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Metamaterials and Antennas for Enhancing Sensing, Imaging and Communication System
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Metamaterials and Antennas for Enhancing Sensing, Imaging and Communication System

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 7253

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yongjin Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Interests: metasurface; plasmonics; medical sensing; microwave imaging
Prof. Dr. Wenxuan Tang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
Interests: metamaterials theory and applications; plasmonic circuit and system; intelligent metamaterials sensors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metamaterials are artificial subwavelength-structured media that enable unusual wave properties that cannot be found in nature. The metamaterial antenna is a variation of a regular antenna that incorporates unit cells of metamaterials in the design. Significant advances have been made in tailoring light–matter interactions in metamaterials and antennas. This Special Issue of Sensors aims to disseminate research contributions on emerging trends and advances in the field of metamaterials and antennas. It covers the fundamental principles and technological applications of metamaterials and antennas, from emerging design concepts, material platforms, and synthesis/fabrication techniques to advanced science/functionality for applications spanning from imaging systems, biosensors, chemical sensing, biomedical devices and communication systems. We solicit contributions on all topics connected to metamaterials and antennas, including but not limited to:

  • Plasmonic metamaterials;
  • Reconfigurable metamaterials;
  • Near-zero index media;
  • Metamaterial antennas (meta-antennas);
  • Metasurface antennas;
  • Liquid antenna;
  • Metamaterials for biological and chemical sensing;
  • Metadevices for imaging;
  • Meta-antenna sensing systems;
  • Meta-antenna imaging systems;
  • Meta-antenna communication systems.

Dr. Yongjin Zhou
Prof. Dr. Wenxuan Tang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metamaterials
  • metasurface
  • meta-antenna
  • plasmonics
  • biosensors
  • chemical sensors
  • imaging

