Optics and Image Analysis in Modern Agriculture: Transforming Practices and Unveiling Opportunities

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Agricultural Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 479

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Department of Automatica, School of Engineering, Federal University of Lavras—UFLA, Lavras, MG, Brazil
Interests: optical metrology; laser interferometry; dynamic laser speckle
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Optics and image analysis technologies support modern agriculture, providing detailed insights into crop health, soil conditions, and environmental factors at both macro- and micro-scales. These advancements enable farmers to make data-driven decisions, optimize resource usage, and enhance overall productivity. Furthermore, they present opportunities for industries and research centers to develop innovative equipment and protocols. In addition, the ongoing digital revolution continues to drive novelties in optics and image analysis, regularly introducing novel approaches.

Advanced techniques in this domain include remote sensing, multispectral and hyperspectral imaging, 3D reconstruction, digital image processing and analysis, and laser interferometric methods. Additional methods such as near-infrared (NIR) and fluorescence spectroscopy, lidar (light detection and ranging), machine vision, and thermal imaging, in some cases, integrated with deep learning and artificial intelligence (AI) further expand the possibilities for addressing the challenges faced in agriculture. These cutting-edge methods enable the precise monitoring, analysis, and management of agricultural processes, promoting efficiency, sustainability, and innovation in farming practices.

This special issue will highlight the diverse applications of optics and image analysis in agriculture. We invite contributions across a wide range of article types, including original research, reviews, and opinion pieces. Together, we can showcase the transformative potential of these technologies for advancing modern agricultural practices.

Prof. Dr. Roberto Alves Braga Júnior
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • near-infrared (NIR)
  • fluorescence spectroscopy
  • lidar (light detection and ranging)
  • machine vision
  • thermal imaging
  • remote sensing
  • multispectral and hyperspectral imaging
  • 3D reconstruction
  • digital image processing and analysis
  • laser interferometric methods

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 15232 KiB  
Article
Swift Transfer of Lactating Piglet Detection Model Using Semi-Automatic Annotation Under an Unfamiliar Pig Farming Environment
by Qi’an Ding, Fang Zheng, Luo Liu, Peng Li and Mingxia Shen
Agriculture 2025, 15(7), 696; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15070696 - 25 Mar 2025
Viewed by 198
Abstract
Manual annotation of piglet imagery across varied farming environments is labor-intensive. To address this, we propose a semi-automatic approach within an active learning framework that integrates a pre-annotation model for piglet detection. We further examine how data sample composition influences pre-annotation efficiency to [...] Read more.
Manual annotation of piglet imagery across varied farming environments is labor-intensive. To address this, we propose a semi-automatic approach within an active learning framework that integrates a pre-annotation model for piglet detection. We further examine how data sample composition influences pre-annotation efficiency to enhance the deployment of lactating piglet detection models. Our study utilizes original samples from pig farms in Jingjiang, Suqian, and Sheyang, along with new data from the Yinguang pig farm in Danyang. Using the YOLOv5 framework, we constructed both single and mixed training sets of piglet images, evaluated their performance, and selected the optimal pre-annotation model. This model generated bounding box coordinates on processed new samples, which were subsequently manually refined to train the final model. Results indicate that expanding the dataset and diversifying pigpen scenes significantly improve pre-annotation performance. The best model achieved a test precision of 0.921 on new samples, and after manual calibration, the final model exhibited a training precision of 0.968, a recall of 0.952, and an average precision of 0.979 at the IoU threshold of 0.5. The model demonstrated robust detection under various lighting conditions, with bounding boxes closely conforming to piglet contours, thereby substantially reducing manual labor. This approach is cost-effective for piglet segmentation tasks and offers strong support for advancing smart agricultural technologies. Full article
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