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41,524 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
6,554 Views
27 Pages

26 February 2021

Within the context that tourism-seasonality is a composite phenomenon described by temporal, geographical, and socio-economic aspects, this article develops a multilevel method for studying time patterns of tourism-seasonality in conjunction with its...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,149 Views
19 Pages

In contemporary software development, it is crucial to adhere to design patterns because well-organized and readily maintainable source code facilitates bug fixes and the development of new features. A carefully selected set of design patterns can ha...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Best Practices, Challenges and Opportunities in Software Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
10,679 Views
19 Pages

Implementation Support of Security Design Patterns Using Test Templates

  • Masatoshi Yoshizawa,
  • Hironori Washizaki,
  • Yoshiaki Fukazawa,
  • Takao Okubo and ,
  • Haruhiko Kaiya and
  • Nobukazu Yoshioka
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Security patterns are intended to support software developers as the patterns encapsulate security expert knowledge. However, these patterns may be inappropriately applied because most developers are not security experts, leading to threats and vulne...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evaluating the Security of Complex Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,377 Views
26 Pages

Architectural design patterns are essential in software development because they offer proven solutions to large-scale structural problems in software systems and enable developers to create software that is more maintainable, scalable, and comprehen...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Machine Learning (ML) and Software Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,499 Views
19 Pages

19 October 2022

With the expansion of global trade and the growing traffic of increasingly larger ships to meet this demand, the need to expand port infrastructure appears as the main alternative. In this way, dredging operations for the maintenance and deepening of...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Estuarine and Coastal Morphodynamics and Dynamic Sedimentation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,347 Views
43 Pages

5 February 2026

Background/Objectives: Contemporary food systems face dual imperatives of ensuring nutritional adequacy while minimizing environmental resource consumption, yet conventional dietary assessment methodologies inadequately integrate these competing obje...

(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition Methodology & Assessment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,295 Views
17 Pages

Analysis of the Distribution Pattern of Remaining Oil and Development Potential after Weak Gel Flooding in the Offshore LD Oilfield

  • Lizhen Ge,
  • Xiaoming Chen,
  • Gang Wang,
  • Guohao Zhang and ,
  • Jinyi Li,
  • Yang Liu,
  • Lixiao Xiao,
  • Yuchen Wen,
  • Weifeng Yuan and
  • Mingxing Bai
  • + 6 authors+ 1 author

29 March 2024

The LD oilfield is one of the representative offshore oilfields. After weak gel flooding, the recovery rate is significantly improved. However, the oilfield is then in a medium- to high-water content stage, presenting a complex distribution of the re...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Gels for Enhanced Oil Recovery)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
2,752 Views
17 Pages

5 October 2023

Land-use change and regional carbon emissions are closely related. In-depth research on the mechanism of land-use carbon emissions is conducive for clarifying the direction and focus of future low-carbon construction work. Carbon emissions calculatio...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Sustainability from the Viewpoint of Carbon Emission)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1,595 Views
28 Pages

New Energy Vehicles and Charging and Battery-Swapping Infrastructure: Development Patterns, Policy Drivers, and the Evolution of Vehicle–Grid Interaction

  • Bo Zhao,
  • Zhihang Ren,
  • Zhibin Liu,
  • Peng Yang and ,
  • Zhiheng Liu,
  • Changpeng Hu,
  • Nahan Hao,
  • Xiaoyin Ding and
  • Lei Li
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

The rapid expansion of electric mobility is reshaping both transport infrastructure and power-system operation. This narrative and critical review examines the connected evolution of new energy vehicle (NEV) markets, charging and battery-swapping inf...

