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Metals
Special Issues
Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of High-Strength Steel
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Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of High-Strength Steel

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Structural Integrity of Metals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 898

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Gang Niu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: material science; material processing; phase transformations; material characterization; mechanical properties; material testing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The complexity of phase transformation and the diversity of microstructure in steels give them the potential to continuously improve their mechanical properties. Therefore, it is crucial to study the influence mechanism of microstructure design on mechanical properties. Especially in recent years, the emergence of new microstructure design strategies (e.g., hierarchical substructure, heterostructures, chemical boundary engineering, high-density dislocation engineering, and high-density coherent precipitation) and new preparation technologies (additive manufacturing) has further stimulated more scholars to study the improvement of mechanical properties of steel materials.

In addition, in the context of the increasing demand for high-performance steel materials in the fields of aerospace, new energy vehicles, and high-end equipment manufacturing, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the influence mechanism of microstructure design under multi-factor coupling of low-cost high-strength steel on mechanical properties.

In this Special Issue, we welcome articles focusing on the microstructure design of steel materials and its influence on mechanical properties. Clever preparation processes, novel microstructure modulation, mechanical property breakthroughs, systematic strengthening mechanisms, and exhaustive plastic deformation mechanisms are of particular interest.

Dr. Gang Niu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • high-strength steel
  • microstructure design
  • mechanical properties
  • preparation processes
  • strengthening mechanisms
  • plastic deformation mechanisms

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 5584 KiB  
Article
A Novel Model for Transformation-Induced Plasticity and Its Performance in Predicting Residual Stress in Quenched AISI 4140 Steel Cylinders
by Junpeng Li, Yingqiang Xu, Haiwei Wang, Youwei Liu and Yanlong Xu
Metals 2025, 15(4), 450; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15040450 - 16 Apr 2025
Viewed by 195
Abstract
A better residual stress prediction model can lead to more accurate life assessments, better manufacturing process design and improved component reliability. Accurate modeling of transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) is critical for improving residual stress simulation fidelity in advanced manufacturing processes. In this work, a [...] Read more.
A better residual stress prediction model can lead to more accurate life assessments, better manufacturing process design and improved component reliability. Accurate modeling of transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) is critical for improving residual stress simulation fidelity in advanced manufacturing processes. In this work, a novel TRIP model is implemented within a finite element framework to predict residual stress in quenched AISI 4140 steel cylinders. The proposed model incorporates a dual-exponential normalized saturation function to capture TRIP kinetics. Residual stress characterization through X-ray diffraction (XRD) is employed to validate the predictive capability of the finite element model that couples the new TRIP model. In addition, the performance of the new TRIP model in predicting residual stress is compared with traditional TRIP models such as Leblond and Desalos model. Systematic comparison of finite element models incorporating different TRIP models reveals that traditional TRIP models exhibit more deviations from the measurements, while the new TRIP model demonstrates more accurate predictive accuracy, with both the axial and hoop residual stress distribution curves showing a better degree of agreement with XRD results. The findings of this study provide a reliable numerical simulation tool for optimizing the quenching process, particularly for improving fatigue life predictions of critical components such as gears and bearings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of High-Strength Steel)
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16 pages, 33567 KiB  
Article
On the High Elastic Modulus Mechanism of Iron Matrix Composites
by Hangrui Liu, Qi Zhang, Xing Fang, Xiaoyu Yang, Mai Wang, Xiqing Tang, Yanxin Wu and Zhenli Mi
Metals 2025, 15(2), 129; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15020129 - 27 Jan 2025
Viewed by 500
Abstract
High modulus steels are characterized by high specific strength and specific stiffness, which can be attributed to the presence of hard reinforced particles. This paper investigates two common iron matrix composites, namely Fe/TiB2 and Fe/TiC, prepared through in situ reaction, focusing on [...] Read more.
High modulus steels are characterized by high specific strength and specific stiffness, which can be attributed to the presence of hard reinforced particles. This paper investigates two common iron matrix composites, namely Fe/TiB2 and Fe/TiC, prepared through in situ reaction, focusing on their structures and properties. The results show that both types of reinforced particles in the high modulus steels consist of coarse primary particles and fine eutectic particles. In comparison to Fe/TiC composites, Fe/TiB2 composites exhibit larger elastic modulus (210 GPa). The reasons for the phenomenon that the experimentally measured values of the modulus of elasticity are lower than the calculated values at equilibrium are discussed. It was found that microporous defects left over from the casting process are often present inside the coarse primary particles, which can be the source of microcracks or fractures. In addition, matrix/particle interface stability calculations revealed that TiB2 possesses a distinctive hexagonal structure, resulting in a smaller interfacial distance (d0 = 1.375 Å) with the ferrite matrix phase. The high interfacial work of adhesion (Wad = 3.992 J/m2) further confirms the stronger interfacial stability of the Fe/TiB2 composite in comparison to the Fe/TiC composite. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of High-Strength Steel)
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