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 5096 KiB  
Article
Equivalent Circuits for Microwave Metamaterial Planar Components
by Romolo Marcelli
Sensors 2024, 24(7), 2212; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072212 - 29 Mar 2024
Viewed by 410
Abstract
Metamaterial components and antennas are based on the general understanding that an artificial structure composed of adequately designed and manufactured elementary cells or arrays has unusual resonance and propagation properties. Metamaterials exhibit equivalent values of the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability that are [...] Read more.
Metamaterial components and antennas are based on the general understanding that an artificial structure composed of adequately designed and manufactured elementary cells or arrays has unusual resonance and propagation properties. Metamaterials exhibit equivalent values of the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability that are both negative simultaneously, in contrast with ordinary materials. Single elements, periodic, or quasi-periodic configurations can be suitable for a metamaterial response. In this paper, equivalent circuits for microwave propagation and resonance are compared, deriving a lumped element modeling complementary to those already available in the literature, with a particular focus on planar resonating devices and calculating the effective value for the dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability directly from experimental findings using the impedance (Z-parameters) notation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Antennas for Enhancing Sensing, Imaging and Communication System)
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12 pages, 11057 KiB  
Communication
Optically Controlled Gain Modulation for Microwave Metasurface Antennas
by Charlotte Tripon-Canseliet, Cristian Della Giovampaola, Nicolas Pavy, Jean Chazelas and Stefano Maci
Sensors 2024, 24(6), 1911; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24061911 - 16 Mar 2024
Viewed by 468
Abstract
Over the past decade, metasurfaces (MTSs) have emerged as a highly promising platform for the development of next-generation, miniaturized, planar devices across a wide spectrum of microwave frequencies. Among their various applications, the concept of MTS-based antennas, particularly those that are based on [...] Read more.
Over the past decade, metasurfaces (MTSs) have emerged as a highly promising platform for the development of next-generation, miniaturized, planar devices across a wide spectrum of microwave frequencies. Among their various applications, the concept of MTS-based antennas, particularly those that are based on surface wave excitation, represents a groundbreaking advancement with significant implications for communication technologies. However, existing literature primarily focuses on MTS configurations printed on traditional substrates, largely overlooking the potential benefits of employing photosensitive substrates. This paper endeavors to pioneer this novel path. We present a specialized design of a modulated MTS printed on a silicon substrate, which acts as a photosensitive Ka-band surface wave antenna. Remarkably, the gain of this antenna can be time-modulated, achieving a variance of up to 15 dB, under low-power (below 1 W/cm²) optical illumination at a wavelength of 971 nm. This innovative approach positions the antenna as a direct transducer, capable of converting an optically modulated signal into a microwave-modulated radiated signal, thus offering a new dimension in antenna technology and functionality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Antennas for Enhancing Sensing, Imaging and Communication System)
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16 pages, 11447 KiB  
Article
A High-Performance, Low-Cost, and Integrated Hairpin Topology RF Switched Filter Bank for Radar Applications
by Talha Shahid Alvi, Muhammad Haris Ahsan, Muhammad Ali, Faizan Ramzan, Khaled A. Aljaloud, Ali H. Alqahtani, Rifaqat Hussain, Akram Alomainy and Muhammad Qasim Mehmood
Sensors 2024, 24(2), 434; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020434 - 10 Jan 2024
Viewed by 723
Abstract
Switched filter banks find widespread application in frequency-hopping radar systems and communication networks with multiple operating frequencies, especially in situations demanding elevated filter element isolation. In this paper, the design and implementation of a highly isolated switchable narrow-bandpass filter bank architecture using hairpin [...] Read more.
Switched filter banks find widespread application in frequency-hopping radar systems and communication networks with multiple operating frequencies, especially in situations demanding elevated filter element isolation. In this paper, the design and implementation of a highly isolated switchable narrow-bandpass filter bank architecture using hairpin microstrip topology is presented. The filter bank has four discrete bandpass filters with passbands of 2.0–2.2 GHz, 2.3–2.5 GHz, 3.1–3.3 GHz, and 3.9–4.1 GHz. These filters span the radar S-frequency band (2.0–4.0 GHz). In order to switch between channels with a switching speed of nanoseconds, low-loss and highly isolated SP4T switches are implemented. Advanced design system (ADS) software is used to design the various filter functionalities, and the entire system is tested on a vector network analyzer (VNA). The proposed architecture makes it much easier to put the filter bank into practice and switch it to the desired frequency, which is useful for radar receiver applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Antennas for Enhancing Sensing, Imaging and Communication System)
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38 pages, 101308 KiB  
Communication
A Novel Electrophoretic Technique to Improve Metasurface Sensing of Low Concentration Particles in Solution
by Zachary A. Kurland and Thomas Goyette
Sensors 2023, 23(20), 8359; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23208359 - 10 Oct 2023
Viewed by 606
Abstract
A novel electrophoretic technique to improve metasurface sensing capabilities of charged particles in solution is presented. The proposed technique may improve the ability of metasurfaces to sense charged particles in solution in a manner not possible using the current standard of particle deposition [...] Read more.
