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  • Article
  • Open Access
302 Views
9 Pages

14 June 2026

Fluorocarbon (FC)/Pd/Mg multilayer thin films have attracted considerable attention as hydrogen-responsive optical materials. However, their performance is strongly limited by interfacial instability and structural degradation during deposition and h...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
5,068 Views
10 Pages

Soft landing after jumping is associated with the prevention of lower extremity injuries during sports activities in terms of the energy absorption mechanisms. In this study, the contribution of lower extremity joints during soft landing was investig...

(This article belongs to the Collection Injuries in Sports: Epidemiology, Identification, Prevention, Treatment, and Return to Play)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,749 Views
21 Pages

19 October 2021

With the rapid development of the aerospace field, traditional energy absorption materials are becoming more and more inadequate and cannot meet the requirements of having a light weight, high energy absorption efficiency, and high energy absorption...

(This article belongs to the Topic Advances and Applications of Carbon Nanotubes)
  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
5,615 Views
16 Pages

25 July 2019

This paper presents the design, implementation, and testing of a soft landing gear together with a neural network-based control method for replicating avian landing behavior on non-flat surfaces. With full consideration of unmanned aerial vehicles an...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs))
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,794 Views
23 Pages

28 April 2023

Using panel data from 275 prefecture-level cities in China spanning from 2003 to 2019, this paper employs the multiperiod difference-in-differences method to empirically analyze the policy effect of land negotiation policy on local governments’...

(This article belongs to the Section Land Systems and Global Change)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,941 Views
27 Pages

A New Blind Selection Approach for Lunar Landing Zones Based on Engineering Constraints Using Sliding Window

  • Hengxi Liu,
  • Yongzhi Wang,
  • Shibo Wen,
  • Jianzhong Liu,
  • Jiaxiang Wang,
  • Yaqin Cao,
  • Zhiguo Meng and
  • Yuanzhi Zhang

19 June 2023

Deep space exploration has risen in interest among scientists in recent years, with soft landings being one of the most straightforward ways to acquire knowledge about the Moon. In general, landing mission success depends on the selection of landing...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Exploring the Moon, Mars, and Asteroids Using Spacecraft Remote Sensing and Other Toolkits)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,590 Views
16 Pages

22 July 2025

When people overextend their step length, it leads to an increase in vertical movement and braking force. The overextension elevates landing impacts, which may increase pain in the knees or lower back. The objective of this study was to examine the e...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Sensors for Health Monitoring in Older Adults)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,485 Views
15 Pages

17 April 2024

To explore the prediction of vibrations in soft soil foundations, in light of the construction of laboratories with microvibration requirements on soft soil foundations which are subject to the limitations of urban land planning, field testing was co...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors for Vibration Control and Structural Health Monitoring)
  • Article
  • Open Access
496 Views
12 Pages

In Situ Monitoring of Lithium Battery Separator by Low-Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy

  • Lei Wang,
  • Ruisheng Zhang,
  • Yang Yu,
  • Qin Luo,
  • Xiaowei Fang and
  • Yu Deng

15 June 2026

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a popular surface characterization technique. However, SEM observation and measurement of nonconducting soft materials still suffer from the charge effect and beam damage caused by high landing energy. In this wo...

(This article belongs to the Section Nanotechnology and Applied Nanosciences)
  • Article
  • Open Access
54 Citations
9,008 Views
15 Pages

8 January 2018

Pixel-based and object-based classifications are two commonly used approaches in extracting land cover information from remote sensing images. However, they each have their own inherent merits and limitations. This study, therefore, proposes a new cl...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Uncertainty in Remote Sensing Image Analysis)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
746 Views
24 Pages

4 February 2026

Following the launch of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) process at the Rio+20 Summit, China has progressively strengthened sustainability-oriented considerations in development target setting and administration cadre performance assessment,...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Land Management: Urban Planning and Land Use)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,489 Views
13 Pages

Comparison of Gait Characteristics for Horses Without Shoes, with Steel Shoes, and with Aluminum Shoes

  • Katherine Gottleib,
  • Lauren Trager-Burns,
  • Amy Santonastaso,
  • Sophie Bogers,
  • Stephen Werre,
  • Travis Burns and
  • Christopher Byron

13 August 2025

Differences in horseshoe materials may have effects on gait that could change perceived esthetic qualities. Objective information regarding effects of shoeing on gait characteristics of horses is scant. The aim of this study was to determine differen...

