages. Because of the paucity of IPSID, our perception of the disease remains narrow, and investigating the optimal lines of therapy and prevention without a complete comprehension of the disease is challenging. In our review, we explore the expansion of knowledge about IPSID, which has been developing over the years, to help increase the detection of IPISD cases and further research the most appropriate lines of therapy and prevention.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessCase Report
HRAS Q61L Mutation as a Possible Target for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Case Series and Review of Literature
by
, , , , , , and
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3748-3758; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050300 - 20 May 2022
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Introduction: Assessment of actionable gene mutations and oncogene fusions have made a paradigm shift in treatment strategies of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). HRAS mutations involved around 0.2–0.8% of NSCLC patients, mostly on codon 61. For these patients, few data are available regarding
[...] Read more.
Introduction: Assessment of actionable gene mutations and oncogene fusions have made a paradigm shift in treatment strategies of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). HRAS mutations involved around 0.2–0.8% of NSCLC patients, mostly on codon 61. For these patients, few data are available regarding clinical characteristics and response to therapies. Methods: Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) done routinely at Nantes University Hospital was used to identify HRAS molecular alterations in NSCLC patients. We identified and described four HRAS p.GlnQ61Leu mutated patients. Literature of previously HRAS-mutant NSCLC cases was reviewed, and available data in solid tumour with the most advanced H-Ras specific inhibitor, tipifarnib, were presented. Results: Of 1614 patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC from January 2018 to December 2020, four (0.25%) had HRAS p.Gln61Leu mutation. Three of them died during the first-line systemic therapy. Furthermore, three additional cases were identified in literature. All cases were current or former smokers, most of them had pleural or pericardial effusion at diagnosis. Conclusions: The clinical course of patients with HRAS-mutant NSCLC remains unclear. Furthers cases should be identified in order to clarify prognosis and response to therapies. Tipifarnib, a farnesyl transferase inhibitor, is a promising candidate to target HRAS-mutant tumours and should be explored in NSCLC patients.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessCommunication
Successes and Challenges of Implementing Tobacco Dependency Treatment in Health Care Institutions in England
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3738-3747; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050299 - 20 May 2022
Abstract
There is a significant body of evidence that delivering tobacco dependency treatment within acute care hospitals can deliver high rates of tobacco abstinence and substantial benefits for both patients and the healthcare system. This evidence has driven a renewed investment in the UK
[...] Read more.
There is a significant body of evidence that delivering tobacco dependency treatment within acute care hospitals can deliver high rates of tobacco abstinence and substantial benefits for both patients and the healthcare system. This evidence has driven a renewed investment in the UK healthcare service to ensure all patients admitted to hospital are provided with evidence-based interventions during admission and after discharge. An early-implementer of this new wave of hospital-based tobacco dependency treatment services is “the CURE project” in Greater Manchester, a region in the North West of England. The CURE project strives to change the culture of a hospital system, to medicalise tobacco dependency and empower front-line hospital staff to deliver an admission bundle of care, including identification of patients that smoke, provision of very brief advice (VBA), protocolised prescription of pharmacotherapy, and opt-out referral to the specialist CURE practitioners. This specialist team provides expert treatment and behaviour change support during the hospital admission and can agree a support package after discharge, with either hospital-led or community-led follow-up. The programme has shown exceptional clinical effectiveness, with 22% of all smokers admitted to hospital abstinent from tobacco at 12 weeks, and exceptional cost-effectiveness with a public value return on investment ratio of GBP 30.49 per GBP 1 invested and a cost per QALY of GBP 487. There have been many challenges in implementing this service, underpinned by the system-wide culture change and ensuring the good communication and engagement of all stakeholders across the complex networks of the tobacco control and healthcare system. The delivery of hospital-based tobacco dependency services across all NHS acute care hospitals represents a substantial step forward in the fight against the tobacco epidemic.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smoking Cessation after a Cancer Diagnosis)
►▼
Show Figures

Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Open Surgery including Lymphadenectomy without Adjuvant Therapy for Uterine-Confined Intermediate- and High-Risk Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinoma
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3728-3737; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050298 - 19 May 2022
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Minimally invasive surgery may not be an appropriate surgical approach in intermediate- and high-risk endometrial carcinoma, even though adjuvant therapy is given. The objective of this study was to evaluate the results of open surgery including lymphadenectomy without adjuvant therapy in patients with
[...] Read more.