(This article belongs to the Section Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,214 Views
24 Pages

12 October 2023

Based on the sample data of 149 cities in ten major urban agglomerations from 2004 to 2019, the entropy method, Dagum Gini coefficient, and three-dimensional kernel density estimation method are used to calculate and describe the spatial pattern of t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,462 Views
19 Pages

28 December 2022

Yokkaichi is one of the four major Japanese cities facing air pollution after World War II, owing to modern urban industrialization in the 20th century. Tianjin City, in China, also showed similar industrial patterns in the petrochemical industry. Fo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
5,147 Views
28 Pages

Spatiotemporal Exploration of Chinese Spring Festival Population Flow Patterns and Their Determinants Based on Spatial Interaction Model

  • Tao Zhou,
  • Bo Huang,
  • Xiaoqian Liu,
  • Guangqin He and ,
  • Qiang Gou,
  • Zhihui Huang and
  • Cheng Xie
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Large-scale population flow reshapes the economic landscape and is affected by unbalanced urban development. The exploration of migration patterns and their determinants is therefore crucial to reveal unbalanced urban development. However, low-resolu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,431 Views
26 Pages

Ecological Network Optimization and Security Pattern Development for Kunming’s Main Urban Area Using the MSPA-MCR Model

  • Wendi Chen,
  • Junsan Zhao,
  • Guoping Chen,
  • Yilin Lin and ,
  • Haibo Yang and
  • Qiaoxiong Chen
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

17 April 2025

Rapid urbanization has greatly altered urban ecological spaces and habitat quality functions, threatening regional biodiversity and the sustainability of landscapes. Therefore, constructing a comprehensive ecological network and ecological safety pat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
6,363 Views
21 Pages

Sustainable development entails various development patterns commonly associated with compact and mixed development that usually leads to reduced driving, more public transportation utilization, lower energy consumption, better walkability, and impro...

  • Article
  • Open Access
43 Citations
13,504 Views
22 Pages

Urban Development in West Africa—Monitoring and Intensity Analysis of Slum Growth in Lagos: Linking Pattern and Process

  • Olabisi S. Badmos,
  • Andreas Rienow,
  • Daniel Callo-Concha,
  • Klaus Greve and
  • Carsten Jürgens

2 July 2018

Upgrading all slums in Lagos by 2030 will an ambitious task, given that more than 70% of its residents resides in slums. Furthermore, there is no recent study identifying neither the slums nor their temporal growth/development pattern in Lagos that c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,498 Views
18 Pages

17 April 2022

High-quality development is the theme of China’s economic and social development in the new era, the only way to build a powerful tourism economy, and also the objective demand to solve the practical problems and promote the transformation and...

(This article belongs to the Topic Sustainability in Hospitality and Tourism Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,799 Views
17 Pages

Spatial Distribution Pattern Evolution of the Population and Economy in Russia since the 21st Century

  • Nanchen Chu,
  • Xiangli Wu,
  • Pingyu Zhang,
  • Shuang Xu and ,
  • Xiaonan Shi and
  • Bo Jiang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Under the background of “the Belt and Road” and “China, Mongolia and Russia economic corridor” initiatives, this paper studied the spatial distribution pattern evolution of population and economy in Russia since the 21st centu...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic Resilience and Regional Green Growth)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,436 Views
34 Pages

27 January 2025

Insects can repair wounds and regenerate body parts in response to physical damage. Wound healing in butterfly pupal wing tissues is developmentally interesting because ectopic color patterns develop during healing, suggesting that normal and damage-...

(This article belongs to the Section Insect Physiology, Reproduction and Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
4,233 Views
18 Pages

27 July 2022

By utilizing the tourism development data of Beijing for the period from 2010 to 2019, this study examined the spatial pattern distribution of tourism development in Beijing using the coefficient of variation and Moran’s I index. In addition, t...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban and Social Geography and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,869 Views
16 Pages

3 August 2022

Improving the level of green development is an inevitable requirement for promoting the construction of an ecological civilization. In this paper, through a green development level evaluation index system, the CRITIC weight method is used to comprehe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,233 Views
35 Pages

Development of a Composite Model for Simulating Landscape Pattern Optimization Allocation: A Case Study in the Longquanyi District of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China

  • Dinghua Ou,
  • Xingzhu Yao,
  • Jianguo Xia,
  • Xuesong Gao and ,
  • Changquan Wang,
  • Wanlu Chen,
  • Qiquan Li,
  • Zongda Hu and
  • Juan Yang
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

10 May 2019

The simulation of landscape pattern optimization allocation (LPOA) to achieve ecological security is an important issue when constructing regional ecological security patterns. In this study, an LPOA model was developed by integrating a binary logist...