(This article belongs to the Section Equids)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1,881 Views
4 Pages

Effectiveness of Mono Sand Piles in Soft Cohesive Ground

  • Qazi Umar Farooq and
  • Muhammad Tayyab Naqash

Soft cohesive formations are extensively distributed across the earth’s land mass. They mainly comprise medium to high plastic clays deposited by thousands of years of geological activity. In Pakistan, the upper and lower plains of the Indus Va...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 5th Conference on Sustainability in Civil Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
4,465 Views
22 Pages

A Novel MADM Framework under q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Bipolar Soft Sets

  • Ghous Ali,
  • Hanan Alolaiyan,
  • Dragan Pamučar,
  • Muhammad Asif and
  • Nimra Lateef

4 September 2021

In many real-life problems, decision-making is reckoned as a powerful tool to manipulate the data involving imprecise and vague information. To fix the mathematical problems containing more generalized datasets, an emerging model called q-rung orthop...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multiple Criteria Decision Making)
  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
4,297 Views
19 Pages

In arid and semi-arid regions, desertification threatens crop production because it reduces the soil’s capacity to retain water and soil nutrients. At two fertilizer levels (90 kg N hm−2 and 45 kg P hm−2 and 270 kg N hm−2 and...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Biochar and Other Organic Amendments within a Sustainable Agriculture and Circular Economy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,355 Views
23 Pages

23 September 2022

This paper presents a control design strategy for the soft-landing problem on the Moon using solid propellant engines (SPEs). While SPEs have controllability issues and issues relating to the fact that they cannot be restarted, they are characterized...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Space Propulsion: Advances and Challenges)
  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
6,602 Views
23 Pages

Land Subsidence in a Coastal City Based on SBAS-InSAR Monitoring: A Case Study of Zhuhai, China

  • Huimin Sun,
  • Hongxia Peng,
  • Min Zeng,
  • Simiao Wang,
  • Yujie Pan,
  • Pengcheng Pi,
  • Zixuan Xue,
  • Xinwen Zhao,
  • Ao Zhang and
  • Fengmei Liu

5 May 2023

The superimposed effects of sea level rise caused by global warming and land subsidence seriously threaten the sustainable development of coastal cities. In recent years, an important coastal city in China, Zhuhai, has been suffering from severe and...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in High Resolution Remote Sensing Image Processing and Analysis: Methodology and Application)
  • Article
  • Open Access
38 Citations
7,753 Views
21 Pages

31 January 2019

“Land finance” refers to the key fiscal strategy in which local governments in China generate revenue through land grant premiums and land tax revenues. A burgeoning body of literature has focused on the driving factors of China’s l...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,152 Views
19 Pages

14 August 2025

During traditional aircraft landings, pilots face significant challenges in identifying runway numbers with the naked eye, particularly at decision height under adverse weather conditions. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel detection...

(This article belongs to the Section Manufacturing Processes and Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
281 Views
17 Pages

Micro-, Meso- and Unit-Scale Characterization of Shanghai Soft Soil Under Groundwater Level Fluctuations

  • Xiaotian Liu,
  • Jianzhong Wu,
  • Haoran Qian,
  • Yansheng Deng,
  • Yan Xu and
  • Xinlei Huang

9 September 2026

Coastal deltas worldwide are among the regions most vulnerable to land subsidence caused by intensive groundwater extraction, posing serious challenges to urban infrastructure and environmental sustainability. Shanghai exemplifies a typical coastal c...

(This article belongs to the Section Hydrogeology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
5,445 Views
16 Pages

26 September 2021

Working trials is a competitive canine discipline based on work undertaken by military and police dogs. A 9 ft long jump is a key component of the discipline. Research into landing forces and joint angulation in other canine disciplines has highlight...

