In this paper, we provide a systematic comparison of distribution matching (DM) and sphere shaping (SpSh) algorithms for short blocklength probabilistic amplitude shaping. For asymptotically large blocklengths, constant composition distribution match...
Constellation shaping has been widely used in optical communication systems. We review recent advances in two-dimensional constellation shaping technologies for fiber-optic communications. The system architectures that are discussed include probabili...
Probabilistic amplitude shaping—implemented through a distribution matcher (DM)—is an effective approach to enhance the performance and the flexibility of bandwidth-efficient coded modulations. Different DM structures have been proposed i...
Electrostatic rotary bell sprayers (ERBSs) are widely used in the automotive industry. In ERBS, atomization is facilitated using centrifugal forces which disintegrate the paint film inside the cup into droplets at the cup edge. The droplets are then...
Background: This study investigates the accuracy, stability, and safety of computer-assisted microcatheter shaping for intracranial aneurysm coiling. Methods: Using the solid model, a microcatheter was shaped using computer-assisted techniques or man...
Microfluidic devices for drop and emulsion production are often built using fire-shaped (or fire-polished) glass nozzles. These are usually fabricated manually with inexpensive equipment. The shape limitations and poor reproducibility are pointed as...
Thermal Energy Storage (TES) materials, such as Phase Change Materials (PCMs) are proven to enhance the energy efficiency in many fields, such as automotive and building sectors, which correspond to the most energy intensive ones. Shape-stabilized PC...
Laser shaping technology and its applications have gained widespread attention in different fields. Using laser repair technology prolongs the service life of micro-explosive products and reduces the production cost, as well as enables the recycling...
Wavefront shaping through a multi-core fiber (MCF) is turning into an attractive method for endoscopic imaging and optical cell-manipulation on a chip. However, the discrete distribution and the low number of cores induce pixelated phase modulation,...
According to different mission scenarios, the UAV swarm needs to form specific topology shapes to achieve more robust system capability. The topology shaping, which will guide the UAVs autonomously to form the desired topology shape, is considered on...
Ultrafast or ultrashort pulsed lasers have become integral in numerous industrial applications due to their high precision, non-thermal interaction with materials, and ability to induce nonlinear absorption. These characteristics have expanded their...
Since its introduction to the field in mid-1990s, photoacoustic imaging has become a fast-developing biomedical imaging modality with many promising potentials. By converting absorbed diffused light energy into not-so-diffused ultrasonic waves, the r...
In digital nuclear spectroscopy, trapezoidal shaping is widely used. Compared with traditional CR-RC4 semi-Gaussian shaping, it has a better energy resolution and higher counting rates, but does not void the pulse pile-up in the case of extreme count...
Electropolishing (EP) is most widely used as a metal finishing process. It is a non-contact electrochemical process that can clean, passivate, deburr, brighten, and improve the biocompatibility of surfaces. However, there is clear potential for it to...
Graduate students need a wide range of professional skills, and shaping is one of the critical skills they must learn. This study trained graduate students to acquire shaping skills in an immersive virtual reality environment using the Portable Opera...
In this paper, two approaches for generating deflection reduction shaping commands are proposed to reduce the transient and residual deflections of flexible systems subject to asymmetric first-order actuators. The commands are limited-state in that t...
The paper presents an innovative approach to solving interdisciplinary problems emerging in the design process of building free forms roofed with elastically transformed corrugated shells. The effectiveness and rationality of shaping such free forms...
Shaping building objects is conditioned by many interrelated factors, both architectural and structural. Modern tools for shaping structures working in the environment of Rhinoceros 3D such as Grasshopper and Karamba 3D enable algorithmic-aided shapi...
Lattice codes play an important role in wireless communication and are closely related to linear codes. Multi-level constructions of complex lattices from codes are known to produce lattice codes with desirable parameters and efficient encoding and d...
Traditional design and shaping methods of helical gears may have difficulties in meeting the requirements of multiple performance indicators simultaneously, such as tooth surface accuracy, load-carrying capacity, and transmission efficiency. This stu...
The correlation of the architectural form and the structural system should be the basis for rational shaping. This paper presents algorithmic-aided shaping curvilinear steel bar structures for roofs, using modern digital tools, working in the environ...
Shaping is very necessary in order to obtain a wide and flat supercontinuum (SC). Via numerical simulations, we accurately demonstrated shaping the SC using the fiber cascading method to significantly increase the width as well as the flatness of the...
The importance of fruit shape studies extends beyond fundamental plant biology, as it holds significant implications for breeding. Understanding the genetic and hormonal regulation of fruit morphology can facilitate targeted breeding strategies to en...
As a typical high-order modulation format optimization technology, constellation probability shaping enhances generalized mutual information (GMI) by optimizing the probability distribution of each constellation point of the signal. It can improve th...
Synthetic zeolites are widely used as catalysts/carriers for many petrochemical reactions and in refining processes. These materials are usually synthesized in a powder form and must be shaped prior to use in industrial reactors. This review presents...
