Biomacromolecules: Proteins, Nucleic Acids and Carbohydrates

Welcome to the “Biomacromolecules: Proteins, Nucleic Acids and Carbohydrates” Section of Biomolecules. This Section is dedicated to exploring the fundamental building blocks of life—proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates—and their crucial roles in biological processes.

Proteins are key structural and functional actors of the cell, and protein dysfunctions are often the cause of diseases. This Section is at the interface between chemistry, biology, and molecular medicine, and has a strong focus on the structure and function of proteins, including molecular mechanisms with biological and medical impacts, the role of protein–protein interactions in protein complexes and networks, and the applications of protein as biomarkers or therapeutic targets.

Nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA, carry the genetic information of living organisms and are involved in gene expression, regulation, and heredity. This Section covers all aspects of nucleic acid chemistry, structure, and function, with particular relevance for molecular biology and medical aspects, novel analytical technologies and tools, and non-natural nucleic acid analogues, mimics, and their properties.

Carbohydrates are not only a major source of energy but also play important roles in cell recognition, adhesion, and signaling. Studies on carbohydrate structure, biosynthesis, degradation pathways, and the function of glycoproteins and glycolipids are within the scope of this Section. Additionally, research on the role of carbohydrates in disease development and potential carbohydrate-based therapies is encouraged.

We welcome basic research, in vitro and in vivo investigations, and pre-clinical studies. However, manuscripts merely dealing with the modeling of data from public databases are not encouraged since they usually do not provide enough new insights or information for our readers. All manuscripts must be of high scientific quality. Specifically, those related to these biomacromolecules should either significantly advance the scientific understanding of the biological functions of biomacromolecules or expand their applications in novel analytical techniques or medicinal innovation. By bringing together diverse research findings, we aim to deepen our understanding of these biomacromolecules and their significance in biological systems, ultimately driving forward cutting-edge biological and biochemical research.

We aim to publish reviews and original research articles on, but not limited to, the following topics:

• Protein structure determination and folding.
• Post-translational protein modifications.
• Protein–protein interactions.
• Protein engineering and therapeutics.
• Gene expression and regulation.
• Functional and structural RNA (mRNA, miRNA, rRNA, tRNA, etc.).
• Alternatively structured nucleic acids (triple-helix, quadruplexes, and ribozymes).
• Functional nucleic acid modification (DNA methylation).
• Gene editing, mRNA editing.
• Nucleic acid derivatives and mimics.
• Nucleic acid analysis and detection.
• Carbohydrate structure and biosynthesis.
• Role of carbohydrates in cell recognition.
• Glycoprotein and glycolipid function.
• Carbohydrate-based therapies.
• Interplay between proteins and nucleic acids.
• Impact of carbohydrates on protein–nucleic acid interactions.
• Protein modification effects on nucleic acid processes.
• Multi-biomacromolecule-based therapies.