Minimally invasive surgery may not be an appropriate surgical approach in intermediate- and high-risk endometrial carcinoma, even though adjuvant therapy is given. The objective of this study was to evaluate the results of open surgery including lymphadenectomy without adjuvant therapy in patients with uterine-confined intermediate- and high-risk endometrioid endometrial carcinoma. Two hundred fifty-six patients with uterine-confined endometrioid endometrial carcinoma were treated with open surgery, including pelvic with or without para-aortic lymphadenectomy. Of the 81 patients with uterine-confined intermediate- or high-risk disease, 77 were treated with systematic lymphadenectomy without adjuvant therapy. Seven patients developed recurrence, comprising 5.5% (3/55) and 18.2% (4/22) of the intermediate- and high-risk patients, respectively. The time to recurrence was 1–66 months. The sites of recurrence were the vaginal apex (n = 2), lung (n = 2), vaginal sidewall (n = 1), pelvic lymph nodes (n = 1), and para-aortic to supraclavicular nodes (n = 1). Of these, five patients were alive without disease after salvage treatment, but two understaged high-risk patients died of disease. The five-year disease-specific survival rates of intermediate- and high-risk patients were 100% and 90%, respectively. The present study indicated that patients with uterine-confined intermediate- and high-risk endometrioid endometrial carcinoma had excellent survival when treated with open surgery, including lymphadenectomy alone. The safety of omitting adjuvant therapy should be evaluated in prospective randomized trials comparing open surgery with minimally invasive surgery.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessSystematic Review
Neoadjuvant Short-Course Radiotherapy Followed by Consolidation Chemotherapy before Surgery for Treating Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by
, , , , , , , , and
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3708-3727; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050297 - 19 May 2022
Abstract
Neoadjuvant short course radiotherapy (SCRT) followed by consolidation chemotherapy (CCT) is an alternative treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the tumor response and oncological outcomes of this new approach compared to conventional chemoradiotherapy
[...] Read more.
Neoadjuvant short course radiotherapy (SCRT) followed by consolidation chemotherapy (CCT) is an alternative treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the tumor response and oncological outcomes of this new approach compared to conventional chemoradiotherapy (CRT). An online search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was performed. This review included 7507 patients from 14 different cohorts. The pCR rate was higher with SCRT + CCT than that with CRT (RR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.35–1.91; p < 0.01). SCRT + CCT provided a higher ypN0 response (RR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01–1.12; p = 0.02). There were no differences in R0 resection and positive CRM rates; however, more sphincter-preservation surgeries were performed in the SCRT + CCT arm (RR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01–1.11; p = 0.02). There was no difference in the OS and DFS between the SCRT + CCT and the CRT arms (OS: HR: 0.85, p = 0.07; DFS: HR: 0.88, p = 0.08). The compliance and toxicity were comparable between the SCRT and CRT groups. In the subgroup analysis, patients who underwent four or more cycles of CCT had better pCR and DFS events. Therefore, SCRT followed by consolidation chemotherapy might be an effective alternative treatment for LARC.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Gastrointestinal Oncology)
►▼
Show Figures

Figure 1
Open AccessReview
Striving to Fill in Gaps between Clinical Practice and Standards: The Evolution of a Pan-Canadian Approach to Patient-Reported Outcomes Use
by
, , , , , , , , , and
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3698-3707; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050296 - 19 May 2022
Abstract
Despite the known importance and necessity of the standardized collection and use of patient-reported outcomes (PROs), there remain challenges to successful clinical implementation. Facilitated through a quality improvement initiative spearheaded by the Canadian Partnership for Quality Radiotherapy (CPQR), and now guided by the
[...] Read more.
Despite the known importance and necessity of the standardized collection and use of patient-reported outcomes (PROs), there remain challenges to successful clinical implementation. Facilitated through a quality improvement initiative spearheaded by the Canadian Partnership for Quality Radiotherapy (CPQR), and now guided by the Canadian Association of Radiation Oncology (CARO)’s Quality and Standards Committee, patient representatives and early-adopter radiation treatment programs continue to champion the expansion of PROs initiatives across the country. The current review discusses the evolution of a pan-Canadian approach to PROs use, striving to fill in gaps between clinical practice and guideline recommendations through multi-centre and multidisciplinary collaboration.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Patient-Reported Outcome Use in Radiation Oncology Research and Routine Clinical Care)
►▼
Show Figures

Figure 1
Open AccessReview
De-Escalation Strategies for Human Papillomavirus-Associated Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma—Where Are We Now?
by
, , , , and
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3668-3697; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050295 - 18 May 2022
Abstract
The prevalence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma has been increasing in North America due to human papillomavirus-associated disease. It is molecularly distinct and differs from other head and neck cancers due to the young population and high survival rate. The treatment regimens currently
[...] Read more.