(This article belongs to the Section Companion Animals)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,080 Views
17 Pages

25 October 2025

With the rapid development of coastal and nearshore engineering projects in China, geotextile pipe and bag (GPB) structures have been increasingly applied in marine land reclamation and coastal protection works. To better understand the mechanical be...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coastal Engineering and Fluid–Structure Interactions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
341 Views
39 Pages

18 June 2026

The vertical landing of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) involves highly transient impact dynamics that generate significant vibrations on the UAV body, particularly under uncertain touchdown conditions such as uneven terrain, asymmetric gro...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nonlinear Dynamical Systems: Modeling, Control and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
283 Views
28 Pages

16 August 2026

Focusing on the vertical return mission scenario of reusable launch vehicles, analytical guidance methods commonly adopted in existing research lack effective fuel prediction mechanisms, which severely restricts the mission reliability and fuel econo...

(This article belongs to the Section Aeronautics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
40 Citations
5,026 Views
23 Pages

Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Land Subsidence in Wuhan, China from 2017 to 2021

  • Yizhan Zhao,
  • Lv Zhou,
  • Cheng Wang,
  • Jiahao Li,
  • Jie Qin,
  • Haiquan Sheng,
  • Liangke Huang and
  • Xin Li

30 June 2022

Land subsidence is a common geological hazard. Rapid urban expansion has led to different degrees of ground subsidence within Wuhan in the past few years. The novel coronavirus outbreak in 2020 has seriously impacted urban construction and people&rsq...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring and Modelling of Geological Disasters Based on InSAR Observations)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,663 Views
24 Pages

Improved Mandrel System for Prefabricated Vertical Drain Installation: A Macro to Micro Analysis

  • Meilani Adriyati,
  • Noriyuki Yasufuku,
  • Ryohei Ishikura,
  • Xueting Wu and
  • Ahmad Rifa’i

30 May 2023

Increasing development of infrastructure in Indonesia has driven the need for effective ground improvement methods to accelerate the consolidation of soft soil, which is estimated to occupy around 10% of the country’s land area. A prefabricated...

(This article belongs to the Section Civil Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,271 Views
16 Pages

Parameter Calibration for Discrete Element Simulation of the Interaction between Loose Soil and Thrown Components after Ginseng Land Tillage

  • Ke Du,
  • Jingli Wang,
  • Min Liu,
  • Pengyu Wang,
  • Daping Fu,
  • Weizhi Feng,
  • Lidong Chu,
  • Yichao Ning,
  • Yang Wang and
  • Yingjie Guo

24 January 2024

Given the lack of accurate and reliable discrete element simulation parameters to study the interactions between soft soil and soil casting components after ginseng land cultivation in Northeast China and the design of ginseng land-specific borders,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,244 Views
26 Pages

27 July 2020

To improve the soft-landing crash performance of the movable lander (ML), this study presents an investigation of a newly designed gradual energy-absorbing structure subjected to impact loads using an ML for theoretical calculation and numerical simu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,454 Views
15 Pages

One-Dimensional Solar Energy Thermal Consolidation Model Testing and Analytical Calculation for Marine Soft Clays

  • Changqing Xia,
  • Yuebao Deng,
  • Min Zhu,
  • Jiajun Niu,
  • Liangke Zheng and
  • Xiangsheng Chen

2 November 2022

There are significant energy and financial expenditures associated with the current thermal drainage consolidation approach used to treat the marine soft clay foundation. Especially for some reclaimed lands in remote areas where a large amount of sta...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Offshore Geotechnics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,249 Views
16 Pages

19 July 2023

Development of non-conventional hybrids responds to the demand for the Elotes Occidentales land-race for production of pozole. The effect of growing cycle (2019, 2020, and 2021) on physical characteristics, flowered grain quality, and phytochemical c...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cereals: Aspects of Quality, Health, Technology, and Innovation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
63 Citations
12,615 Views
25 Pages

Relative Sea-Level Rise Scenario for 2100 along the Coast of South Eastern Sicily (Italy) by InSAR Data, Satellite Images and High-Resolution Topography

  • Marco Anzidei,
  • Giovanni Scicchitano,
  • Giovanni Scardino,
  • Christian Bignami,
  • Cristiano Tolomei,
  • Antonio Vecchio,
  • Enrico Serpelloni,
  • Vincenzo De Santis,
  • Carmelo Monaco and
  • Giuseppe Mastronuzzi
  • + 2 authors

15 March 2021

The global sea-level rise (SLR) projections for the next few decades are the basis for developing flooding maps that depict the expected hazard scenarios. However, the spatially variable land subsidence has generally not been considered in the curren...

