Detecting defects in aerial images of grading rings collected by drones poses challenges due to the structural similarity between normal and defective samples. The small visual differences make it hard to distinguish defects and extract key features....
Process automation utilizes specialized technology and equipment to automate and enhance production processes, leading to higher manufacturing efficiency, higher productivity, and cost savings. The aluminum die casting industry has significantly gain...
At present, the apple grading system usually conveys apples by a belt or rollers. This usually leads to low hardness or expensive fruits being bruised, resulting in economic losses. In order to realize real-time detection and classification of high-q...
In this study, a deep learning-based system for apple defect detection and quality grading was developed, integrating various advanced image-processing technologies and machine learning algorithms to enhance the automation and accuracy of apple quali...
Offshore wind turbine blades are chronically exposed to complex marine environments with high humidity, salt spray, strong wind, waves, and intense radiation. Under such conditions, blade defects often exhibit small sizes, weak visual features, and h...
Background: Bone tissue engineering has emerged as a promising technique for treating bone defects in large bones. Recent methods have enabled scaffold designs based on predefined microstructures or mechanical behavior patterns, including porosity-gr...
A nondestructive detection method that combines convolutional neural network (CNN) and photoluminescence (PL) imaging was proposed for the multi-classification and multi-grading of defects during the fabrication process of silicon solar cells. In thi...
In this study, the Kevin–Voigt viscoelastic constitutive relationship is used to investigate the vibration characteristics and stability of a functionally graded viscoelastic(FGV) fluid-conveying pipe with initial geometric defects under therma...
Mango is a high-value agricultural commodity, and accurate and efficient appearance quality grading and defect inspection are critical for export-oriented markets. This study proposes a dual-pipeline deep learning framework for automated mango assess...
Background and Objectives: Periodontal regeneration involves techniques intended at restoring the lost supporting tissue around a periodontally weakened tooth. These regenerative methods frequently utilize periosteal grafts to stimulate the evolvemen...
Defective eggs diminish the value of laying hen production, particularly in cage-free systems with a higher incidence of floor eggs. To enhance quality, machine vision and image processing have facilitated the development of automated grading and def...
As large language models (LLMs) increasingly enter specialized domains, inference without external resources often leads to knowledge gaps, opaque reasoning, and hallucinations. To address these challenges in power equipment defect grading, we propos...
The precise segmentation of small-sized defects on wood surfaces is critical for the quality grading of glued laminated timber (GLT). Existing semantic segmentation models face core bottlenecks in this context: high miss rates, blurred boundary local...
The quality grading of birch (Betula spp.) veneer logs, an economically important raw material in the Baltic region, is still largely manual, causing pricing inconsistencies, and automated grading under industrial conditions remains rarely studied. W...
In this study, we compared the material properties of linearly and sharply graded Ti6Al4V additively manufactured samples to investigate whether the more severe discontinuities caused by sharp grading can reduce performance. We performed compression...
A field-based apple detection and grading device was developed and used to detect and grade apples in the field using a deep learning framework. Four features were selected for apple grading, namely, size, color, shape, and surface defects, and detec...
Wood stabilization and functionalization is a hot topic towards increasing the use of wood in buildings. Building construction and materials account for around 11% of the global CO2 emissions, thus there is increasing interest in using wood to replac...
InGaN materials are widely used in optoelectronic devices due to their excellent optical properties. Since the emission wavelength of the full-composition-graded InxGa1−xN films perfectly matches the solar spectrum, providing a full-spectrum re...
This paper studies how a localized defect migrates through the
Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), an ecologically and economically important tree species has been significantly affected by oak dieback in recent years. Since one of the symptoms of oak dieback is crown defoliation, this research aimed to determin...
Cozero-divisor graphs
In this review, we discuss a nonequilibrium thermodynamic theory for heat transport in superlattices, graded systems, and thermal metamaterials with defects. The aim is to provide researchers in nonequilibrium thermodynamics as well as material scien...
The effect of radiofrequency chondroplasty on cartilage tissue is not well studied. This prospective pilot study investigates the effect of radiofrequency chondroplasty on International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grade II patellar cartilage defe...
Bubble point tests are widely used for assessing the integrity of sterilizing-grade membrane cartridge filters. While many authors have considered the limitations of bubble point tests as applied to cartridge filters, the level of bacterial retention...
The aim of this study was to show the effect of manufacturing defects in a commercially pure Ti Grade 2 produced by a laser beam powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) process on its high-cycle fatigue life. For this purpose, the high-cycle fatigue performance o...
Continuous and interrupted low cycle fatigue tests were conducted on nuclear-grade S30408 stainless steel under different stress conditions at room temperature. Vickers hardness testing and microstructure characterization were performed on the fatigu...