The prevalence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma has been increasing in North America due to human papillomavirus-associated disease. It is molecularly distinct and differs from other head and neck cancers due to the young population and high survival rate. The treatment regimens currently in place cause significant long-term toxicities. Studies have transitioned from mortality-based outcomes to patient-reported outcomes assessing quality of life. There are many completed and ongoing trials investigating alternative therapy regimens or de-escalation strategies to minimize the negative secondary effects while maintaining overall survival and disease-free survival. The goal of this review is to discuss the most recent advancements within the field while summarizing and reviewing the available evidence.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Psychosocial Effects of Head and Neck Cancer)
Open AccessArticle
Mutation Profiles of Ovarian Seromucinous Borderline Tumors in Japanese Patients
by
, , , , , , , , , , and
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3658-3667; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050294 - 18 May 2022
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Ovarian seromucinous tumors (SMBTs) are relatively rare, and their carcinogenesis is largely unknown. In this study, the molecular features of SMBTs in Japan are assessed. DNA was extracted from microdissected paraffin-embedded sections from 23 SMBT cases. Genetic mutations (KRAS, BRAF,
[...] Read more.
Ovarian seromucinous tumors (SMBTs) are relatively rare, and their carcinogenesis is largely unknown. In this study, the molecular features of SMBTs in Japan are assessed. DNA was extracted from microdissected paraffin-embedded sections from 23 SMBT cases. Genetic mutations (KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and ERBB2) were evaluated using Sanger sequencing. Immunohistochemistry for p53, ARID1A, and PTEN was also performed as a surrogate for the loss of functional mutations in these tumor suppressor genes. The prevalence of KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and ERBB2 mutations was 4.3% (1/23), 8.6% (2/23), 8.6% (2/23), and 17.3% (4/23), respectively. Overexpression or loss of p53 expression occurred in 26% (6/23), loss of ARID1A expression in 4.3% (1/23), and none of the cases showed expression of PTEN loss. These findings suggest that KRAS/BRAF/PIK3CA and PTEN mutations are rare carcinogenic events in SMBTs. The high frequency of positive p53 staining and a low frequency of loss of ARID1A staining suggests that SMBT carcinogenesis may be related to the alteration of p53 rather than that of ARID1A. ERBB2 oncogenic mutations may play an important role in the tumorigenesis of Japanese SMBTs.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessReview
CAR T Cell Therapy for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Successes and Shortcomings
by
, , , , , , , , and
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3647-3657; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050293 - 18 May 2022
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell therapy achieved remarkable success in B-cell leukemia and lymphoma which led to its incorporation in treatment protocols for these diseases. CAR T cell therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients showed less success compared to other
[...] Read more.
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell therapy achieved remarkable success in B-cell leukemia and lymphoma which led to its incorporation in treatment protocols for these diseases. CAR T cell therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients showed less success compared to other malignant tumors. In this review, we discuss the published results regarding CAR T cell therapy of CLL, possible mechanisms of failures and expected developments.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Therapy and Outcome)
►▼
Show Figures

Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Treatment Outcomes for Primary Hepatic Angiosarcoma: National Cancer Database Analysis 2004–2014
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3637-3646; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050292 - 17 May 2022
Abstract
Background: To determine the risk of mortality and factors associated with survival amongst patients diagnosed with primary hepatic angiosarcoma (PHA). Methods: All patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or PHA from 2004 to 2014 were identified from the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Further
[...] Read more.
