The latest research on applying beam oscillation in laser beam fusion cutting revealed significant process improvements regarding speed and quality. The reason for this increasing process efficiency remains unexplained; however, theoretical investiga...
The latest research on laser beam fusion cutting (LBFC) with static beam shaping have shown a limitation in the quality of cut parts for thick steel plates (> 6 mm) when using solid state lasers. The approach of dynamic beam oscillation has recent...
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) stores two high-energy counter-rotating particle beams consisting of multiple bunches of a nanosecond length. Precise knowledge of the number of particles within each bunch, known as the bunch intensity, is crucial for...
This review provides an overview of electron beam (eBeam) technology and its applications across a wide variety of disciplines. More importantly, it discusses this technology’s advantages and its benefits in developing inactivated vaccines. eBe...
Particle therapy is a well established clinical treatment of tumors. More than one hundred particle therapy centers are in operation world-wide. The advantage of using hadrons like protons or carbon ions as particles for tumor irradiation is the dist...
Mutation-breeding technologies are useful tools for the development of new biological resources in plants and microorganisms. In Takasaki Ion Accelerators for Advanced Radiation Application (TIARA) at the National Institutes for Quantum and Radiologi...
Clostridium perfringens (Cp) is a Gram-positive anaerobe that is one of the causative agents of necrotic enteritis (NE) in chickens, which leads to high mortality. Owing to the ban of administering antibiotics in feed to chickens, there has been an i...
In this paper, open loop and closed loop Tunneling Magnetoresistance (TMR) DC Current Transformers (DCCTs) for ion beam diagnostics are presented. The DCCTs employ MR sensors to measure the DC component of the accelerator’s ion beam. A comparative st...
Based on the second-order moments, the analytical expression of the beam propagation factor of a cosh-Airy beam has been derived. The beam propagation factor was determined by the decay factor and the cosh parameter. Because the beam propagation fact...
This study presents the design and development of electromagnetic dipole magnets for use as beam dumps and spectrometers in the MIR and THz free-electron laser (FEL) beamlines at the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory (PCELL). The magnets were optimiz...
Spot melting is an emerging alternative to traditional line melting in electron beam powder bed fusion, dividing a layer into thousands of individual spots. This method allows for an almost infinite number of spot arrangements and spot melting sequen...
Electron beam welding (EBW) shows certain problems with the control of focus regime. The electron beam focus can be controlled in electron-beam welding based on the parameters of a secondary signal. In this case, the parameters like secondary emissio...
Beam position uncertainties along the beam trajectory arise from the accelerator, beamline, and scanning magnets (SMs). They can be monitored in real time, e.g., through strip ionization chambers (ICs), and treatments can be paused if needed. Deliver...
A universal formula of the beam quality factor for a partially coherent Airy (PCA) beam in non-Kolmogorov turbulence has been investigated. Results of numerical simulation display that expanding the internal scales of non-Kolmogorov turbulence is goo...
In the newly developed hybrid prefabricated RC-steel structure (SS) foundation pit bracing system, the main braces are the main load-carrying components, which are assembled from standardized prefabricated reinforced concrete beam segments (referred...
We report the realization of an ultra-broadband bending beam based on acoustic metamaterials by the theoretical prediction and the numerical validation. The proposed structure is composed of a series of straight tubes with spatially modulated depths....
Theoretical predictions of laser beam interactions with jet-engine-exhaust-induced turbulence are of importance for optimization of various optical systems, including LIDARs and airborne laser measurement systems. This paper is based on the extended...
EN25 steels have been found to be applicable in shafts, gears, etc., but welding of EN25 steel was performed using electron beam welding with different oscillation beam diameters varying from 2 mm to 0.5 mm. The present study reports the effect of be...
This paper investigates the dynamic characteristics of rotating functionally graded material (FGM) micro-beams based on Euler–Bernoulli beam theory, Euler–Bernoulli beam theory incorporating shear deformation, and Timoshenko theory. The d...
The beam trawl is one of the primary operational trawls for Antarctic krill, and its beam provides horizontal expansion support for the trawl net. The hydrodynamic performance of the beam significantly affects the vertical expansion and sinking perfo...
(1) Background: The significant progress observed over the last two decades in coherent beam combining (CBC) technology has mainly focused on its applications in high-energy physics and laser weapons. This work provides insight into the basic princip...
Focused-electron-beam-induced deposition (FEBID) is the ultimate additive nanofabrication technique for the growth of 3D nanostructures. In the field of nanomagnetism and its technological applications, FEBID could be a viable solution to produce fut...
Plasma wakefields driven by high power lasers or relativistic particle beams can be orders of magnitude larger than the fields produced in conventional accelerating structures. Since the plasma wakefield is composed not only of accelerating but also...
This paper proposes a beam-reconfigurable antenna for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with wide beam coverage by applying beam-combining technology to multiple antennas with different beam patterns. The proposed multi-antenna system consists of a cir...
