The importance of fluorescence light microscopy for understanding cellular and sub-cellular structures and functions is undeniable. However, the resolution is limited by light diffraction (~200–250 nm laterally, ~500–700 nm axially). Meanwhile, super...
Optical methods of super-resolution microscopy, such as confocal microscopy, structured illumination, nonlinear microscopy, and image scanning microscopy are reviewed. These methods avoid strong invasive interaction with a sample, allowing the observ...
Scanning Hall probe microscopy is attractive for minimally invasive characterization of magnetic thin films and nanostructures by measurement of the emanating magnetic stray field. Established sensor probes operating at room temperature employ highly...
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used in the study of solid carbon since the 1940s. A number of important forms of carbon have been discovered through the use of TEM, and our understanding of the microstructure of carbon has largely be...
We discuss the properties of signal strength and integrated intensity in two-photon excitation confocal microscopy and image scanning microscopy. The resolution, optical sectioning and background rejection are all improved over nonconfocal two-photon...
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has evolved from the originally morphological imaging technique to a powerful and multifunctional technique for manipulating and detecting the interactions between molecules at nanometer resolution. However, AFM cannot p...
The analysis of nanomaterials in pharmaceutical or cosmetic preparations is an important aspect both in formulation development and quality control of marketed products. Despite the increased popularity of nanoparticulate compounds especially in derm...
Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) has become an essential surface characterization technique in research and development. By concept, SPM performance crucially depends on the quality of the nano-probe element, in particular, the apex radius. Now, with...
Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) is a powerful extension of atomic force microscopy (AFM), which mostly uses nano-probes with functional coatings for studying magnetic surface features. Although well established, additional layers inherently increase...
Among biological museum specimens, many relatively small organisms are difficult to observe macroscopically. Therefore, their attractiveness to visitors is limited. To present such small objects, various magnifying techniques can be used in combinati...
Multiphoton microscopy has recently passed the milestone of its first 30 years of activity in biomedical research. The growing interest around this approach has led to a variety of applications from basic research to clinical practice. Moreover, this...
Correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) is an advanced imaging approach that faces critical challenges in the analysis of both materials and biological specimens. CLEM integrates the strengths of both light and electron microscopy, in a hard...
Diagnostic electron microscopy (DEM) was an essential component of viral diagnosis until the development of highly sensitive nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAT). The simple negative staining technique of DEM was applied widely to smallpox dia...
X-ray full-field microscopy at laboratory sources for photon energies above 10 keV suffers from either long exposure times or low resolution. The photon flux is mainly limited by the objectives used, having a limited numerical aperture NA. We show th...
Viruses threaten humans, livestock, and plants, and are difficult to combat. Imaging of viruses by light microscopy is key to uncover the nature of known and emerging viruses in the quest for finding new ways to treat viral disease and deepening the...
Metalloproteins are involved in key cell processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, and oxygen transport. However, the presence of transition metals (notably iron as a component of [Fe-S] clusters) often makes these proteins sensitive to oxygen-i...
A commercially available microfluidics flow cell was utilized together with widefield fluorescence microscopy to evaluate the effects of disinfectants on bacterial strains. The flow cell’s inner surface supports the formation of biofilms of num...
Formaldehyde (FA) fixation of infectious samples is a well-established protocol in diagnostic electron microscopy of viruses. However, published experimental data that demonstrate virus inactivation by these fixation procedures are lacking. Usually,...
The modern fluorescence microscope is the convergence point of technologies with different performances in terms of statistical sampling, number of simultaneously analyzed signals, and spatial resolution. However, the best results are usually obtaine...
High aspect ratio carbon nanotubes are ideal candidates to improve the resolution and lifetime of atomic force microscopy (AFM) probes. Here, we present simple methods for the preparation of carbon nanotube modified AFM probes utilising solvent evapo...
COVID-19-associated rhino-orbital mucormycosis has become a new clinical entity. This study’s aim was to evaluate the histopathological and ultramicroscopic morphological aspects of this fungal infection. This was an observational retrospective...
Super-resolution microscopy has been recently applied to understand the 3D topology of chromatin at an intermediated genomic scale (kilobases to a few megabases), as this corresponds to a sub-diffraction spatial scale crucial for the regulation of ge...
Due to their unique properties—coherent radiation, diffraction limited focusing, low spectral bandwidth and in many cases short light pulses—lasers play an increasing role in live cell microscopy. Lasers are indispensable tools in 3D micr...
The Ti–Ag alloy system is an important constituent of dental casting materials and metallic biomaterials with antibacterial functions. The binary Ti–Ag alloy system is characterized by flat liquidus lines with metastable liquid miscibilit...
Clinically diagnosing fungal keratitis (FK) is challenging; diagnosis can be assisted by investigations including in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), smear microscopy, and culture. The aim of this study was to estimate the sensitivity in detecting fu...
