Gait analysis plays a crucial role in detecting and monitoring various neurological and musculoskeletal disorders early. This paper presents a comprehensive study of the automatic detection of abnormal gait using 3D vision, with a focus on non-invasi...
Medical audio classification for lung abnormality diagnosis is a challenging problem owing to comparatively unstructured audio signals present in the respiratory sound clips. To tackle such challenges, we propose an ensemble model by incorporating di...
In recent years, deep learning has dominated medical image segmentation. Encoder-decoder architectures, such as U-Net, can be used in state-of-the-art models with powerful designs that are achieved by implementing skip connections that propagate loca...
9 October 2022
In this paper, a novel approach for abnormal gait and tremor detection using a smart walking cane is introduced. Periodic muscle movement associated with Parkinson’s disease, such as arm shaking, vibrating arm, trembling fingers, rhythmic wrist...
Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze a group of patients with a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) examined with ECG-gated cardiac CT (ECG-CT), focusing on the assessment of the clinical reasons for cardiac CT, cardiovascular abnormal...
An abnormal star-like defect was found on the failed SiC gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) devices after metal removal and KOH etching at 450 °C in this work. It is of extraordinary larger size of 210–580 µm, even much larger than the etc...
Aiming at resonance-state identification for hydraulic gates, firstly, finite element simulation was employed to analyze the vibration frequencies of the gate under various opening degrees. Subsequently, excitation experiments were conducted to compa...
Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) materials, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), stand out due to their atomically thin layered structure and exceptional electrical properties. Consequently, they could potentially become o...
Abnormal gait recognition, which aims to detect and identify deviations from normal walking patterns indicative of various health conditions or impairments, holds promising applications in healthcare and many other related fields. Currently, Wi-Fi-ba...
Voltage-gated channels are crucial in action potential initiation and propagation and there are many diseases and disorders related to them. Additionally, the classical mechanics are the main mechanics used to describe the function of the voltage-gat...
Ship abnormal behavior detection is an essential part of maritime supervision. It can assist maritime departments to conduct real-time supervision on a certain sea area, avoid ship risks, and improve the efficiency of sea area supervision. Given the...
In this study, the effects of the total ionizing dose (TID) on a nanowire (NW) field-effect transistor (FET) and a nanosheet (NS) FET were analyzed. The devices have Gate-all-around (GAA) structure that are less affected by TID effects because GAA st...
Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) represents a second-line imaging modality that provides multiparametric and multiplanar views that are crucial for confirming diagnoses, detecting associated pathologies, and resolving inconclusive ultrasound f...
The discharge of low-temperature water from the middle and lower layers of thermally stratified dam reservoirs leads to thermal pollution and adversely affects fish production and reproduction in downstream rivers. Selective water withdrawal using st...
Background: The present study investigated the role of proteins from the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family in schizophrenia-like abnormalities in a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia induced by prenatal methylazoxymethanol (MAM) admi...
Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) disrupt the electrochemical balance of biological membranes, thereby causing abnormal cation movement and deterioration of the function of membrane voltage-gated ion channels. These can trigger an increase of oxidative s...
Background/Objectives: Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated not only with obsessions and compulsions, but also with cognitive dysfunction involving inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, working memory, attention, decision-maki...
Emerging evidence suggests that the proper control of mitochondrial dynamics provides a window for therapeutic intervention for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. The transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gam...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and is classically characterized by two major histopathological abnormalities: extracellular plaques composed of amyloid beta (Aβ) and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau. Due...
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly used in medical diagnosis and minimally invasive image-guided operations. During an MRI scan, the patient’s electrocardiogram (ECG) may be required for either gating or patient monitoring. However, t...
Abnormal heart rhythms are one of the significant health concerns worldwide. The current state-of-the-art to recognize and classify abnormal heartbeats is manually performed by visual inspection by an expert practitioner. This is not just a tedious t...
Neurovascular compression syndromes (NVCS), including trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and hemifacial spasm (HFS), are characterized by disabling symptoms caused by vascular compression of cranial nerves. Although microvascular decompression is an establish...
The metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 (mGlu5) and adenosine A(2A) receptor form a mutually inhibitory heteromer with the dopamine D2 receptor, where the activation of either mGlu5 or A(2A) leads to reduced D2 signaling. This study investigated w...
Background/Objectives: Epilepsy is a brain disease with both environmental and genetic inputs. Ion channel dysfunction seems to be of great significance for abnormal neuronal behavior during epileptic seizures. Within neurons, the voltage-gated sodiu...
Accurate identification and prediction of abnormal strata pressure in intelligent longwall mining faces are essential for ensuring mine safety and production efficiency. Although machine learning has been increasingly applied to hydraulic support res...
The aim of this review is to identify possible structural abnormalities of BrS and their potential association with symptoms, risk stratification, and prognosis. (1) Background: BrS has always been considered a purely electrical disease and imaging t...
A variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders have recently been shown to be highly associated with the abnormal development and function of oligodendrocytes (OLs) and interneurons. OLs are the myelin-forming cells in the central nervous system...
Since the beginning of the 21st century, infrared Nd:YVO4 pulsed lasers have been widely applied, especially in some actual industrial processes. In the working process of a laser-aided etching device, the “match-head” effect must be effe...
Paramyotonia congenita (PMC) is a rare hereditary skeletal muscle disorder. The major symptom, muscle stiffness, is frequently induced by cold exposure and repetitive exercise. Mutations in human SCN4A gene, which encodes the α-subunit of Nav1....
CLIP-based zero-shot anomaly detection has recently shown strong generalization by aligning visual features with textual normal/abnormal concepts. However, CLIP has essentially been trained for image-level text alignment, making it difficult to ensur...
In this work, we report an active respiration monitoring sensor based on a piezoelectric-transducer-gated thin-film transistor (PTGTFT) aiming to measure respiration-induced dynamic force in real time with high sensitivity and robustness. It differs...
The normal operation of the marine diesel engine is of great significance to ensure the normal navigation of the ship. Predicting its operation state and judging whether the diesel engine is in the abnormal state in advance can guarantee the safe nav...
The increased adoption of cloud computing resources produces major loopholes in cloud computing for cybersecurity attacks. An intrusion detection system (IDS) is one of the vital defenses against threats and attacks to cloud computing. Current IDSs e...
During the flood season, Francis turbines often operate under low-head and full-load conditions, frequently experiencing significant pressure pulsations, posing potential threats to the safe and stable operation of the units. However, the factors con...
This paper proposes a formal framework for synthesizing multi-stage condition-based maintenance (CBM) decision logic for marine diesel monitoring systems. The design object is treated not as a single threshold or classifier output, but as an implemen...
Many human cardiovascular and neurological disorders (such as ischemia, epileptic seizures, traumatic brain injury, neuropathic pain, etc.) are associated with the abnormal functional activity of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs/NaVs). Many natur...
With the development of smart manufacturing, in order to detect abnormal conditions of the equipment, a large number of sensors have been used to record the variables associated with production equipment. This study focuses on the prediction of Remai...
Electromechanical actuators (EMAs) have shown a high efficiency in flight surface control with the development of more electric aircraft. In order to identify the abnormalities and potential failures of EMA, a methodology for fault diagnosis is devel...
We analyze the comparative performance of predicting the transition from normal to abnormal vibration states, simulating the motor’s condition before a drone crash, by proposing a concatenated vibration prediction model (CVPM) based on recurren...
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are responsible for the initiation and propagation of action potentials in the brain and muscle. Pathogenic variants in genes encoding VGSCs have been associated with severe disorders including epileptic encephal...
Condition monitoring can identify abnormal operating states, but a diagnostic posterior does not specify how much load a remaining unit can accept after a dropout. We evaluate a sensor-to-action interface that converts calibrated condition probabilit...
Astrocytes are non-excitable cells in the CNS that can cause life-threatening astrocytoma tumors when they transform to cancerous cells. Perturbed homeostasis of the neurotransmitter glutamate is associated with astrocytoma tumor onset and progressio...
Water distribution systems are critical infrastructures, and are highly susceptible to a wide range of anomalies like leaks and component failures. Hence, timely detection of abnormal system behavior is essential for their safe and efficient operatio...
This paper introduces KG-FLoc, a knowledge graph-enhanced framework for secondary circuit fault localization in intelligent substations. The proposed KG-FLoc innovatively formalizes secondary components (e.g., circuit breakers, disconnectors) as grap...
Observations of peak and average currents are important for designed circuits, as faulty circuits have abnormal peaks and average currents. Using current bounds to detect faulty chips is a comparatively innovative idea, and many advanced schemes with...
Industrial sensor systems are increasingly vulnerable to both physical anomalies and cyberattacks, while their collected time series typically present complex periodic and non-stationary characteristics, along with dynamic spatial dependencies among...
Water distribution network (WDN) is a human-centered infrastructure that is indispensable for modern cities worldwide. In addition to optimizing the operation and management (O&M) of WDNs under the current state, water utilities should be able to...
Drones are increasingly used in several industries, including rescue, firefighting, and agriculture. If the motor connected to a drone’s propeller is damaged, there is a risk of a drone crash. Therefore, to prevent such incidents, an accurate a...
(1) Objectives: The impact of abnormal body mass index (BMI) on health is extensive, and various risk factors contribute to its effects. This study aimed to examine the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and BMI categories, incl...
Several studies have demonstrated that irregularities in eye movements represent an important indicator to diagnose diseases affecting the central nervous system. In fact, abnormal horizontal and vertical eye movements play an important role in measu...
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