In this paper, we consider a Cournot duopoly, in which any firm does not know the marginal costs of production of the other player, as a Bayesian game. In our game, the marginal costs depend on two infinite continuous sets of states of the world. We...
This paper develops and implements an equilibrium model of systemic risk. The model derives a systemic risk measure, loss beta, in characterizing all too-big-to-fail banks using a capital insurance equilibrium. By constructing each bank’s loss portfo...
In the context of rapid urbanization, inefficient, disorderly, and low-density urban sprawl often leads to resource waste and ecological damage. Over the decades, many studies on the measurement, analysis, and governance of urban sprawl have emerged....
The measurement of tea moisture content is important for processing and storing tea. The moisture content of tea affects the quality and durability of the product. Some electrical devices have been proposed to measure the moisture content of tea leav...
We describe the axiomatic approach to real-valued Systemic Risk Measures, which is a natural counterpart to the nowadays classical univariate theory initiated by Artzner et al. in the seminal paper “Coherent measures of risk”, Math. Finance, (1999)....
The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) issued its Publication 137, Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3 in which the radon equilibrium factor is fixed as 0.4 for tourist caves; however, several studies have reported a...
In this paper, a new multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) method, called a measure for information values connected to the equilibrium points (IVEP) method, and a new statistical measure for measuring the similarities of performances of MCDM algorith...
This elucidation studies ergodicity and equilibrium measures for additive cellular automata with prime states. Additive cellular automata are ergodic with respect to Bernoulli measure unless it is either an identity map or constant. The formulae of m...
Form aesthetic principles represent an aesthetic consciousness developed through long-term human labor practices, which are crucial for the design and evaluation of product form. The equilibrium aesthetic principle is a vital component of the form ae...
In the context of continued global population growth and various environmental challenges, the coordinated protection of water resources, energy, and food security has become increasingly important. This study focuses on the uneven distribution of wa...
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are widely measured at ppb and ppt level in many contexts, from therapeutic drug control in respiratory diseases to monitoring of climate change and indoor air quality. The need for accuracy is a common denominator i...
Market equilibrium is characterized by a state wherein aggregate demand equals aggregate supply for all assets, a condition arising from consumers maximizing utility within budget constraints and producers maximizing profits. This paper investigates...
28 January 2022
This paper presents and studies a new epidemic SIR (Susceptible–Infectious–Recovered) model with susceptible recruitment and eventual joint vaccination efforts for both newborn and susceptible individuals. Furthermore, saturation effects...
We study two harmonic oscillators with high quality factors, driven by equilibrium and off equilibrium thermal noise, the latter mimicked by establishing a temperature gradient. The two oscillators are coupled via a third reciprocal harmonic interact...
The POVM theorem is a central result in Bohmian mechanics, grounding the measurement formalism of standard quantum mechanics in a statistical analysis based on the quantum equilibrium hypothesis (the Born rule for Bohmian particle positions). It stat...
We introduce derangetropy, which is a novel functional measure designed to characterize the dynamics of information within probability distributions. Unlike scalar measures such as Shannon entropy, derangetropy offers a functional representation that...
Markov-type inequalities are often used in numerical solutions of differential equations, and their constants improve error bounds. In this paper, the upper approximation of the constant in a Markov-type inequality on a simplex is considered. To dete...
There has been growing interest in constructing mid- and high-rise wooden buildings in recent years. To ensure the feasibility of these structures, it is necessary to provide evidence that their long-term reliability can be guaranteed. While long-ter...
The convergence rate in the famous Rényi theorem is studied by means of the Stein method refinement. Namely, it is demonstrated that the new estimate of the convergence rate of the normalized geometric sums to exponential law involving the ide...
To achieve higher enthalpy and pressure, the technique of variable cross-section drive is effectively combined with the heating of light gas to enhance the intensity of the incident shock wave. A study was conducted to predict the impact of variable...
Today, four-dimensional chaotic systems are attracting considerable attention because of their special characteristics. This paper presents a non-equilibrium four-dimensional chaotic system with hidden attractors and investigates its dynamical behavi...
Clarifying the impact of macro emission reduction measures on the mechanism of agricultural greenhouse gas emission reduction is of great significance in promoting climate change governance and the construction of a carbon emission reduction policy s...
Identification of cracks in beam-type components is significant to ensure the safety of structures. Among the approaches relying on mode shapes, the concept of transverse pseudo-force (TPF) has been well proved for single and multiple crack identific...
The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) extends the concept of eHealth and mHealth for patients with continuous monitoring requirements. This research concentrates on the use of wearable devices based on the use of inertial measurement units (IMUs) tha...
A surfactant’s equilibrium spreading pressure (ESP) is the maximum decrease in surface tension achievable at equilibrium below the Krafft point. Difficulties in measuring the ESP have been noted previously but no well-established experimental p...
