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Coastal Engineering and Fluid–Structure Interactions

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Oceans and Coastal Zones".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2025 | Viewed by 1378

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chunhui Road 17, Laishan District, Yantai 264003, China
Interests: numerical models; hydrodynamics; wave dynamics; wave–current interaction; coastal circulation; physical modeling; ocean dynamics; water exchange; lagoons; coastal engineering

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Guest Editor
School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China
Interests: nonlinear water wave hydrodynamics; wave–structure interaction; water wave theory; fluid–solid interaction; computational fluid dynamics (CFD); coral reef hydrodynamics; tsunami dynamics; wave propagation model development
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Coastal engineers have designed and constructed protected structures to cope with coastal dynamics, including wave behavior, storm surges, sediment transport, erosion, and sea level changes. Therefore, understanding coastal hydrodynamic environments and fluid–structure interactions is an important issue in coastal engineering. The research topics in the field of coastal engineering include broad scopes such as: (1) coastal dynamic environments of winds, waves, currents, sea ice; (2) sediment transport in the changing morphology of coastal, estuarine, and offshore regions; (3) the technical and functional design of coastal and harbor structures; (4) fluid–structure interactions including conventional hard and nature-based soft structures; (5) innovations in research methods and techniques including mathematical and numerical modeling, laboratory and field observations, and experiments. This Special Issue invites papers including, but not limited to, the abovementioned topics.

  • Coastal engineering;
  • Offshore engineering;
  • Polar engineering;
  • Innovative marine structural design;
  • Innovative analysis technology for coastal engineering;
  • Extreme marine environments and their impacts;
  • Wave–structure interaction/soil(sand)–structure interaction;
  • Coastal zone disaster prevention and mitigation;
  • The reliability and survivability of marine structures;
  • The development of model testing technology.
  • Numerical modeling in coastal zones;
  • Coastal dynamics;
  • Coastal hydrodynamics.

Prof. Dr. Miaohua Mao
Prof. Dr. Junliang Gao
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • coastal engineering
  • wave–structure interactions
  • high-fidelity numerical modeling
  • laboratory and field experiments
  • mathmatical models
  • harbors, coastal, and offshore structures
  • nature-based solutions
  • hydrodynamics
  • wave loads
  • wave overtopping