  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
7,605 Views
20 Pages

Accumulation Pattern of Amygdalin and Prunasin and Its Correlation with Fruit and Kernel Agronomic Characteristics during Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Kernel Development

  • Ping Deng,
  • Bei Cui,
  • Hailan Zhu,
  • Buangurn Phommakoun and ,
  • Dan Zhang,
  • Yiming Li,
  • Fei Zhao and
  • Zhong Zhao
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

11 February 2021

To reveal the accumulation pattern of cyanogenic glycosides (amygdalin and prunasin) in bitter apricot kernels to further understand the metabolic mechanisms underlying differential accumulation during kernel development and ripening and explore the...

(This article belongs to the Section Food Physics and (Bio)Chemistry)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,992 Views
16 Pages

5 October 2024

American plum line pattern virus (APLPV) is the most infrequently reported Ilarvirus infecting stone fruit trees and is of sufficient severity to be classified as an EPPO quarantine A1 pathogen. In late spring, yellow line pattern symptoms were obser...

(This article belongs to the Section Viruses of Plants, Fungi and Protozoa)
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
5,054 Views
27 Pages

27 January 2024

In recent years, the development of abandoned mining land has become a focal point in landscape planning. However, during the development of abandoned mining land, there often exists a phenomenon of prioritizing economic considerations over ecologica...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,069 Views
18 Pages

21 December 2022

China has achieved success in implementing the rural revitalization strategy and promoting the development of new urbanization. However, there are still many problems in the research and implementation on urban–rural integration development, su...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impacts of Land Use Pattern in Metropolitan Area)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,633 Views
16 Pages

In this study, an accurate and computationally efficient model for the heating process of thin thermoplastic sheets during thermoforming is developed. This model opens the door to efficient training of model-free control approaches in thermoforming a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Citations
8,952 Views
17 Pages

The Relationships between Urban Form and Urban Commuting: An Empirical Study in China

  • Yu Song,
  • Guofan Shao,
  • Xiaodong Song,
  • Yong Liu and ,
  • Lei Pan and
  • Hong Ye
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Urban sustainable development strategies are of great importance to rapidly urbanized countries such as China. One of the most challenging problems is how to coordinate urban spatial development with social efficiency and environmental protection, e....

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,247 Views
12 Pages

Research and Application of a Quantitative Prediction Method for Sandstone Thickness in a Zone with Dense Well Pattern Development Based on an Objective Function

  • Cao Li,
  • Yongzhuo Wang,
  • Yongbing Zhou,
  • Xiaodong Fan and ,
  • Jianfei Zhan,
  • Guosong Chen and
  • Zongbao Liu
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

15 January 2023

The seismic amplitude along a layer in a section can reveal lateral reservoir changes and is one of the important means of reservoir prediction, but it is often difficult to establish the quantitative relationship between the seismic amplitude and sa...

  • Review
  • Open Access
17 Citations
9,275 Views
31 Pages

13 April 2023

Developmental patterning is essential for regulating cellular events such as axial patterning, segmentation, tissue formation, and organ size determination during embryogenesis. Understanding the patterning mechanisms remains a central challenge and...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling Developmental Processes and Disorders in Zebrafish)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,231 Views
21 Pages

15 October 2025

Although the role of digital infrastructure as an engine for the sustainable development of public services has been widely investigated, systematic and dynamic analysis of the coupling and coordination mechanisms between digital infrastructure and p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,733 Views
20 Pages

5 August 2022

As a key issue in China’s sustainable development, land space development (LSD) creates increasing pressure on the environment. Thus, a better understanding of the relationship between LSD and the eco-environment is necessary for Chinese policy...

