Network visualization, in mathematics often referred to as graph visualization, has evolved significantly over time, offering various methods to effectively represent complex data structures. New methods and devices advance the possibilities of visua...
Graph visualization with proper layout is widely applied to understand the relationship between entities in a complex system and the topological structure information is mainly used. Real-world graphs often have the community structures property whic...
The force-directed paradigm is one of the few generic approaches to drawing graphs. Since force-directed algorithms can be extended easily, they are used frequently. Most of these algorithms are, however, quite slow on large graphs, as they compute a...
In this study, a novel algorithm for optimizing the coverage of directed sensor networks is proposed. The deployment of sensor networks is typically random, leading to the potential issues of extensive coverage overlaps and blind areas. To address th...
It is noted that existing mine emergency-rescue algorithms have overlooked the requirement for multi-route sharing at critical nodes and have offered limited network visualisation. Consequently, a multi-team rescue-path-planning algorithm based on FA...
This paper investigates the effects of the machining process on the thrust force and mechanical characteristics for the direct drive feed system driven by the flat permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMSLM) in machine tools considering the ele...
Tactile information is crucial for recognizing physical interactions, manipulation of an object, and motion planning for a robotic gripper; however, concurrent tactile technologies have certain limitations over directional force sensing. In particula...
Carrier-based fixed-wing UAV landing is challenged by deck motion, carrier airwake, gust disturbances, strong trajectory–attitude coupling, and actuator constraints. To address these issues, this paper proposes a Predefined-Time Direct Lift/Sid...
This paper deals with the experimental and numerical analysis of the flow force acting on the spool of a proportional directional valve. The flow force arises due to the fluid flow through the flow path of the proportional directional valve and signi...
Directional force sensing is an intrinsic feature of tactile sensing. As technologies of exploratory robots evolve, with special emphasis on the emergence of soft robotics, it is crucial to equip robotic end-effectors with effective means of characte...
Objectives: This systematic review aims to compare the forces and moments generated by thermoforming aligners and direct-printed aligners in guiding tooth movement in orthodontic patients, evaluating their impact on orthodontic outcomes. Methods: A s...
This paper proposes a method for salient crowd motion detection based on direction entropy and a repulsive force network. This work focuses on how to effectively detect salient regions in crowd movement through calculating the crowd vector field and...
Flexible sensing tends to be widely exploited in the process of human–computer interactions of intelligent robots for its contact compliance and environmental adaptability. A novel flexible capacitive tactile sensor was proposed for multi-direc...
Pleating is a common modeling technique in the manufacturing of garments. As requirements for the style of pleats are gradually increasing, it is necessary to consider the pleats modeling and force conditions In this paper, draping experiments were c...
To accurately estimate the navigation safety of a barge in still water and waves, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to calculate the hydrodynamic force on the barge and simulate the flow field to comprehensively study the effect of skeg for...
Herein, we study the London dispersion forces between organic structure directing agents (OSDAs)—here tetraalkyl-ammonium or -phosphonium molecules—and silica zeolite frameworks (FWs). We demonstrate that the interaction energy for these...
Background: The effectiveness of striking techniques in combat sports depends not only on peak force but also on how force is applied over time. The knife-hand strike (sonkal taerigi) in ITF taekwon-do can be executed in inward and outward directions...
A recently proposed scalar forcing scheme that maintains the mixture fraction mean, root-mean-square and probability density function in the unburned gas can lead to a statistically quasi-stationary state in direct numerical simulations of turbulent...
(1) Background: The aim of the study was to determine the post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) of vertical and horizontal ground reaction force parameters during jumps and change of direction following flywheel squat exercise using two diff...
This paper shows the design and modeling of an end effector with a bidirectional telescopic mechanism to allow a surgical assistant robot to hold and handle surgical instruments. It also presents a force-free control algorithm for the direct teaching...
This study examined transient effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on bilateral force control in lower extremities. We recruited 14 healthy young adults and administered bilateral ankle-dorsiflexion force control tasks at 10% of...
This study investigated the seasonal variation of nitrate concentration and its radiative forcing over East Asia by using an online-coupled regional climate model. Comparison with a series of in-situ observations from Acid Deposition Monitoring Netwo...
The permanent magnet linear generator is widely applied in the direct-drive wave energy converter (DD-WEC) because of its high power density. In this paper, a novel tubular permanent magnet linear generator, which consists of multilayer and interior...
To address the increasing demands for faster response and higher control accuracy in the braking systems of electric and intelligent vehicles, a novel brake-by-wire actuation unit and its braking force control methods are proposed. The braking unit e...
Electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) is a useful technique when measuring the surface electric potential of a substrate regardless of its topography. Here, we have developed a frequency detection method for alternating current (AC) bias in EFM. Inste...
