The voided slab system has been known as an effective technique to replace a heavy reinforced concrete slab system without the decrease in flexural strength. However, according to the previous studies, the flexural capacities such as flexural strengt...
In reinforced concrete (RC) structures, bond behavior between concrete and deformed steel bar (rebar) has a great effect on the structural behavior of members including voided slabs. According to previous research, bond behavior of a rebar in voided...
Background and Objectives: Partially thrombosed aneurysms represent a subset primarily found within large and giant aneurysms. The presence of an intraluminal thrombus can cause an aneurysm to present in different shapes upon angiographic examination...
Hybrid free-space optics (FSO) and optical fiber have been viewed as vital transmission techniques to satisfy high bandwidth and extended transmission range requirements under adverse environment conditions in the future last-mile obstruction problem...
Background/Objectives: “Ring-like” intracranial aneurysms—historically described as “doughnut-like” or “donut sign”—represent a rare configuration in which a central thrombus coexists with a circumferen...
Nutritionally unbalanced organic waste can be converted into potential resources for animal and plant farming by culturing black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL) and prepupae (BSFP). BSFL and BSFP are rich sources of protein and lipids,...
Bakery products are a popular staple food made from wheat flour and other ingredients. Common bread-making methods include baking, steaming, and frying. Recent trends focus on developing value-added bakery products by incorporating various health-pro...
Sodium chlorate is the most popular compound used to study spontaneous symmetry breaking by means of crystallization. Therefore, it is important to know the behavior of the solid particles. NaClO3 crystal growth and dissolution are investigated in an...
Mitochondria are involved in multiple aspects of neurodevelopmental processes and play a major role in the pathogenetic mechanisms leading to neuro-degenerative diseases. Fragile-X-related disorders (FXDs) are genetic conditions that occur due to the...
The ability to survive starvation is a critical evolutionary adaptation, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this capability remain incompletely understood. Pore-forming proteins (PFPs) are typically associated with immune defense, where they dis...
Wheel-based network resilience passive optical network (PON) based on mode division multiplexing (MDM) can be integrated with optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) schemes efficiently for the fixed and backhaul traffic under normal and break/...
To extend the shelf-life of packaged donut without the addition of preservative, polypropylene-based active composite films loaded with a combination of sorbic acid, BHA and BHT were prepared by the extrusion moulding method: T1 (Control-pure PP-film...
A generalized contour-sum method has been proposed to measure the topological charge (TC) of an optical vortex (OV) beam using a Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor (SH-WFS). Moreover, a recent study extended it to be workable for measuring an aber...
A major factor slowing down the establishment of additive manufacturing processes as production processes is insufficient reproducibility and productivity. Therefore, this work investigates the influence of ring-shaped beam profiles on process stabil...
The decades after the Second World War have seen economic growth and prosperity on an unprecedented scale. Yet this incredible turnover of raw materials and energy into goods and eventually waste has brought our planetary systems close to their limit...
We proposed a two-step poling technique to fabricate nanoscale domains based on the anti-parallel polarization reversal effect in lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI). The anti-parallel polarization reversal is observed when lithium niobate thin film...
This numerical simulation study introduces a novel phase-shifted Gaussian and donut beam excitation strategy for frequency-domain photoacoustic microscopy, capable of achieving optical sub-diffraction-limited lateral resolution. We demonstrate that t...
Air lasers induced by femtosecond laser filaments play an important role in remote sensing applications. Few studies have been dedicated to the spatial distribution of external-seeded air laser radiation in the laser filament based on the numerical s...
This paper presents a new design method for a capacitor-loaded cross-coupled cavity filter, which significantly increases the power capacity of the cavity filter while improving out-of-band rejection. The filter uses a coaxial resonator at the open e...
Nanohybrids of graphene and two-dimensional (2D) layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) nanostructures can provide a promising substrate for extraordinary surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) due to the combined electromagnetic enhancem...
In this work, we have achieved an advancement by integrating wide-angle capacity into vortex beams with an impressive topological charge (TC) of 12. This accomplishment was realized through the meticulous engineering of a propagation-phase-designed m...
Circular ground-based SAR (GBSAR) is a new 3D imaging GBSAR with the potential of acquiring high-quality 3D SAR images and 3D deformation. However, its donut-shaped spectrum and short radius of antenna rotation cause high sidelobes on 3D curved surfa...
Using the finite difference time domain (FD-TD) method, this paper studies radiation structures that can have multiple tunable frequency bands between 0.4 GHz and 4 GHz, a fixed band in [3.97, 5.36] GHz and an extremely wideband from 6.14 GHz to 68.2...
This article presents compact and novel shape ring slotted antenna array operating at mmWave band on central frequency of 28 GHz. The proposed structure designed at 0.256 mm thin Roggers 5880 is composed of a ring shape patch with a square slot etche...
Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) of light is generating growing interest within the scientific community. This entry reviews the origins and applications of OAM. It is the counterpart of linear momentum for systems in rotation. The general expression o...