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Remote Sensing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
50 Citations
7,178 Views
17 Pages

Hierarchical Coding Vectors for Scene Level Land-Use Classification

  • Hang Wu,
  • Baozhen Liu,
  • Weihua Su,
  • Wenchang Zhang and
  • Jinggong Sun

23 May 2016

Land-use classification from remote sensing images has become an important but challenging task. This paper proposes Hierarchical Coding Vectors (HCV), a novel representation based on hierarchically coding structures, for scene level land-use classif...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
4,325 Views
18 Pages

Numerous studies have been devoted to uncovering the characteristics of resident density and urban mobility with multisource geospatial big data. However, little attention has been paid to the internal diversity of residents such as their occupations...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geographical Analysis, Urban Modelling, Spatial Statistics, Econometric and Multidimensional Evaluation in Urban Environment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
7,984 Views
23 Pages

6 August 2016

Remotely sensed imagery is an attractive source of information for mapping and monitoring land cover. Fine spatial resolution imagery is typically acquired infrequently, but fine temporal resolution systems commonly provide coarse spatial resolution...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Citations
6,321 Views
17 Pages

31 October 2017

Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is a recent invasive pest of soft fruits in North and South America and Europe. Control relies on frequent applications of synthetic insecticides. Additional tactics are needed for development of an effective integrated...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,191 Views
21 Pages

Urban Land Subsidence Analyzed Through Time-Series InSAR Coupled with Refined Risk Modeling: A Wuhan Case Study

  • Lv Zhou,
  • Liqi Liang,
  • Quanyu Chen,
  • Haotian He,
  • Hongming Li,
  • Jie Qin,
  • Fei Yang,
  • Xinyi Li and
  • Jie Bai

Due to extensive soft soil and high human activities, Wuhan is a hotspot for land subsidence. This study used the time-series InSAR to calculate the spatial and temporal distribution map of subsidence in Wuhan and analyze the causes of subsidence. An...

(This article belongs to the Topic Geotechnics for Hazard Mitigation, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
40 Citations
5,926 Views
14 Pages

Properties Analysis of Lunar Regolith at Chang’E-4 Landing Site Based on 3D Velocity Spectrum of Lunar Penetrating Radar

  • Zejun Dong,
  • Xuan Feng,
  • Haoqiu Zhou,
  • Cai Liu,
  • Zhaofa Zeng,
  • Jing Li and
  • Wenjing Liang

13 February 2020

The Chinese Chang’E-4 mission for moon exploration has been successfully completed. The Chang’E-4 probe achieved the first-ever soft landing on the floor of Von Kármán crater (177.59°E, 45.46°S) of the South Pole-Ait...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing in Applied Geophysics)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
7,558 Views
27 Pages

Green Belt Implementation in Arid Lands through Soil Reconditioning and Landscape Design: The Case of Hermosillo, Mexico

  • Adriana A. Zuniga-Teran,
  • Blanca González-Méndez,
  • Christina Scarpitti,
  • Bo Yang,
  • Joaquin Murrieta Saldivar,
  • Irene Pineda,
  • Guadalupe Peñúñuri,
  • Eduardo Hinojosa Robles,
  • Kassandra Soto Irineo and
  • Javier Valencia-Sauceda
  • + 1 author

26 November 2022

Green belts are an urban planning approach meant to address urban sprawl and enhance resilience. Many Latin American cities located in arid lands would benefit from the green belt; however, little is known about the factors that determine green belt...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Space Planning, Design and Governance for Enhanced Human Wellbeing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,995 Views
13 Pages

Effects of Arch Support Pad Stiffness on Lower-Limb Biomechanics During Single-Leg Landing

  • Chu-Hao Li,
  • Qiu-Qiong Shi,
  • Kit-Lun Yick,
  • Ming-Yu Hu and
  • Shi-Wei Mo

11 September 2025

Arch structure is a crucial interface between the human body and the ground during landing tasks, but the biomechanical effects of arch support stiffness remain insufficiently explored. This study examines the effects of arch supports with different...