Background: To determine the risk of mortality and factors associated with survival amongst patients diagnosed with primary hepatic angiosarcoma (PHA). Methods: All patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or PHA from 2004 to 2014 were identified from the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Further analysis was performed within the cohort of patients with PHA to assess the impact of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and facility type on overall survival (OS). A multivariable analysis using the Cox proportional methods and a survival analysis using the Kaplan–Meier method were used. Results: A total of 117,633 patients with HCC were identified, out of whom 346 patients had PHA. Patients with PHA had a mean age of 62.9 years (SD 13.7), the majority were men (64.7%), white (85.8%), and had a Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) of zero (66.2%). A third of the patients with PHA (35.7%) received chemotherapy, and 14.6% underwent a surgical resection. The median survival was 1.9 months (1.8–2.4 months) compared to patients with HCC (10.4 months, 10.2–10.5) (aHR-2.41, 95% CI: 2.10–2.77, p < 0.0001). Surgical resection was associated with a higher median survival (7.7 versus 1.8 months, aHR-0.23, 95% CI: 0.15–0.37, p < 0.0001). A receipt of chemotherapy was associated with a higher median survival than no chemotherapy (5.1 versus 1.2 months, aHR-0.44, 95% CI: 0.32–0.60, p < 0.0001), although the survival benefit did not persist long term. Conclusion: PHA is associated with poor outcomes. A surgical resection and chemotherapy are associated with improved survival outcomes; however, the long-term benefits of chemotherapy are limited.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Treatment and Management)
►▼
Show Figures

Figure 1
Open AccessReview
The Impact of Dense Breasts on the Stage of Breast Cancer at Diagnosis: A Review and Options for Supplemental Screening
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3595-3636; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050291 - 17 May 2022
Abstract
The purpose of breast cancer screening is to find cancers early to reduce mortality and to allow successful treatment with less aggressive therapy. Mammography is the gold standard for breast cancer screening. Its efficacy in reducing mortality from breast cancer was proven in
[...] Read more.
The purpose of breast cancer screening is to find cancers early to reduce mortality and to allow successful treatment with less aggressive therapy. Mammography is the gold standard for breast cancer screening. Its efficacy in reducing mortality from breast cancer was proven in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted from the early 1960s to the mid 1990s. Panels that recommend breast cancer screening guidelines have traditionally relied on the old RCTs, which did not include considerations of breast density, race/ethnicity, current hormone therapy, and other risk factors. Women do not all benefit equally from mammography. Mortality reduction is significantly lower in women with dense breasts because normal dense tissue can mask cancers on mammograms. Moreover, women with dense breasts are known to be at increased risk. To provide equity, breast cancer screening guidelines should be created with the goal of maximizing mortality reduction and allowing less aggressive therapy, which may include decreasing the interval between screening mammograms and recommending consideration of supplemental screening for women with dense breasts. This review will address the issue of dense breasts and the impact on the stage of breast cancer at the time of diagnosis, and discuss options for supplemental screening.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breast Cancer Imaging and Therapy)
►▼
Show Figures

Figure 1
Open AccessCase Report
Gemcitabine and Cisplatin as Neo-Adjuvant for Cholangiocarcinoma Patients Prior to Liver Transplantation: Case-Series
by
, , , , , , , , , , , , and
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3585-3594; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050290 - 17 May 2022
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Background: The management of cholangiocarcinoma is continually reviewed on a current evidence basis to develop practice guidelines and consensus statements. However, the standardized treatment guidelines are still unclear for cholangiocarcinoma patients who are listed for liver transplantation. We aimed to validate and evaluate
[...] Read more.
Background: The management of cholangiocarcinoma is continually reviewed on a current evidence basis to develop practice guidelines and consensus statements. However, the standardized treatment guidelines are still unclear for cholangiocarcinoma patients who are listed for liver transplantation. We aimed to validate and evaluate the potential efficacy of chemotherapy combination of Gemcitabine and Cisplatin as a neo-adjuvant treatment for cholangiocarcinoma patients before liver transplantation. Methods: In this prospective case series, patients with locally advanced, unresectable, hilar, or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with no evidence of extrahepatic disease or vascular involvement were treated with a combination of neoadjuvant gemcitabine and cisplatin with no radiation. All patients included received chemotherapy prior to being listed for liver transplantation at a single cancer center according to an open-labeled, and center-approved clinical management protocol. The primary endpoints were the overall survival and recurrence-free survival after liver transplantation. Results: Between 1 March 2016, and 15 March 2022, 10 patients (8 males and 2 females) with a median age of 62.71(interquartile range: 60.02–71.87) had a confirmed diagnosis of intrahepatic or hilar cholangiocarcinoma and underwent liver transplantation. Median days of neoadjuvant therapy for a given combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin were 181 (IRQ: 120–250). Nine patients (90%) were reported with no recurrence or metastasis, and only 1 patient had confirmed metastasis (10%); days for metastasis after transplantation were 612 for this patient. All patients received a combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin as neo-adjuvant while awaiting liver transplantation. The median days of follow-up were 851 (813–967). Overall survival was 100% (95% CI 100–100%) at both years one and two; 75% (95% CI 13–96%) at years three to five. One patient died at eight hundred and eighty-five days. No adverse events were reported after liver transplantation including the patient who was confirmed with recurrence. Conclusions: Our finding demonstrated that neo-adjuvant gemcitabine and cisplatin with no radiation prior to liver transplantation resulted in excellent outcomes for patients with cholangiocarcinoma.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessReview
The Role of Microorganisms in Appendiceal Pseudomyxoma Peritonei: A Review
by
, , , , and
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3576-3584; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050289 - 16 May 2022
Abstract
Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare clinical syndrome. It originates from neoplasms of the appendix and leads to the formation of peritoneal implants and the accumulation of mucinous ascites. PMP represents a spectrum of low to high-grade disease. Despite aggressive management, many PMP
[...] Read more.
Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare clinical syndrome. It originates from neoplasms of the appendix and leads to the formation of peritoneal implants and the accumulation of mucinous ascites. PMP represents a spectrum of low to high-grade disease. Despite aggressive management, many PMP patients recur, leading to debilitating symptoms and few treatment options. Therefore, scientists have continued to look for ways to improve treatment and further understand disease pathogenesis. Microorganisms were previously hypothesized to play a role in PMP progression and development. Hence, antibacterial treatment was suggested by some authors, but the data were limited. In this paper, we review the current data on the role of bacteria in PMP, discuss the significance, and suggest possible solutions to the inherent challenges in these studies. Given the limitations of the discussed studies, we remain skeptical about introducing novel antibacterial treatment into clinical practice at this time; however, the available data are valuable and indicate that more research into the molecular mechanisms of PMP is needed.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pseudomyxoma Peritonei 2021: State of the Art and Trends for the Future in Tumor Biology, Treatment and Outcomes)
Open AccessArticle
Patient Experience with a Gynecologic Oncology-Initiated Genetic Testing Model for Women with Tubo-Ovarian Cancer
by
, , , , , and
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3565-3575; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050288 - 15 May 2022
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Background: Up to 20% of women diagnosed with tubo-ovarian carcinoma carry a germline pathogenic variant in a cancer-predisposing gene (e.g., BRCA1/BRCA2). Identifying these variants can help to inform eligibility for therapies, guide surveillance and prevention of new primary cancers, and assess risk
[...] Read more.
Background: Up to 20% of women diagnosed with tubo-ovarian carcinoma carry a germline pathogenic variant in a cancer-predisposing gene (e.g., BRCA1/BRCA2). Identifying these variants can help to inform eligibility for therapies, guide surveillance and prevention of new primary cancers, and assess risk to family members. The Gynecologic Oncology-Initiated Genetic Testing Model (GOIGT) was initiated at the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) to streamline universal germline genetic testing for this population, while addressing the limited resources in the public healthcare system. This study aimed to evaluate the patient experience of participating in this model. Methods: Study participants were patients diagnosed with high-grade non-mucinous epithelial tubo-ovarian cancer who underwent genetic testing through the GOIGT model between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2020. Eligible participants completed the retrospective questionnaires at least one month after result disclosure. Results: A total of 126 patients were tested through the GOIGT model during the study period, of which 56 were invited to participate. Thirty-four participants returned the study questionnaire. Overall, participants did not report decision regret following the genetic testing and were satisfied with the GOIGT model. Participants reported low levels of uncertainty and distress related to the implications of their test results for themselves and their family members. Conclusions: The results of this study support the continued implementation of mainstreamed genetic testing models for women with high-grade non-mucinous tubo-ovarian cancer. Further studies are required to compare experiences for patients with different genetic test results.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Cancer Premature Mortality Costs in Europe in 2020: A Comparison of the Human Capital Approach and the Friction Cost Approach
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3552-3564; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050287 - 13 May 2022
Abstract
The inclusion of productivity costs can affect the outcome of cost-effectiveness analyses. We estimated the value of cancer premature mortality productivity costs for Europe in 2020 using the Human Capital Approach (HCA) and compared these to the Friction Cost Approach (FCA). Cancer mortality
[...] Read more.
