Electric heaters are widely used owing to their portability, fast heating, single-focus heating, and energy efficiency advantages. Manufacturers provide customers with information on the power consumption and energy efficiency classes of heaters but...
The low-strain integrity testing of large-diameter piles has attracted more and more attention because of its wide application in offshore engineering, such as for wind turbines, etc. Body and Rayleigh waves generate on the top surface of large-diame...
Urban parks play a crucial role in mitigating urban heat stress and maintaining ecological stability through their cold island effect (PCIE). However, studies examining how multidimensional urban morphology influences these effects, particularly from...
With the continuous advancement of urbanization, the urban heat island effect has become increasingly prominent. Studying the cooling effect of urban green space can provide direction for improving the comfort of urban residents and reducing the harm...
The coupled compression–torsion effects of three-dimensional chiral mechanical metamaterials have attracted widespread attention from researchers in recent years. However, the deformation rules and mechanisms through which geometric parameters...
A number of experiments on fluid flow at the micro/nano-scale have demonstrated that flow velocity obviously deviates from the classical Poiseuille’s law due to the micro forces between the wall and the fluid. Based on an oil–water two-phase network...
Experiments have shown that a suspension of particles of different dimensions pushed through a periodic lattice of micrometric obstacles can be sorted based on particle size. This label-free separation mechanism, referred to as Deterministic Lateral...
In the field of transportation, the accurate estimation of tire–road peak friction coefficient (TRPFC) is very important to improve vehicle safety performance and the efficiency of road maintenance. The existing estimation algorithms rarely con...
At present, assessment techniques for the fracability of shale reservoirs, which rely on the formation of an effective fracture network, are scarce. Hence, in order to assess the fracability, it is critical to establish a quantitative correlation bet...
Ordinary backfill has characteristics such as low compressive strength, low tensile strength, and easy bending, which cannot meet the stability requirements of reserved tunnels, but three-dimensional flexible mesh can be added to improve it. In this...
Seamless knitting technology involves knitting diverse tissue structures in the same three-dimensional knitted fabric in horizontal and vertical rows without forming seams, and the transition tissues are typically used for fabric tissues with signific...
Enhanced approximate expressions for the incipient indicial lift of thin wings in subsonic potential flow are presented in this study, featuring explicit analytical corrections for the unsteady downwash. Lifting-line and acoustic-wave theories form t...
In the array design of the vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT), the wake effect of the upstream VAWT on the downstream VAWT needs to be considered. In order to simulate the velocity distribution of a VAWT wake rapidly, a new two-dimensional numerical...
The objective was to optimize the existing solution for the limit support pressure of a tunnel face. Firstly, based on the numerical simulation results, the existing three-dimensional analytical solution for pore water pressure distribution is expand...
The finite volume method and potential-vorticity vector formalism in their three-dimensional form were used to numerically study the impact of an adiabatic and impermeable vertical barrier on the dispersion of a local aero-contaminant due to the doub...
In this research, the vibration and buckling of three-dimensional graphene foam (3D-GrF) microshells are investigated for the first time. In the microshells, three-dimensional graphene foams can distribute uniformly or non-uniformly through the thick...
The combination of global climate change and the urban heat island effect has given rise to a deterioration in the livability of residential districts within cities, posing challenges to enhancing the health quality of urban environments. Meanwhile,...
The ball-milling of materials is a mechanical grinding method that has different effects on treated materials, and can be used for the direct synthesis of organometal halide perovskite (OHP) crystals. Herein, the effect of such a process, extended ov...
With the rapid development of wearable smart electronic products, high-performance wearable flexible strain sensors are urgently needed. In this paper, a flexible strain sensor device with Fe NWs/Graphene/PEDOT:PSS material added under a porous struc...
Visual searching is a key cognitive process for acquiring external information, involving the identification of specific stimuli in complex environments. This study, utilizing Virtual Reality (VR) technology and eye-tracking devices, systematically e...
In this paper, we demonstrate that 20 μm microbeads can be preferentially assembled into substrate trenches of similar width by employing a polymer (depletant) that induces the depletion volume effect (depletion attraction). In previous works, we...
For the numerical prediction of turbomachinery flows, a two-equation turbulence model in combination with a proper transition model to account for laminar boundary layers and their transition to turbulence is state of the art. This paper presents the...
Background and objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of decompression on jaw cysts according to various parameters by volumetric analysis using three-dimensional computed tomography. Materials and methods: Fifty patients who unde...
The coupling of water level fluctuations and heavy rainfall in the Three Gorges reservoir area poses a significant threat to the stability of bank slopes, especially in landslide areas with complex geological conditions. In this study, the Huasushu s...
Visual complexity, as an attribute of images related to human perception, has been widely studied in computer science and psychology. In conventional studies, the research objects have been limited to the traditional two-dimensional (2D) patterns or...