The energy dissipated in hysteretic damping is independent of cyclic frequency, which agrees with the experimental results of energy dispersion of many materials under cyclic loading. Despite these desirable properties, hysteretic damping suffers fro...
The fluid-structure interaction of solid objects freely falling in a Newtonian fluid was investigated numerically by direct-forcing immersed boundary (DFIB) method. The Navier–Stokes equations are coupled with equations of motion through virtua...
The application of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to computational fluid dynamics simulations has recently attracted tremendous attention. In the simulations of PINNs, the collocation points are required to conform to the fluid–solid...
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over motor–premotor regions may modulate motor performance, though underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Twenty-four athletes (9 females, 15 males) were randomly assigned to receive anodal tDCS (2...
Background/Objectives: This study evaluated whether walking speed and backward-directed resistive force interact to systematically alter knee joint kinematics and activity of knee flexor and extensor muscles in healthy adults. Methods: Fourteen activ...
In this study, closed form stress functions of a curved beam are determined by theory of elasticity. The beam is subjected to a single force arbitrarily directed at the free end. Stresses are plotted for various sections of the beam and various direc...
Quantifying dust aerosol radiative impacts on crop growth in arid regions is challenging due to sparse ground observation networks for photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Conventional meteorological stations only provide regional-averaged sola...
Wireless sensor network deployment should be optimized to maximize network coverage. The D-S evidence theory is an effective means of information fusion that can handle not only uncertainty and inconsistency, but also ambiguity and instability. This...
Presented in this paper is a bi-directional out-of-plane actuator which combines the merits of the electrostatic repulsive principle and the electrostatic attractive principle. By taking advantage of the electrostatic repulsive mode, the common “pull...
A directional valve is a core component of the electro-hydraulic shakers in fatigue testing machines, controlling the cylinder or motor that drives the piston for reciprocating linear or rotary motion. In this article, a high-speed rotating direction...
Compliant force control is a fundamental capability for enabling robots to interact safely and effectively with dynamic and uncertain environments. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of compliant force control strategies, intending to enhance...
A tendon-driven robot offers many advantages, such as easy designs for mass distribution that facilitate dexterous motion. A procedure to design such a robot using a single actuator to achieve the desired force direction and magnitude on an endpoint...
A modified Prandtl–Ishlinskii (PI) model, referred to as a direct inverse asymmetric PI (DIAPI) model in this paper, was implemented to reduce the displacement error between a predicted model and the actual trajectory of a piezoelectric actuator whic...
The spatiotemporal variation of aerosol optical depth at 550 nm (AOD550), Ångström exponent at 470–660 nm (AE470–660), water vapor content (WVC), and shortwave (SW) instantaneous aerosol direct radiative effects (IADRE) at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA)...
Large quasi-elliptical cylinders are extensively used in ocean engineering. To enhance a better understanding of the hydrodynamic wave force on such quasi-elliptical cylinders during extreme events, a series of experiments on extreme wave interaction...
Exterior louver blinds are one of the most common shading devices attached to the building façade, which will not only screen solar radiation but also affect the flow around the building and change the convective heat exchange at the faç...
Infilled joints or faults are often subjected to long-term stable shear forces, and nature surface processes of normal unloading can change the frictional balance. Therefore, it is essential to study the sliding behavior of such granular materials un...
Background/Objectives: This study evaluated the influence of key biomechanical parameters—orthodontic force magnitude, loading direction, and insertion depth—on stress and strain distribution in orthodontic mini-implants using three-dimen...
The Spectrometer for Sky-Scanning, Sun-Tracking Atmospheric Research (4STAR) being developed for airborne measurements will offer retrievals of aerosol microphysical and optical properties from multi-angular and multi-spectral measurements of sky rad...
This study proposes the mechanism of two-dimensional ultrasonic assisted grinding- electrolysis-discharge generating machining (2UG-E-DM). It analyzed the influence of vibration directions on grinding characteristics and surface morphology through th...
Based on the understanding that the essence of secondary recrystallization of Goss texture is to restrain the abnormal growth of {110}<112>, {210}<001> and partial Goss texture {110}<225>, it was concluded that making sharp Goss gro...
Pipeline pullback load is a crucial basis for drill rig selection and pipeline strength design. This paper presents a new pullback load calculation model from the perspective of pipe–borehole wall contact. The pipe–borehole wall contact a...
The dynamic characteristics and energy loss in a shifting control system is important and necessary in the performance improvement of an automatic transmission. The direct operating solenoid valve has been considered as a potential component applying...
The vertical tail plays a crucial role in aircraft directional stability and lateral control, especially during low-speed operations such as takeoff and landing. This study examines the effect of aircraft mass on vertical tail geometry through a stat...
Haptic information is essential in everyday activities, especially for visually impaired people in terms of real-world navigation. Since human haptic sensory processing is nonlinear, asymmetric vibrations have been widely studied to create a pulling...
of 140