The inclusion of productivity costs can affect the outcome of cost-effectiveness analyses. We estimated the value of cancer premature mortality productivity costs for Europe in 2020 using the Human Capital Approach (HCA) and compared these to the Friction Cost Approach (FCA). Cancer mortality data were obtained from GLOBOCAN 2020 by sex and five-year age groups. Twenty-three cancer sites for 31 European countries were included. The HCA and the FCA were valued using average annual gross wages by sex and age group and applied to Years of Potential Productive Life Lost. 2020 friction periods were calculated and all costs were in 2020 euros. Estimated cancer premature mortality costs for Europe in 2020 were EUR 54.0 billion (HCA) and EUR 1.57 billion (FCA). The HCA/FCA cost ratio for Europe was 34.4, but considerable variation arose across countries (highest in Ireland: 64.5 v lowest in Czech Republic: 11.1). Both the HCA and the FCA ranked lung, breast and colorectal as the top three most costly cancers in Europe, but cost per death altered rankings substantially. Significant cost differences were observed following sensitivity analysis. Our study provides a unique perspective of the difference between HCA and FCA estimates of productivity costs by cancer site and country in Europe.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Societal Perspectives in Economic Analyses and Real-World Cost-Effectiveness Studies in Cancer)
Open AccessCase Report
Marrying Story with Science: The Impact of Outdated and Inconsistent Breast Cancer Screening Practices in Canada
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3540-3551; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050286 - 13 May 2022
Abstract
Behind the science of breast cancer in Canada, as well as globally, are the stories of thousands of women, their families, and their communities. These include stories from those who have died or those suffering from the realities of stage III and stage
[...] Read more.
Behind the science of breast cancer in Canada, as well as globally, are the stories of thousands of women, their families, and their communities. These include stories from those who have died or those suffering from the realities of stage III and stage IV breast cancer due to late detection, misinformation, and dismissal. The reality for these women is that, whilst grateful for the latest developments in cancer research, much of this knowledge is not reflected in policy and practice. Canadian guidelines do not reflect the recommended screening by experts within the field and inequities in screening practices and practitioner knowledge exist in different areas within Canada. Told through the stories of women with lived experiences of late-stage breast cancer and supported by scientific evidence, this paper explores the impact of outdated breast cancer screening practices on the lives of women. Recent patient advocacy is driving changes, such as notifying women of their breast density in a few jurisdictions in Canada, but we call for the whole medical community to take responsibility and ensure breast screening is optimised to save more lives.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breast Cancer Imaging and Therapy)
Open AccessCase Report
Efficacy of Osimertinib in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients with EGFR Gene Mutation–Case Report and a Literature Review
by
, , , , and
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3531-3539; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050285 - 13 May 2022
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. It is responsible for 80–85% of lung cancer cases. NSCLC can be divided into several groups, led by adenocarcinoma (ADC)–40–50% and squamous
[...] Read more.
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. It is responsible for 80–85% of lung cancer cases. NSCLC can be divided into several groups, led by adenocarcinoma (ADC)–40–50% and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)–20–30%. The development of new molecular therapies targeting particular abnormalities such as mutations in the EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) gene or ROS1 or ALK genes rearrangements resolved in novel strategies in advanced NSCLC management. EGFR mutation occurs mostly in patients with ADC and those patients are mostly females with no or light smoking history. The hereby presented patient fitted the ADC characteristics, while they were diagnosed with SCC. The unusual diagnosis implied further genetic testing, which established the occurrence of L858R substitution in exon 21 in the EGFR gene. A 63-year-old female was admitted to the unit due to a dry cough, pain in the right chest area and dyspnoea. When diagnosed, the patient had a peripheral mass in the right lung superior lobe (55 × 40 mm), satellite nodules in the apex of the same lung and packets of disintegrating lymph nodes. Positron Emission Tomography (PET-CT) confirmed a diffuse neoplastic process qualified as stage IV on the TNM scale. Due to EGFR gene mutation, the woman was administered osimertinib, however, the treatment did not succeed, and other therapeutic solutions were undertaken. The patient died 10 months after diagnosis. Patients with advanced ADC harboring EGFR mutation can receive osimertinib, a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), however, the use of TKIs in SCC remains controversial. In some published cases, osimertinib treatment led to success, in others, the therapy did not result in the expected final effect. Small sample groups and diverse molecular backgrounds indicate the need for further research in this field. Thus, the treatment decision-making process in those patients overall remains extremely demanding and ambiguous.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Thoracic Oncology)
►▼
Show Figures

Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Outcomes of Intercalary Endoprostheses as a Treatment for Metastases in the Femoral and Humeral Diaphysis
by
, , , , and
Curr. Oncol. 2022, 29(5), 3519-3530; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050284 - 13 May 2022
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implant survival, functional score and complications of intercalary endoprostheses implanted for metastatic involvement of the femoral and humeral diaphysis. Methods: The selected group covered patients with bone metastasis who were surgically treated with
[...] Read more.