A modulation method is proposed for generating identical UWB chaotic radio pulses using an analog generator of chaotic oscillations. The problem is on the edge of two contradicting requirements: (1) theoretical ability to produce a huge number of var...
Spur shaping cutters, the most versatile gear cutting tools, are used to produce gears that are limited in general cutting cases, such as internal gears and stacked gears. The side clearance angle, which is formed by the profile shifting on the tooth...
Probabilistic constellation shaping is investigated in the context of nonlinear fiber optic communication channels. Based on a general framework, different link types are considered—1. dispersion-managed channels, 2. unrepeatered transmission c...
Increasing demand for higher-speed and large-capacity data communications has driven the development of constellation shaping technology. This paper proposes a hybrid constellation shaping scheme for 64-quadrature amplitude modulation (64QAM) based o...
In a worldwide effort to generate clinically useful therapeutic or preventive interventions, harnessing biophysical stimuli for directing cell fate is a powerful strategy. With the vision to control cell function through engineering cell shape, bette...
A general overview of Noise-Shaping Successive Approximation Register (SAR) analog-to-digital converters is provided, encompassing the fundamentals, operational principles, and key architectures of Noise-Shaping SAR (NS SAR). Key challenges, includin...
While place branding strategies are increasingly implemented in rural tourism, they are criticised for issues of exclusion and homogenisation. In response, attempts have been made to rejuvenate place branding by integrating the ideology of place-shap...
Background: Eating disorders are increasingly diagnosed in young women, particularly during adolescence. The recently described Anorexic Readiness Syndrome (ARS) is more common than full-blown anorexia. It has been identified in female athletes engag...
Optical wireless charging is a nonradiative long-distance power transfer method. It may potentially play an important role in certain scenarios where access is challenging, and the radio frequency power transfer is less efficient. The divergence of t...
Laser–plasma interactions (LPIs) hinder the interaction of high-energy laser pulses with targets. The use of broadband low-coherence light has been proposed to reduce the impact of LPIs. In this study, to improve the time–frequency charac...
Functional topology shaping is crucial for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) swarm applications, such as remote sensing, precision agriculture, and emergency wireless communication. However, the current research on topology shaping is mostly based on t...
HKUST-1 is a metal-organic framework (MOF) that is widely studied as an adsorbent for CO2 capture because of its high adsorption capacity and good CO2/CH4 selectivity. However, the numerous synthesis routes for HKUST-1 often result in the obtention o...
Lasers with average powers of several kilowatts have become an important tool for industrial applications. Temporal and spatial beam shaping was demonstrated to improve existing and enable novel applications. A very promising technology for both high...
In pneumatic atomizers, the shaping air holes play an important role in the spraying system. The pressure and intersection of shaping air holes are the two most important parameters in engineering. In this paper, the Euler–Lagrangian method is...
Zeolites are crystalline metallosilicates displaying unique physicochemical properties with widespread applications in catalysis, adsorption, and separation. They are generally obtained by a multi-step process that starts with primary mixture aging,...
In this study, a pipelined noise-shaping successive-approximation register analog-to-digital converter (PLNS-SAR ADC) structure was proposed to achieve high resolution and to be free from comparator design requirements. The inter-stage amplifier and...
This paper proposes a new shape-based method in spherical coordinates to solve three-dimensional rendezvous problems. Compared with the existing shape-based methods, the proposed method does not need parameter optimization. Moreover, it improves the...
Photocathode laser pulse shaping is a crucial technology for enhancing the performance of X-ray free-electron lasers by optimizing the quality of electron beams generated from photocathodes within high-gradient radio frequency guns. By precisely shap...
In a high-brightness photocathode gun, the non-uniformity in both the transverse distribution of the photocathode drive laser and the quantum efficiency (QE) map can lead to degradation in electron beam quality. This study explores an adaptive transv...
This paper provides an overview on our recent investigations on the consolidation of hierarchy-structured nanopowder agglomerates and related applications to net-shaping nanopowder materials. Understanding the nanopowder agglomerate sintering (NAS) p...
In this paper, we propose an innovative channel-sensitive autoencoder (CSAE)-aided end-to-end deep learning (E2EDL) technique for joint geometric probabilistic shaping. The pretrained conditional generative adversarial network (CGAN) is introduced in...
Wavefront shaping is a well-known method of restoring a focus deep within scattering media by manipulating the incident light. However, the achievable focus enhancement depends on and is limited by the optical and geometrical properties of the medium...
In this paper, a loop shaping controller design methodology for single input and a single output (SISO) system is proposed. The theoretical background for this approach is based on complex elliptic functions which allow a flexible design of a SISO co...
This work presents fence shaping for dipole antenna operating at 5G high-band frequencies. A via fence is employed around the dipole to suppress back radiation. By varying the geometric shape of the fence, the dipole’s radiation characteristics...
In order to improve the production efficiency and elastic quality of spring cable, and meet the market demand of automatic mass production, based on the market research and experimental analysis of common spring cable shaping methods, a rapid shaping...
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