The Ediacaran–Cambrian deposits of Brittany (Brioverian series) contain both a few isolated pluricentimetric discoid structures, dome-shaped or “donut”-shaped, and a multitude of centimetric to infracentimetric more or less elliptic...
Wafer map defect recognition depends on shape, which makes persistent homology a natural representation, but existing topological treatments have been validated on synthetic maps whose defect rings are intact. We evaluate the representation on the re...
This paper presents a theoretical demonstration of diverse microstructure fabrication by changing the angle of incidence of a six-beam laser interference lithography system. Different combinations are formed with transverse electric (TE) and transver...
Controlled fabrication of 45 nm width nanowire using simulated emission depletion (STED) direct laser writing with a rod-shape effective focus spot is presented. In conventional STED direct laser writing, normally a donut-shaped depletion focus is us...
A uniform distribution of power density (energy flux) in a stationary laser beam leads to a decrease in the overheating of the material in the center of the laser beam spot during laser powder bed fusion and a decrease in material losses due to its t...
For clarifying the validity of the Lepton Universality hypothesis, one of the fundamental statements of the Standard Model, the interaction cross section for all three flavors of leptons have to be known with high precision. In neutrino sector, for e...
Laser surface texturing (LST) is an effective method for enhancing surface functionality, but its effect on corrosion resistance highly depends on texture design and processing parameters. This study investigates the influence of two LST patterns&mda...
DNA damage occurs during DNA replication, spontaneous chemical reactions, and assaults by external or metabolism-derived agents. Therefore, all living cells must constantly contend with DNA damage. Cells protect themselves from these genotoxic stress...
In this study, through simulation and experimental verification, we proposed a novel hydrocyclone in which a tubular ceramic membrane passed through the overflow outlet to the underflow outlet. The centers of overflow and underflow outlets were tubul...
Human cystatin C (HCC), an amyloidogenic protein, forms dimers and higher oligomers (trimers, tetramers and donut like large oligomers) via a domain-swapping mechanism. The aim of this study was the characterization of the HCC oligomeric states obser...
Problems with the laser additive manufacturing of metal parts related to its low efficiency are known to hamper its development and application. The method of selective laser melting of metallic powders can be improved by the installation of an addit...
Laguerre–Gaussian beams are structured light beams with a donut-shaped symmetric intensity profile and a helical phase profile. The beam profile is defined by a quantized parameter known as the mode number which extends to infinity. The availab...
This study presents a novel, two-stage algorithm that minimizes the number of machines and operators required to produce multiple product types repeatedly in cyclic scheduling. Our algorithm treats the problem of minimum machines as a bin packing pro...
This paper analyzes the power distribution and flow of an inductive power transfer (IPT) system with two coupled coils by using the Poynting vector. The system is modelled with a current source flowing through the primary coil, and a uniformly loaded...
This study investigates the effects of hot stamping on boron steel surface properties, comparing uncoated steel to Al–Si-coated steel, with a focus on developing atmosphere-controlled hot stamping technology. Experiments using a hat-shaped spec...
Earth’s radiation belt and ring current are donut-shaped regions of energetic and relativistic particles, trapped by the geomagnetic field. The strengthened solar wind dynamic pressure (Pdyn) can alter the structure of the geomagnetic field, wh...
Similar to most wetlands, the Florida Everglades landscape was altered to promote agriculture and human settlement, significantly altering the natural hydrologic regime. Once former agricultural land located within Everglades National Park (ENP), the...
Rapid urbanisation is threatening agriculture in major cities worldwide. In the Greater Bandung Area (GBA), large-scale conversion of agricultural land into built-up areas has occurred over recent decades. Therefore, this study aimed to understand th...
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an irreversible degenerative condition causing bone deformation in the joints and articular cartilage degeneration with chronic pain and impaired movement. Adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) or crushed adipose tissue injection in...
The aim of the study was to examine the anthropometric measurements, sociodemographics, and lifestyle behaviors among Saudi adolescents relative to sex and physical activity (PA). A random cross-sectional survey conducted on Saudi adolescents from se...
Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is an ultra-rare multisystem premature aging disorder that leads to early death (mean age of 14.7 years) due to myocardial infarction or stroke. Most cases have a de novo point mutation at position G608G wi...
Blood transfusion, as well as organ transplantation, is only possible after prior blood group (BG) typing and crossmatching. The most important blood group system is that of Landsteiner’s ABO classification based on antigen presence on the eryt...
The presence of micro- and nano-plastics in the atmosphere has become evident, necessitating risk assessments for humans. Although submerged culture systems are often used to evaluate the safety of fine particles, some plastics float in culture media...
rGO/ZnO composites have been widely studied for use as toxic gas sensors due to the synergistic effect between the materials and the reduction in sensor operating temperature promoted by rGO. However, few studies have employed rGO/ZnO sensors for ozo...
Recent pharmaceutical research has focused on controlled drug delivery having an advantage over conventional methods. Adequate controlled plasma drug levels, reduced side effects as well as improved patient compliance are some of the benefits that th...
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