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implant survival, functional score and complications of intercalary endoprostheses implanted for metastatic involvement of the femoral and humeral diaphysis. Methods: The selected group covered patients with bone metastasis who were surgically treated with an intercalary endoprosthesis between 2012 and 2021. The functional outcome was evaluated with the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scoring system, and complications were evaluated by using the failure classification for prosthetics designed by Henderson. Results: The mean follow-up was 29.8 months. In our group of 25 patients with 27 intercalary endoprostheses (18 femurs, 9 humeri), there were 7 implant-related complications (25.9%), which were more common on the humerus (4 cases, 44.4%) than on the femur (3 cases, 16.7%). Only type II failure—aseptic loosening (5 cases, 18.5%)—and type III failure—structural failure (2 cases, 7.4%)—occurred. There was a significantly higher risk of aseptic loosening of the endoprosthesis in the humerus compared with that in the femur (odds ratio 13.79, 95% confidence interval 1.22–151.05, p = 0.0297). The overall cumulative implant survival was 92% 1 year after surgery and 72% 5 years after surgery. The average MSTS score was 82%. The MSTS score was significantly lower (p = 0.008) in the humerus (75.9%) than in the femur (84.8%). Conclusions: The resection of bone metastases and replacement with intercalary endoprosthesis has excellent immediate functional results with an acceptable level of complications in prognostically favourable patients.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment of Bone Metastasis)
►▼
Show Figures

Figure 1

Journal Menu
► ▼ Journal Menu-
- Current Oncology Home
- Aims & Scope
- Editorial Board
- Reviewer Board
- Topical Advisory Panel
- Instructions for Authors
- Special Issues
- Sections & Collections
- Article Processing Charge
- Indexing & Archiving
- Editor's Choice Articles
- Most Cited & Viewed
- Journal Statistics
- Journal History
- Journal Awards
- Society Collaborations
- Editorial Office
Journal Browser
► ▼ Journal BrowserHighly Accessed Articles
Latest Books
E-Mail Alert
News
Topics
Topic in
Biomolecules, Cancers, Cells, Current Oncology
Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: From Biology to Therapeutics
Topic Editors: Christina M. Annunziata, Adam R. KarpfDeadline: 31 May 2022
Topic in
Biomolecules, Cancers, Current Oncology, IJMS, Onco
Novel Approaches in Bladder Cancer Treatment
Topic Editors: Roman Blaheta, Beatrice E. BachmeierDeadline: 31 July 2022
Topic in
Biology, Cancers, Current Oncology, Diseases, IJERPH
The Role of Transmembrane Mucins in Lung Diseases
Topic Editors: Miriana D’Alessandro, Edoardo Conticini, Elena Bargagli, Lucia Vietri, Laura Bergantini, Donato LacedoniaDeadline: 31 October 2022
Topic in
Biology, Biomolecules, Cancers, Current Oncology, Onco
Non Herbal Nutraceutical, Probiotic, Vitamins and Fatty Acids in Cancer
Topic Editors: Raffaele Capasso, Carla Cirillo, Paola AmeroDeadline: 15 November 2022

Conferences
Special Issues
Special Issue in
Current Oncology
Beyond Immunotherapy in the Management of Genito-Urinary Malignancies
Guest Editors: Ricardo Fernandes, Aly-Khan LalaniDeadline: 31 May 2022
Special Issue in
Current Oncology
Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Cancer Survivors through Lifestyle Modification
Guest Editors: Cynthia Forbes, Melanie Keats, Scott A. GrandyDeadline: 10 June 2022
Special Issue in
Current Oncology
Advances in CAR-T Cell Therapy
Guest Editor: Natasha KekreDeadline: 30 June 2022
Special Issue in
Current Oncology
A Multi-disciplinary Approach to the Prevention and Management of Cancer-Related Toxicities
Guest Editor: Sangeeta R. HingoraniDeadline: 30 July 2022
Topical Collections
Topical Collection in
Current Oncology
New Insights into Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Collection Editor: Sazan Rasul
Topical Collection in
Current Oncology
New Insights into Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Collection Editors: Filippo Pesapane, Matteo Suter