In experiments, flame surface density (FSD), defined as flame area per volume, is usually approximated by its two-dimensional (2D) value, as flame length per area. However, this approximation may underestimate the flame wrinkle due to the presence of...
The SAW (surface acoustic wave) gyroscopic effect is a key parameter that reflects the sensitivity performance of SAW angular velocity sensors. This study found that adding a layer of non-piezoelectric material with a lower reflection coefficient tha...
The development of efficient materials for energy storage applications has attracted considerable attention, especially for supercapacitors and batteries that are the most promising and important power sources in everyday life. For this purpose, a su...
The effect of corona discharge from buildings or structures on the surrounding atmospheric electric field is very important in the measurement of urban atmospheric electric fields and the early warning of lightning. However, most previous studies wer...
In our recent studies, we have developed a thermodynamic biochemical model able to select the resonant frequency of an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) specifically affecting different types of cancer, and we have demonstrated...
Immersive virtual reality (VR) systems are becoming widely used for education with three-dimensional (3D) information. Specifically, three-dimensional spaces to create virtual environments can help increase students’ learning interest and abili...
Residual stress has a three-dimensional scale effect (length, depth, and width) in the process of repair welding, which has a detrimental impact on the service of the aluminum alloy welded structures in high-speed trains. This paper aims to systemati...
A three-dimensional upwind conservation element and solution element method (CESE) in cylindrical coordinates is first developed to effectively solve the unsteady reactive Euler equations governing a hydrogen–air rotating detonation engine (RDE...
Porous media have great application prospects, such as transpiration cooling for the aerospace industry. The main challenge for the prediction of gas permeability includes the geometrical complexity and high Knudsen number of gas flow at the nano-sca...
The Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge (APGD) is a relatively simple and versatile plasma source used in a wide range of applications. Active cooling of the cathode can effectively mitigate instabilities, leading to glow-to-arc transitions. This stu...
Additives can influence the processability and quality of three-dimensional (3D)-printed foods. Herein, the effects of apple polyphenols on the antioxidant activity and structure of 3D-printed processed cheese were investigated. The antioxidant activ...
(1) Background: In most cases, passive isolation control methods are commonly used for the seismic isolation design in bridge engineering. However, passive seismic isolation devices, due to their non-adjustable performance parameters, struggle to ach...
An excimer laser three-dimensional (3D) micromachining system is proposed based on a mask image projection method and the optical diffraction effect. The effects of optical diffraction on the laser machining rate are evaluated using a hole-arrayed ma...
Plasma bubbles represent notable ionospheric irregularities primarily observed in low latitudes, characterized by plasma depletions exhibiting large spatial scales, which can make a significant impact on the propagation of OTHR (over-the-horizon rada...
Many vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) require arms, which generally provide aerodynamic resistance, to connect the main blades to the rotating shaft. Three–dimensional numerical simulations were conducted to clarify the effects of a gap plac...
This article presents a three-dimensional numerical investigation of heat and mass transfers and fluid flow in a cavity filled with an Al2O3/water micropolar fluid under uniform magnetic field. To solve the governing non-dimensional equations, Finite...
An effective Hamiltonian finite element method is presented in this paper to investigate the three-dimensional dynamic responses of a towed cable-payload system with large deformation. The dynamics of a flexible towed system moving in a medium is a c...
Three-dimensional printed concrete (3DPC) has emerged as an innovative construction technology for extreme environments, offering advantages in thermal insulation, reduced labor requirements, and rapid construction. However, this layer-by-layer depos...
Enamel erosion has become a common clinical finding that often impairs dental esthetics and function. In the current study, we aimed to implement the three-dimensional surface texture analysis (3DST) method to explore the protective effect of fluorid...
Water diversion projects are a crucial measure for addressing eutrophication in shallow lakes worldwide. However, the impacts of different water diversion operation schemes on lake hydrodynamics and water quality can vary significantly, necessitating...
In order to ensure the safety of temporary piers during bridge construction, it is necessary to analyze the water flow effects on temporary piers during flood periods. Based on the practical engineering of a new bridge in Jiangxi province, a three-di...
The effect of thermal radiation on the three-dimensional magnetized rotating flow of a hybrid nanofluid has been numerically investigated. Enhancing heat transmission is a contemporary engineering challenge in a range of sectors, including heat excha...
Deterministic channel models, such as the three-dimensional (3D) ray launching method, can yield wireless channel parameters. In the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation, the outdoor 3D ray launching method that considers diffraction effects is more...
There is a growing demand for flexible pressure sensors in environmental monitoring and human–robot interaction robotics. A flexible and susceptible sensor can discriminate multidirectional pressure, thus effectively detecting signals of small...
We report the CoII-substitution effect on a cyanido-bridged three-dimensional FeII spin-crossover network, Fe2[Nb(CN)8](4-pyridinealdoxime)8·2H2O. A series of iron–cobalt octacyanidoniobate, (FexCo1−x)2[Nb(CN)8](4-pyridinealdoxime)8·zH2O, was prepare...
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