  • Article
  • Open Access
40 Citations
9,142 Views
17 Pages

17 March 2017

Due to the relatively low temporal resolutions of high spatial resolution (HR) remotely sensed images, land-cover change detection (LCCD) may have to use multi-temporal images with different resolutions. The low spatial resolution (LR) images often h...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing Big Data: Theory, Methods and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,069 Views
43 Pages

An Integrated Weighted Fuzzy N-Soft Set–CODAS Framework for Decision-Making in Circular Economy-Based Waste Management Supporting the Blue Economy: A Case Study of the Citarum River Basin, Indonesia

  • Ema Carnia,
  • Moch Panji Agung Saputra,
  • Mashadi,
  • Sukono,
  • Audrey Ariij Sya’imaa HS,
  • Mugi Lestari,
  • Nurnadiah Zamri and
  • Astrid Sulistya Azahra

8 January 2026

The Citarum River Basin (DAS Citarum) in Indonesia faces significant challenges in waste management, necessitating a circular economy-based approach to reduce land-based pollution, which is critical for achieving the sustainability goals of the blue...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,222 Views
24 Pages

20 May 2025

Traditional deep learning algorithms struggle to effectively utilize local spectral info in forest HS images and adequately capture subtle feature differences, often causing model confusion and misclassification. To tackle these issues, we present SF...

(This article belongs to the Topic Challenges, Development and Frontiers of Smart Agriculture and Forestry—2nd Volume)
  • Review
  • Open Access
190 Views
20 Pages

15 September 2026

This literature review synthesizes empirical evidence on bicycle use behavior and decision-support methods for soft mobility infrastructure and service development. The reviewed studies show that cycling behavior is strongly influenced by safety perc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,696 Views
25 Pages

2 March 2023

Artificial reclamation is one of the main means of land expansion in coastal cities. However, the permeability of underlying soft clay (USC), derived from the dredged load, has not been paid enough attention, although it is closely related to the lon...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Groundwater and Surface Water on the Natural Geo-Hazards)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,380 Views
13 Pages

8 December 2021

With the depletion of land mineral resources, people have turned their attention to the sea. As an important part of deep-sea mining systems, the technical research and development of ore collectors has always been a difficult problem in many countri...

(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,259 Views
23 Pages

7 November 2019

The land surface temperature (LST) is a key parameter used to characterize the interaction between land and the atmosphere. Therefore, obtaining highly accurate, spatially consistent and temporally continuous LSTs in large areas is the basis of many...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing Monitoring of Land Surface Temperature (LST))
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,938 Views
19 Pages

22 February 2025

The deep-sea landing vehicle (DSLV) swarm exploration system is a novel platform for the detection of marine mineral resources. A high-precision cooperative localization system with Ultra-Short Baseline (USBL), Doppler Velocity Log (DVL), and electro...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Remote Sensing Application of Autonomous Unmanned Vehicles (UAV/UGV/USV/UUV))
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,385 Views
15 Pages

Comparative Study of the Seismic Response Characteristics of Three Special Soils

  • Feng Qiao,
  • Jingshan Bo,
  • Chaoyu Chang,
  • Liang Wang and
  • Chao Shen

17 October 2023

Because of its special material composition, formation environment and special structure, special soil usually shows different seismic response characteristics from general soil, and sometimes causes serious seismic disasters. Therefore, the study of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
2,629 Views
23 Pages

Effect of Electrode Positioning on Electrokinetic Remediation of Contaminated Soft Clay with Surface Electrolyte

  • Zhaohua Sun,
  • Shuwen Xu,
  • Jianming Zhang,
  • Beukes Demarscho Eugene and
  • Sheng Li

19 October 2024

Soft clay contamination is an increasingly global issue with significant implications for land development and human health. Electrokinetic remediation (EKR) has demonstrated significant potential for cleaning contaminated soils. It is crucial to dev...

(This article belongs to the Section Toxicity Reduction and Environmental Remediation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
881 Views
18 Pages

Performance Analysis and Optimization of a Bio-Inspired Spider-Web-Shaped Energy Absorbing Component for Legged Landers

  • Xueao Liu,
  • Hui Wang,
  • Kai Yang,
  • Bin Zhang,
  • Xuecong Wang,
  • Kaiting Liu and
  • Shiming Zhou

8 November 2025

Inspired by the structural characteristics of natural spider webs, a simplified configuration composed of multi-layer regular polygons was developed to design a novel energy absorbing component for legged landers. To investigate its compressive energ...

(This article belongs to the Section Machine Design and Theory)

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