FLASH irradiations use dose-rates orders of magnitude higher than commonly used in patient treatments. Such irradiations have shown interesting normal tissue sparing in cell and animal experiments, and, as such, their potential application to clinica...
The generation of high-quality mid-infrared free-electron laser (MIR-FEL) radiation depends critically on precise control of electron beam parameters, including energy, energy spread, transverse emittance, bunch charge, and bunch length. At the PBP-C...
The application of electron beam sweep makes it possible to carry out multifocal and multi-beam welding, as well as combine the welding process with local heating or subsequent heat treatment, which is important when preparing products from thermally...
In this study, we present the results from electron-beam welding operations applied on copper and Al6082T6 aluminum alloys. The influence of beam-scanning geometries on the structure and mechanical properties of the welded joint is studied. The exper...
Cone-beam dental CT can provide high-precision 3D images of the teeth and surrounding bones. From the 3D CT images, 3D models, also called digital impressions, can be computed for CAD/CAM-based fabrication of dental restorations or orthodontic device...
Recently, layered-beam metamaterial structures have been gaining popularity in a variety of engineering applications including energy harvesting and vibration isolation. While both single-beam metamaterial structures and layered-beam metamaterial str...
Starting from key ultrasound imaging features such as spatial and temporal resolution, contrast, penetration depth, array aperture, and field-of-view (FOV) size, the reader will be guided through the pros and cons of the main ultrasound beam-forming...
To enhance welding quality and performance, preheating and post-heating are usually employed on high-temperature materials, concurrently with welding. This is a novel technique in vacuum chamber electron beam welding (EBW). TC17 and Ti2AlNb alloys ar...
In optical computing machines, many parameters of light beams can be used as data carriers. If the data are carried by optical vortices, the information can be encoded by the vortex topological charge (TC). Thus, some optical mechanisms are needed fo...
Ion beam sputter etching has been widely used in material surface modification and transmission electron microscope (TEM) sample preparation. Due to the complexity of the ion beam etching process, the quantitative simulation of ion beam sputtering is...
A fractal approach for the Timoshenko beam theory by applying differential vector calculus in a three-dimensional continuum with a fractal metric is developed. First, a summary of the tools needed, mathematical relationships, and background of fracta...
Based on the post-earthquake investigation of the Beiling and Hanshen earthquakes, many welded rigid beam–column joints were found to exhibit brittle failure. The failure modes of the joint region and the overall steel frame structure under the...
The development of process parameters for electron beam powder bed fusion (PBF-EB) is usually made with simple geometries and uniform scan lengths. The transfer to complex parts with various scan lengths can be achieved by adapting beam parameters su...
We derive the analytical expressions for root-mean-square (rms) beam wander (BW) and relative BW of a twisted electromagnetic elliptical vortex (TEEV) beam propagating through non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence with the help of the extended Huygen...
To significantly improve the electronic efficiency of coaxial multi-beam relativistic klystron amplifier (CMB-RKA), the physical process of beam-wave interaction and parameters that affect efficiency was studied. First, the high efficiency of beam-wa...
The geometry and quality of a weld seam are critical factors in laser beam welding, influencing mechanical performance and structural integrity. Dynamically modulated laser beams provide a precise means of tailoring energy input in high-power laser w...
Background: Bacterial Chondronecrosis with Osteomyelitis (BCO) is a significant issue affecting the welfare and economy of the broiler industry, causing substantial revenue losses annually. This disease is frequently associated with Staphylococcus sp...
The fabrication of nanostructures with high resolution and precise control of the deposition site makes Focused Electron Beam Induced Deposition (FEBID) a unique nanolithography process. In the case of magnetic materials, apart from the FEBID potenti...
A fixed-frequency beam-scanning leaky-wave antenna (LWA) array with three switchable dual-polarized beams is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The proposed LWA array consists of three groups of spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) LWAs wit...
The dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) has a broad application background in slender structure vibration reduction, such as in machine gun systems, micro actuators, and so on. Rapid modeling and simulation of the DVA-beam system are of great importance...
Beam dumps are indispensable components for particle accelerator facilities to absorb or dispose beam kinetic energy in a safe way. However, the design of beam dumps based on conventional technology, i.e., energy deposition via beam–dense matte...
In various countries, the shear-strength design formulas for reinforced concrete beam–column joints are primarily constructed based on concrete strength, and the influence of the main bars of the beam is not explicitly reflected in these expres...
The Neutron Radiography Reactor at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has two beamlines extending radially outward from the east and north faces of the reactor core. The control rod withdrawal procedure has recently been altered, potentially changing po...
A two-dimensional beam monitoring detector named
Welded aluminum components in the aerospace industry are subject to more stringent safety regulations than in other industries. Electron beam welding as a highly precise process fulfills this requirement. The welding of aluminum poses a challenge due...
In recent years, structured light with novel propagation properties has attracted great attention. Among these structured beams, the Airy beam is one of the most representative and widely used beams. In this paper, we propose a kind of quadruple Gaus...
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