A novel electrophoretic technique to improve metasurface sensing capabilities of charged particles in solution is presented. The proposed technique may improve the ability of metasurfaces to sense charged particles in solution in a manner not possible using the current standard of particle deposition (which allows particles to sediment randomly on a metasurface under evaporation) by inducing an external, nonuniform electric field through the metasurface apertures. Such a technique may be useful in various sensing applications, such as in biological, polymer, or environmental sciences, where low concentration particles in solution are of interest. The electrophoretic technique was simulated and experimentally tested using latex nanoparticles in solution. The results suggest that, using this technique, one may theoretically increase the particle density within the metasurface regions of greatest sensitivity by nearly 1900% in comparison to random sedimentation due to evaporation. Such an increase in particle density within the regions of greatest sensitivity may facilitate more precise material property measurements and enhance identification and detection capabilities of metasurfaces to particles in solution which constitute only a few hundred parts per million by mass. It was experimentally determined that the electrophoretic technique enhanced metasurface sensing capabilities of 333 parts per million by mass latex nanoparticle solutions by nearly 1700%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Antennas for Enhancing Sensing, Imaging and Communication System)
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11 pages, 4429 KiB  
Communication
Dual-Polarized Multi-Beam Fixed-Frequency Beam Scanning Leaky-Wave Antenna
by Dapeng Chu, Yong Mao, Haoxiang Li, Hong Bie and Yongjin Zhou
Sensors 2023, 23(11), 5070; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23115070 - 25 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1233
Abstract
A fixed-frequency beam-scanning leaky-wave antenna (LWA) array with three switchable dual-polarized beams is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The proposed LWA array consists of three groups of spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) LWAs with different modulation period lengths and a control circuit. Each group [...] Read more.
A fixed-frequency beam-scanning leaky-wave antenna (LWA) array with three switchable dual-polarized beams is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The proposed LWA array consists of three groups of spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) LWAs with different modulation period lengths and a control circuit. Each group of SPPs LWAs can independently control the beam steering at a fixed frequency by loading varactor diodes. The proposed antenna can be configured in both multi-beam mode and single-beam mode, where the multi-beam mode with optional two or three dual-polarized beams. The beam width can be flexibly adjusted from narrow to wide by switching between multi-beam and single-beam states. The prototype of the proposed LWA array is fabricated and measured, and both simulation and experimental results show that the antenna can accomplish a fixed frequency beam scanning at an operating frequency of 3.3 to 3.8 GHz with a maximum scanning range of about 35° in multi-beam mode and about 55° in single-beam mode. It could be a promising candidate for application in the space–air–ground integrated network scenario in satellite communication and future 6G communication systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Antennas for Enhancing Sensing, Imaging and Communication System)
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19 pages, 9529 KiB  
Article
A Low-Profile, Triple-Band, and Wideband Antenna Using Dual-Band AMC
by Rafael Gonçalves Licursi de Mello, Anne Claire Lepage and Xavier Begaud
Sensors 2023, 23(4), 1920; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23041920 - 08 Feb 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1960
Abstract
When a wideband antenna is backed by an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) reflector, the bandwidth is reduced. With the optimization of the shape of the AMC it is possible to exhibit multiband behavior, but the problem becomes complex if the bands are also [...] Read more.
When a wideband antenna is backed by an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) reflector, the bandwidth is reduced. With the optimization of the shape of the AMC it is possible to exhibit multiband behavior, but the problem becomes complex if the bands are also intended to be wide. In this study, a methodology that exploits both the expected in-band and out-of-band behaviors of a dual-band AMC was used to design a low-profile, triple-band, and wideband directive antenna. The methodology was validated with a prototype suitable for the European standards of 4G/5G and Wi-Fi 2.4/5/6E, operating within the following bands: 2.4–2.7 GHz, 3.4–3.8 GHz, and 5.17–6.45 GHz. The measured results showed respective peak values of 8.0, 9.1, and 10.5 dBi for the broadside realized gain, front-to-back ratios larger than 19 dB, cross-polarized levels lower than -18 dB, and stable half-power beamwidths within each band. Furthermore, 3 dB gain bandwidths of 34.4%, 19.7%, and 31.0% were also measured. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Antennas for Enhancing Sensing, Imaging and Communication System)
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28 pages, 57798 KiB  
Communication
A Novel Technique for Ultrathin Inhomogeneous Dielectric Powder Layer Sensing Using a W-Band Metasurface
by Zachary Kurland, Thomas Goyette and Andrew Gatesman
Sensors 2023, 23(2), 842; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23020842 - 11 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1138
Abstract
A novel technique using a W-band metasurface for the purpose of transmissive fine powder layer sensing is presented. The proposed technique may allow for the detection, identification, and characterization of inhomogeneous ultrafine powder layers which are effectively hundreds of times thinner than the [...] Read more.
A novel technique using a W-band metasurface for the purpose of transmissive fine powder layer sensing is presented. The proposed technique may allow for the detection, identification, and characterization of inhomogeneous ultrafine powder layers which are effectively hundreds of times thinner than the incident wavelengths used to sense them. Such a technique may be useful during personnel screening processes (i.e., at an airport) and in industrial manufacturing environments where early detection and quantization of harmful airborne particulates can be a matter of security or safety. The proposed sensing technique was experimentally and theoretically tested. The results suggest that, using this technique, one may identify, extract the effective complex dielectric properties, and measure the layer thicknesses of ultrafine powder layers present on a metasurface. Using this technique, it may be possible to identify and characterize diverse media in various physical, chemical, and biological metasurface sensing efforts at numerous bands of the electromagnetic spectrum. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Antennas for Enhancing Sensing, Imaging and Communication System)
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