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 5843 KiB  
Article
Spatial–Temporal Distribution of Offshore Transport Pathways of Coastal Water Masses in the East China Sea Based on GOCI-TSS
by Yuanjie Peng and Wenbin Yin
Water 2025, 17(9), 1370; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17091370 - 1 May 2025
Abstract
The offshore transport of coastal water masses in the East China Sea is vital for maintaining ecological stability. Understanding its spatial-temporal pathways helps clarify material transport and ecological responses. This study used total suspended sediment (TSS) data from the Korean Geostationary Ocean Color [...] Read more.
The offshore transport of coastal water masses in the East China Sea is vital for maintaining ecological stability. Understanding its spatial-temporal pathways helps clarify material transport and ecological responses. This study used total suspended sediment (TSS) data from the Korean Geostationary Ocean Color Imager to analyze TSS distribution and anomalies, combined with satellite-derived surface residual currents. Results show significant seasonal variations: coastal water masses expand to the 50 m isobath in winter and contract to the 20 m isobath in summer. Offshore transport pathways vary spatially, extending to the shelf edge north of 28° N but restricted by the Taiwan Warm Current south of 28° N. A persistent transport pathway near 28° N shifts from northeastward to eastward. Other pathways include one south of Hangzhou Bay (spring and autumn) linked to tidal mixing and another north of the Yangtze River estuary (summer) following the Yangtze River Diluted Water. These findings provide crucial observational insights for modeling material cycling in the East China Sea shelf. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coastal Engineering and Fluid–Structure Interactions)
18 pages, 4426 KiB  
Article
Experimental Study of Sediment Incipient Velocity and Scouring in Submarine Cable Burial Areas
by Fanjun Chen, Wankang Yang, Feng Liu, Lili Zhu and Zhilin Sun
Water 2025, 17(9), 1310; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17091310 - 27 Apr 2025
Viewed by 124
Abstract
This study investigates the incipient motion and scouring of sediments around simulated submarine cables in a controlled flume experiment, focusing on five distinct grain sizes in an experimental pool. The measured incipient velocity values were compared with predictions from three established formulas, leading [...] Read more.
This study investigates the incipient motion and scouring of sediments around simulated submarine cables in a controlled flume experiment, focusing on five distinct grain sizes in an experimental pool. The measured incipient velocity values were compared with predictions from three established formulas, leading to a modification of the Sun Zhilin formula for improved accuracy. By incrementally increasing flow velocity, the scour depth and scour duration were measured required to expose cables buried at varying depths for different sediment sizes, and the relationships between scour rate, relative flow rate, and Froude number were analyzed. The results indicate that as the Froude number increases, both the relative flow velocity and scour rate increase, thereby enhancing the erosion of sediment. The modified formula demonstrated a higher consistency with observed scour depths, providing a reliable tool for assessing submarine cable exposure risks. These findings offer valuable insights for developing effective protection strategies to enhance cable stability in complex marine environments. This research highlights the importance of understanding sediment dynamics and their impact on submarine cable stability, contributing to the development of more effective protection strategies for submarine cables in dynamic seabed conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coastal Engineering and Fluid–Structure Interactions)
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23 pages, 14855 KiB  
Article
Selection of a Turbulence Model for Wave Evolution on a New Ecological Hollow Cube
by Haitao Zhao, Junwei Ye, Kaifang Wang, Yian Zhou, Zhen Zeng, Qiang Li and Xizeng Zhao
Water 2025, 17(8), 1149; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17081149 - 12 Apr 2025
Viewed by 188
Abstract
A suitable turbulence model is needed for numerical simulations to accurately simulate the wave evolution and hydrodynamic performance of the new ecological hollow cube. The new ecological hollow cube is an improvement upon traditional designs, as it can grow plants to dissipate wave [...] Read more.
A suitable turbulence model is needed for numerical simulations to accurately simulate the wave evolution and hydrodynamic performance of the new ecological hollow cube. The new ecological hollow cube is an improvement upon traditional designs, as it can grow plants to dissipate wave energy. In this study, the open-source computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software OpenFOAM v2206 is used as the computational platform to analyze and evaluate the numerical results of four turbulence models, i.e., the standard k-ε, steady k-ω shear stress transfer (SST), buoyancy-corrected k-ω SST, and large eddy simulation (LES) models, by using three mesh systems (with grid counts of 0.89, 2.92, and 8.91 million grids, respectively). Comparison of the numerical results from the four turbulence models reveals that the stabilized k-ω SST turbulence model provides better results for simulating the complex wave evolution process on the cube and effectively captures the wave free surface. In contrast, the other models exhibit a greater grid dependency. The stabilized k-ω SST model more accurately captures the wave run-up and reflection coefficient better than other turbulence models do. Therefore, the stabilized k-ω SST model is selected as the most suitable turbulence model for hydrodynamic modeling of the new ecological hollow cube. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coastal Engineering and Fluid–Structure Interactions)
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15 pages, 5205 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Broken Wave Dissipation Effects of Submerged Shell Dike in Front of Breakwater
by Na Wang, Gang Wang, Hui Zhang and Xing Li
Water 2025, 17(5), 609; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17050609 - 20 Feb 2025
Viewed by 367
Abstract
In this study, the effects of a submerged shell dike in front of a breakwater on dissipating broken waves were studied. The dissipation effects of different broken wave heights and the submerged shell dike were investigated through numerical simulations. High-precision wave gauges and [...] Read more.
In this study, the effects of a submerged shell dike in front of a breakwater on dissipating broken waves were studied. The dissipation effects of different broken wave heights and the submerged shell dike were investigated through numerical simulations. High-precision wave gauges and pressure sensors were used to collect data. Numerical simulations were performed using OpenFOAM software, based on the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method, to simulate broken waves. The time-histories of broken wave heights simulated by the numerical model were validated by physical experiment results, and the proportion of errors was less than 5.6%. The results show that the broken wave exerted on different positions of the breakwater shows a different time-history of pressures, and the peak pressure decreases with the decreasing broken wave height (from 0.342 to 0.227 m in the model) and increasing radii of the submerged shell dike (from 0.03 m to 0.18 m in the model). Through dimensional analysis, the relationship between the broken wave pressures and the dimensionless parameters related to broken wave height, breakwater height, and the radii of the submerged shell dike were established. Following the attenuation of the broken wave by the submerged shell dike, the equations for estimating broken wave pressures on various points along the breakwater were proposed. These equations are functions of the broken wave height, the radius of the submerged shell dike, and the height of the breakwater. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coastal Engineering and Fluid–Structure Interactions)
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