(This article belongs to the Section Land Use, Impact Assessment and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,508 Views
16 Pages

Development Pattern of Toppling Deformation Slopes in Western China

  • Xingming Li,
  • Kaiming Cao,
  • Shaoping Huang,
  • Ruiming Xing and
  • Yuanhai Yang

29 May 2023

Controlled by regional geological background, and affected by human activity and weathering, toppling deformation slopes occur in different regions in China. Based on statistics about domestic toppling deformation slopes and their distribution, the r...

(This article belongs to the Section Civil Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
37 Citations
3,883 Views
14 Pages

Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Tourism Revenue in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration Region during 2001–2019

  • Gengying Jiao,
  • Lin Lu,
  • Guangsheng Chen,
  • Zhiqiang Huang and ,
  • Giuseppe T. Cirella and
  • Xiaozhong Yang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

25 March 2021

Green development is a solution to achieve sustainable development, while tourism development is one of the best approaches to realize a green economy. As the most rapid economic development region in China, the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeratio...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainability in Tourism Activities and the Low-Density and Peripheral Territories)
  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
7,882 Views
23 Pages

14 October 2015

Urban land has increasingly expanded and encroached upon a significant number of paddy fields in Hang-Jia-Hu Plain, due to the rapid socio-economic development and agro-pedoclimatic conditions favorable to rice cultivation and human settlement. Altho...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
7,961 Views
13 Pages

17 October 2016

It is well known that pattern reversal visual evoked potentials (VEPs) are age-sensitive. Through the use of this technique, it is possible to assess both of the major visual pathways (i.e., the magnocellular and parvocellular ones) in terms of funct...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
4,516 Views
21 Pages

Ecosystem services are the benefits obtained from an ecosystem that have great significance in sustainable development. Urbanization has triggered significant changes on urban spatial patterns, which have had a great impact on the ecosystem services....

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,835 Views
27 Pages

Study on the Evolution and Coupling Coordinated Development of Passenger and Freight Transport Network of New Western Land-Sea Corridor

  • Rui Ding,
  • Ting Zhang,
  • Yuanhong Qiu,
  • Jun Fu and ,
  • Jian Yin,
  • Yilin Zhang and
  • Yiming Du
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

14 November 2022

Based on the associated network of passenger and freight transport in the New Western Land-Sea Corridor, the structure and characteristics of passenger and freight transport network in different years are analyzed using passenger volume and freight v...

(This article belongs to the Collection Urban Transport Systems Efficiency, Network Planning and Safety: Volume II)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,443 Views
26 Pages

28 August 2025

This study enhances agile development by integrating BPMN modeling with automated functional requirements elicitation. It focuses on extracting user stories and Gherkin scenarios from BPMN process models using transformation patterns and templates. A...

(This article belongs to the Section Applied Industrial Technologies)
  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
5,320 Views
25 Pages

15 August 2025

This article reviews and synthesizes highlights of the history of neural models of rate-based and spiking neural networks. It explains that theoretical and experimental results about how all rate-based neural network models, whose cells obey the memb...

(This article belongs to the Section Computational Neuroscience, Neuroinformatics, and Neurocomputing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,122 Views
17 Pages

5 October 2022

Revealing the spatial patterns of differentiation and the driving mechanism of agricultural multifunctional patterns is an important aspect of coordinating the functional optimisation and coordinated development of different agricultural regions. On...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rural Land Use Transformation and Agricultural Sustainable Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,282 Views
17 Pages

17 October 2024

Hatching captive barn owl chicks underwent four developmental phases. In the first 10 days (phase 1), behavior consisted of lateral movements that gradually changed to forward progression and peaked a few days before and after eye-opening. This behav...