The dynamics of neutrophil transendothelial migration was investigated in a model of experimental septicopyemia. Scanning ion-conductance microscopy allowed us to determine changes in morphometric characteristics of endothelial cells during this proc...
Three-dimensional image formation in microscopy is greatly enhanced by the use of computed imaging techniques. In particular, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Microscopy (ISAM) allows the removal of out-of-focus blur in broadband, coherent microsco...
Whole-brain imaging is important for understanding brain functions through deciphering tissue structures, neuronal circuits, and single-neuron tracing. Thus, many clearing methods have been developed to acquire whole-brain images or images of three-d...
In legumes, the seed storage proteins accumulate within specialized organelles called protein storage vacuoles (PSVs). In several plant species, PSVs are differentiated into subdomains that accumulate different kinds of proteins. Even though the exis...
Light microscopy has emerged as one of the fundamental methods to analyze biological systems; novel techniques of 3D microscopy and super-resolution microscopy (SRM) with an optical resolution down to the sub-nanometer range have recently been realiz...
Classical models of gene expression were built using genetics and biochemistry. Although these approaches are powerful, they have very limited consideration of the spatial and temporal organization of gene expression. Although the spatial organizatio...
Scanning nonlinear dielectric microscopy (SNDM) is a near-field microwave-based scanning probe microscopy method with a wide variety of applications, especially in the fields of dielectrics and semiconductors. This microscopy method has often been co...
Over the years, fluorescence microscopy has evolved and has become a necessary element of life science studies. Microscopy has elucidated biological processes in live cells and organisms, and also enabled tracking of biomolecules in real time. Develo...
Negative staining electron microscopy methods can be employed for the diagnosis of viral particles in animal samples. In fact, negative staining electron microscopy methods are used to identify viruses, especially in minor species and wild animals, w...
Magnetism plays a pivotal role in many biological systems. However, the intensity of the magnetic forces exerted between magnetic bodies is usually low, which demands the development of ultra-sensitivity tools for proper sensing. In this framework, m...
ATTO 565, a Rhodamine-type dye, has garnered significant attention due to its remarkable optical properties, such as a high fluorescence quantum yield, and the fact that it is a relatively stable structure and has low biotoxicity. ATTO 565 has found...
Cryopreservation has emerged as a low-maintenance, cost-effective solution for the long-term preservation of vegetatively propagated crops. Shoot tip cryopreservation often makes use of vitrification methods that employ highly concentrated mixtures o...
The goal of this study is to estimate the amount of lost data in electron microscopy and to analyze the extent to which experimentally acquired images are utilized in peer-reviewed scientific publications. Analysis of the number of images taken on el...
We fabricated superconducting and ferromagnetic nanostructures, which are intended for applications in transmission electron microscopy (TEM), in a commercial sample holder that can be cooled using liquid helium. Nanoscale superconducting quantum-int...
Since their invention, confocal microscopy and super-resolution microscopy have become important choices in cell biology research. Macropinocytosis is a critical form of endocytosis. Deformation of the cell membrane is thought to be closely related t...
Atomic-scale imaging using scanning probe microscopy is a pivotal method for investigating the morphology and physico-chemical properties of nanostructured surfaces. Time resolution represents a significant limitation of this technique, as typical im...
Single Layer Graphene (SLG) has emerged as a critically important nanomaterial due to its unique optical and electrical properties and has become a potential candidate for biomedical applications, biosensors, and tissue engineering. Due to its intrin...
Since the advent of super-resolution microscopy, countless approaches and studies have been published contributing significantly to our understanding of cellular processes. With the aid of chromatin-specific fluorescence labeling techniques, we are g...
This paper comprises a review of the rapidly expanding application of nanoscale mineral characterization methodology to the study of ore deposits. Utilising bismuth sulphosalt minerals from a reaction front in a skarn assemblage as an example, we ill...
Photoacoustic imaging has emerged as a promising modality for medical imaging since its introduction. Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), which is based on the photoacoustic effect, combines the advantages of both optical and acoustic imaging modalities....
Microscopes have long been an important tool for paleontology, but most researchers use biological microscopes that are designed for transmitted light illumination. Micropaleontology has traditionally involved investigations of individual organisms (...
Though microscopy is most often intended as a technique for providing qualitative assessment of cellular and subcellular properties, when coupled with other instruments such as wavelength selectors, lasers, photoelectric devices and computers, it can...
Correlative microscopy techniques are used for many different applications in the biological sciences because the comparison of different imaging methods allows researchers to gain more and often complementary information about their samples. Correla...
Pixel reassignment image scanning microscopy (PRISM) is a useful tool to improve the resolution of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) only equipped with a detector array. However, while it can improve the lateral resolution, it has little effe...
The super-resolution imaging technique of structured illumination microscopy (SIM) enables the mixing of high-frequency information into the optical transmission domain via light-source modulation, thus breaking the optical diffraction limit. Correla...
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