In periodontitis patients, furcation defects are crucial sites to regenerate due to their complex anatomy. Various modern surgical techniques and use of biomaterials have been suggested in the literature. Among all, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has pot...
Background: Focal chondral lesions of the knee are frequently underdiagnosed, and their clinical presentation does not always correlate with structural severity. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of clinical examination tests and mu...
Ultra-high-strength steel (UHSS) cross-members with a high height-to-width ratio are prone to forming defects, such as splitting and wrinkling, due to localized stress concentration during the drawing process. In this study, the addendum geometry in...
The restoration of numerous aircraft structures is achievable with effective repair of welded joints. T-joints are often utilized in these structures to provide structural stability, keeping minimal body weight. Multi-pass friction stir welding (FSW)...
We demonstrated the safety and efficacy of autologous chondrocyte precursor (CP) cell therapy in repairing Grade 4 cartilage defects of medial femoral condyles. The autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of each participant were isolated, ampl...
Background: Periodontal diseases lead to bone loss, crestal defects and even loss of the tooth, which also further makes it difficult to replace the tooth. Autogenous bone grafts are considered the gold standard in bone regenerative procedures. This...
Background and Objectives: Guided tissue regeneration, with or without a bone graft, is a modality for the treatment of furcation involvement. Because the direct application of a bone graft into the periodontal defect has drawbacks, such as the risk...
The advent of additive manufacturing (AM) processes applied to the fabrication of structural components has created the need for design methodologies and structural optimization approaches that take into account the specific characteristics of the fa...
This work aimed to compare the qualitative assessment of valuable oak logs using the conventional method employed in forestry operations with the evaluation based on image outputs from a CT scanning line. A total of 125 oak logs from southwestern Slo...
Wood material is the foundation of wood structure architecture, and its production technology and equipment technology decide the development and upgrading of modern wood structure architecture. Aiming at the problems of low automation degree, low ma...
We study the nonempty subsets of cardinality at most n of a Lowen fuzzy space, equipped with the final fuzzy topology of the support map. The singleton embedding and the all-in and hit operators connect this construction to the original fuzzy topolog...
The appearance quality of fruits affects consumers’ judgment of their value, and grading the quality of fruits is an effective means to improve their added value. The purpose of this study is to transform the grading of pear appearance quality...
Objective: Osteosynthesis in the case of a sternal wound infection is challenging. It requires osteosynthesis systems that go beyond the usual wire techniques. In principle, there are three different systems, namely plates with locking screws, clips,...
In the design and manufacturing of pressure vessels, the quality of welded joints and their operational safety are critical considerations. Weld quality classification is closely linked to its impact on fatigue performance. In this study, aluminum al...
Reliable, non-destructive grading of fresh fruit requires simultaneous assessment of external morphology and hidden internal defects. Camera-based grading of fresh fruit using colorimetric (RGB) and near-infrared (NIR) imaging often misses subsurface...
Machine learning techniques play a significant role in agricultural applications for computerized grading and quality evaluation of fruits. In the agricultural domain, automation improves the quality, productivity, and economic growth of a country. T...
Assessment of a corroded pipe is crucial to determine when it must be repaired or replaced. However, the conventional corrosion assessment codes for the failure pressure predictions of corroded pipes with circumferentially aligned interacting defects...
Phalaenopsis orchids are one of Taiwan’s key floral export products, and maintaining consistent quality is crucial for international competitiveness. To improve production efficiency, many orchid farms outsource the early flask seedling stage t...
Green coffee defects are evaluated worldwide as visible abnormalities, physical damage, foreign matter, or off-odor, yet the relationship between grading label and cup quality is neither direct nor uniform. This review integrates international and na...
Background and Objectives: Although the effects of cartilage repair in patients who are undergoing high tibial osteotomy (HTO) remains controversial, cartilage repair may be required for the full-thickness cartilage defect because of a concern of low...
Peanut quality, with the defect rate as a critical determinant, has a profound impact on its market value. In this study, we introduce an innovative non-destructive evaluation method for peanut defects. Differing from traditional and often expensive...
Orah mandarin (Citrus reticulata cv. Orah) lacks systematic grading treatment after harvesting, resulting in a high fresh fruit loss rate and affecting the economic value. There are many drawbacks to traditional manual and mechanical sorting. Therefo...
Corrosion causes a loss of material resulting in the reduction of mass and stiffness of a component, which consequently affects the dynamic characteristics of any system. Fundamental frequency analysis of a corroded functionally graded (FG) rotor sys...
Articular cartilage has a limited capacity for self-repair, and effective strategies for its regeneration remain a major clinical challenge. Full-thickness cartilage defects extending to the subchondral bone induce an enhanced inflammatory response a...
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