(This article belongs to the Section Zoology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
33 Citations
3,989 Views
15 Pages

Expression and Distribution of the Auxin Response Factors in Sorghum bicolor During Development and Temperature Stress

  • Dan Chen,
  • Weian Wang,
  • Yaqin Wu,
  • Hui Xie and ,
  • Linfei Zhao,
  • Qi Zeng and
  • Yonghua Zhan
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

27 September 2019

Auxin response factor (ARF) is a transcription factor that can specifically bind to the promoter of auxin-responsive genes in plants and plays an important regulatory role in plant growth and development. The previous studies have predicted 25 ARF ge...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phytohormones and Their Crosstalk during Plant Growth, Development and Environmental Stress Adaptation: New Prospects and Challenges to Cope with Global Climate Change)
  • Review
  • Open Access
14 Citations
6,577 Views
12 Pages

The heart is laterally asymmetric. Not only is it positioned on the left side of the body but the organ itself is asymmetric. This patterning occurs across scales: at the organism level, through left–right axis patterning; at the organ level, where t...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zebrafish Heart Development, Regeneration, and Disease Modelling)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,956 Views
19 Pages

The Chinese government is making vigorous efforts to control agricultural pollution. The promotion of an ecological planting–breeding mix pattern is one of them. Farmers’ mode of production will affect their subjective well-being. Thus, t...

(This article belongs to the Section Agricultural Economics, Policies and Rural Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
9,226 Views
30 Pages

17 August 2011

Intelligent sensors experience security problems very similar to those inherent to other kinds of IT products or systems. The assurance for these products or systems creation methodologies, like Common Criteria (ISO/IEC 15408) can be used to improve...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Collaborative Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,549 Views
16 Pages

6 December 2025

Flowers are key reproductive structures for many plant species. They are essential for seed and fruit production, and their development is tightly regulated by hormonal and genetic networks. The homeodomain transcription factors HAT3 and ATHB4 are kn...

(This article belongs to the Section Plant Development and Morphogenesis)
  • Article
  • Open Access
453 Views
23 Pages

1 August 2026

Optimising urban growth patterns (UGPs) and enhancing production-living-ecological (PLE) functions are crucial for achieving sustainable urbanisation. However, systematic comparisons remain limited regarding how PLE functions vary with population siz...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spatial Optimization and Sustainable Development of Land Use (Second Edition))
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,582 Views
24 Pages

Genome-Wide and Expression Pattern Analysis of the DVL Gene Family Reveals GhM_A05G1032 Is Involved in Fuzz Development in G. hirsutum

  • Yang Jiao,
  • Fuxiang Zhao,
  • Shiwei Geng,
  • Shengmei Li and ,
  • Zhanlian Su,
  • Quanjia Chen,
  • Yu Yu and
  • Yanying Qu
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

22 January 2024

DVL is one of the small polypeptides which plays an important role in regulating plant growth and development, tissue differentiation, and organ formation in the process of coping with stress conditions. So far, there has been no comprehensive analys...

(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Plant Sciences)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
7,704 Views
34 Pages

28 December 2017

In this study, environmental sustainability implications of planned rail infrastructure investments on the urban form and development in the Greater Dublin Region (GDR) have been analysed incorporating the scenario analysis approach. Various scenario...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transport Policy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
829 Views
42 Pages

Quantitative Assessment of Urban Sprawl Dynamics in Moradabad City Using Built-Up Expansion Index and Shannon’s Entropy (1994–2024)

  • Mohammed Faiz,
  • Rashid Aziz Faridi,
  • Fahdah Falah Ben Hasher,
  • Martin Boltižiar and
  • Mohamed Zhran

6 July 2026

Urban sprawl in emerging Indian cities has accelerated over the last three decades as a consequence of rapid population growth, industrial expansion, infrastructure development, and market-driven land conversion. Moradabad, a fast-growing urban cente...

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