2-Methyl-2-cyclopentenone (MCP) is the main by-product of the newly developed heterogeneous catalysis process for producing crotonaldehyde, which serves as an important intermediate for drug synthesis. However, how to recover and purify MCP from the...
The radioactive gas radon is ubiquitous in the environment and is a major contributor to the human inhalation dose. It is the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking. Radon concentrations are particularly high in the air of radon-hazardous...
This paper describes a kind of linear quadratic uncertain stochastic hybrid differential game system grounded in the framework of subadditive measures, in which the system dynamics are described by a hybrid differential equation with Wiener–Liu...
In this study, vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) experimental data were measured for two binary solvents based on 1,8-diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene (DBU), which can be used as a new CO2-binding organic liquids (CO2-BOLs) solvent. No experimental...
Precise data on the non-variant equilibrium of the four phases (vapor–aqueous solution–ice–gas hydrate) in P–T coordinates are highly desired for developing accurate thermodynamic models and can be used as reference points (si...
A new method of identifying the sources of output growth and measuring total factor productivity (TFP) is proposed, with an application to data from the Greek economy. The price accounting approach, based on the full industry equilibrium (FIE) framew...
Vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) and density data for binary systems of branched alkanes + ethyl acetate are scarce in the literature. In this study, the binary mixtures 3-methylpentane + ethyl acetate and 2,3-dimethylbutane + ethyl acetate were...
2-Methyl-3-butenenitrile, a key intermediate in the industrial production of Nylon-66, is often accompanied by two other by-products, 2-methyl-2-butenenitrile and 2-pentenenitrile, which have been proven to affect the production yield and quality of...
Since H2O and Ethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether (EM) form a minimum-boiling azeotrope, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, and 1-heptanol are selected as entrainers to separate the azeotropic mixture (H2O/EM) using azeotropic distillation. The binary vapor liquid...
An historical overview covering the field of electroanalytical metal cations speciation in freshwaters is presented here, detailing both the notable experimental and theoretical developments. Then, a critical review of the progress in the last five y...
We start from the fundamental premise that any physical interaction can be interpreted as a game. To demonstrate this, we draw upon the free energy principle and the theory of quantum reference frames. In this way, we place the game-theoretic Nash Eq...
With the end of the grace period (2016) of the aviation carbon tax (ACT) proposed by the EU, the EU is likely to restart the ACT. Hence, it becomes increasingly urgent to propose a feasible and effective scheme to restrict emissions in the aviation i...
Near-critical and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) is extensively utilized in high-pressure separation, extraction, polymer processing, and carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technologies owing to its tunable density, low viscosity, high diffu...
Understanding the phase behaviour of (CO2 + water + permanent gas) systems is critical for implementing carbon capture and storage (CCS) processes, a key technology in reducing CO2 emissions. In this paper, phase behaviour data for (H2O + N2) and (CO...
The bioavailability of a drug is closely linked to its solubility, making its early determination essential in drug development. The saturation shake-flask (SSF) method is the gold standard protocol for this, which includes a phase separation step&md...
Flow cytometry is a well-established diagnostic tool for cell counting and characterization. It utilizes fluorescence and scattered excitation light simultaneously emitted from cells passing an excitation laser focus to discriminate various cell type...
A nested structure is a structural feature that is conducive to system stability formed by the coevolution of biological species in mutualistic ecosystems The coopetition relationship and value flow between industrial sectors in the global value chai...
The selectivity of measurements by means of affinity sensors in (quasi)equilibrium conditions and in non-equilibrium conditions was compared. The results show that the measurements in non-equilibrium conditions can reduce or even eliminate a relative...
Post combustion CO2 capture is still a rather energy intense, and therefore expensive, process. Much of the current research for reducing the process energy requirements is focused on the regeneration section. A good description of the vapor liquid e...
Experimental turbulence measurements of scour hole downstream of bed sills in alluvial channels with non-cohesive sediments are investigated. Using an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV), the flow velocity-field within the equilibrium scour hole was c...
The moisture content of dead fine forest fuels is a central component of nearly all fire behaviour and fire danger rating systems. For modelling purposes, equilibrium moisture content curves are an important input parameter. When a dead fine fuel is...
In this paper, the time-resolved model of the photoacoustic signal for samples with a complex inner structure is derived including local non-equilibrium of structural elements with multiple degrees of freedom, i.e., structural entropy of the system....
The equilibrium factor F is one of the parameters that should be considered when assessing the effective dose based on radon activity concentration. Since the equilibrium factor in various environments ranges theoretically from a value close to 0 to...
We develop a data-driven framework for analyzing how scientific concepts evolve through their empirical in-text frequency distributions in large text corpora. For each concept, the observed distribution is paired with a maximum entropy equilibrium re...
An impedance-based temperature estimation method is investigated considering the electrochemical non-equilibrium with short-term relaxation time for facilitating the vehicular application. Generally, sufficient relaxation time is required for battery...
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