The most used types of mechanical ventilation are volume- and pressure-controlled ventilation, respectively characterized by a square and a decelerating flow waveform. Nowadays, the clinical utility of different inspiratory flow waveforms remains unc...
We report on a 70-year-old Japanese man with complaints of worsening left visual acuity who was diagnosed with ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) associated with internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. A gonioscopy examination showed rubeosis iridis and...
A reliable method for non-invasive detection of dangerous intracranial pressure (ICP) elevations is still unavailable. In this preliminary study, we investigate quantitatively our observation that superimposing waveforms of transcranial Doppler blood...
Objectives: To investigate the value of subtypes of completely reversed flow (CRF) waveform in vertebral artery (VA) on Doppler ultrasound in differentiation occlusion from severe stenosis of the ipsilateral proximal subclavian artery (SA). Methods:...
The widespread adoption of long-term organs-on-a-chip culture necessitates both active perfusions that mimic physiological flow conditions and minimization of the complexity of microfluidic system and fluid handling. In particular, flow in microtissu...
Portal venous (PV) flow Doppler velocimetry assesses venous congestion in heart failure, showing PV pulsatility due to backward transmission of right atrial pressure (RAP) through the sinusoids. However, PV pulsatility has also been observed under ph...
Patient–ventilator dyssynchrony is a mismatch between the patient’s respiratory efforts and mechanical ventilator delivery. Dyssynchrony can occur at any phase throughout the respiratory cycle. There are different types of dyssynchrony with different...
Background/Objectives: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is caused by spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage and is typically diagnosed by clinical presentation and characteristic MRI signs; however, objective tools for monitoring physiolo...
Rock-like brittle materials under dynamic load will show more complex dynamic mechanical properties than those under static load. The relationship between pulse waveform characteristics and strain rate effect and inertia effect is rarely discussed in...
Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) estimates pulse signals from facial videos, but motion, illumination variation, exposure control, and compression can distort the waveform used for heart-rate (HR) estimation. The Plane-Orthogonal-to-Skin (POS) wave...
In order to study internal relation among the behavior of the weld pool, the microstructure of weld bead and the waveform of short-circuiting gas metal arc welding (S-GMAW), a high speed photograph-images analysis system was formed to extract charact...
We describe a case of an asymptomatic 70-year-old female patient on whom a carotid ultrasound examination was performed that showed intima–media thickening and a 4 mm long carotid web with a 50% web-to-bulb ratio. Spectral Doppler waveform demo...
Mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E) is essential for secretion clearance, especially in neuromuscular disorders. For the best outcomes, initiation of MI-E should be started at the correct time with regular evaluation to the response to treatm...
Deep-water gravity-flow depositional systems are characterized by intricate internal architectural configurations and pronounced heterogeneity. Traditional outcrop studies rely heavily on qualitative observations and often fail to capture the sub-sei...
During pressure support ventilation (PSV), excessive assist results in weak inspiratory efforts and promotes diaphragm atrophy and delayed weaning. The aim of this study was to develop a classifier using a neural network to identify weak inspiratory...
Background: Arterial Doppler flow waveform analysis is a tool recommended for the management of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD). To standardize the waveform analysis, classifications have been proposed. Neural networks have shown a...
Effective pulmonary drug delivery using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) requires a match between the MDI sprays, the patient’s breathing, and respiratory physiology. Different inhalers generate aerosols with distinct aerosol sizes and speeds, which requ...
Background: Characterisation of arterial Doppler waveforms is a persistent problem and a source of confusion in clinical practice. Classifications have been proposed to address the problem but their efficacy in clinical practice is unknown. The aim o...
To assess hotspot micro-vessel flow velocity waveforms in human papillomavirus (HPV) cervical infections using transvaginal power Doppler ultrasound (TV-PDU) and to explore the associations of these sonographic parameters with HPV condyloma and low-g...
For satisfactory traffic management of an intelligent transport system, it is vital that traffic microwave radar detectors (TMRDs) can provide real-time traffic information with high accuracy. In this study, we develop several information-aided smart...
Piezoelectric print-heads (PPHs) are used with a variety of fluid materials with specific functions. Thus, the volume flow rate of the fluid at the nozzle determines the formation process of droplets, which is used to design the drive waveform of the...
In some applications of piezoelectric three-dimensional inkjet printing, the materials used are power-law fluids as they are shear thinning. Their time-varying viscosities affect the droplet formation, which is determined by the volume flow rate at t...
The pneumotachograph (PNT), a commonly used flowmeter in pulmonary function diagnostic equipment, is the required frequency calibration to maintain high accuracy. Aiming to simplify calibration steps, we developed a fast calibration system with a com...
Background and objectives: Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) cannulas have major repercussions on vascular hemodynamics that can potentially lead to limb ischemia. Duplex ultrasound enables the non-invasive analysis of vasc...
Frequent heat-source drift and environmental disturbances keep hydrogen compressors in a state of thermal non-equilibrium, where transient interactions between thermal transpiration and Poiseuille flows significantly influence system stability and sa...
Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide, creating a need for reliable hemodynamic testing platforms for cardiovascular device evaluation and therapeutic development. Mock circulatory loops (MCLs) provide effective in v...
In this paper, the design of low probability of intercept (LPI) radar waveforms considers not only the performance of passive interception systems (PISs), but also radar detection and resolution performance. Waveform design is an important considerat...
When a missile-borne pulsed laser forward detection system flies at supersonic speed, the laser beam will be distorted by the uneven outflow field, resulting in a significant reduction in ranging accuracy. In this paper, the impact of high flight spe...
The waveform of chest compressions directly affects the blood circulation of patients with cardiac arrest. Currently, few pieces of research have focused on the influence of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) device’s mechanical waveform o...
Aortic dissection is a catastrophic failure of the endothelial wall that could lead to malperfusion or rupture. Computational modelling tools may help detect arterial damage. Technological advancements have led to more sophisticated forms of modellin...
Borehole hydraulic fracturing in coal mines can effectively prevent coal rock dynamic disasters. Accurately recognizing weak microseismic events is an essential prerequisite for the micro-seismic monitoring of hydraulic fracturing in coal seams. This...
Monitoring intracranial pressure (ICP) dynamics is critical for the management of traumatic brain injury, stroke, other neurosurgical conditions, and cerebral blood flow autoregulation; however, invasive ICP monitoring carries risks such as infection...
This paper presents a flow analysis of the original pressure sensor used to determine times until full opening and closing of the pulse-operated low-pressure gas-phase solenoid valve. The sensor in question, due to the fast variation of the process l...
Background and Aims: Running can induce advantageous cardiovascular effects such as improved arterial stiffness and blood-supply perfusion. However, the differences between the vascular and blood-flow perfusion conditions under different levels of en...
In this paper, nonlinearity associated with intense ultrasound is studied by using the one-dimensional motion of nonlinear shock wave in an ideal fluid. In nonlinear acoustics, the wave speed of different segments of a waveform is different, which ca...
We have conducted cervical imaging of uterine and micro-vessel flow velocity waveforms in acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) by transvaginal power Doppler ultrasound (TVPDU) in order to explore the associations of sonographic parameters with sim...
Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) preserves the life of heart failure patients by providing an adequate oxygen supply and blood flow to vital organs. For patients with severe cardiogenic shock secondary to acute myocardial...
Cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of mortality in the United States, driving the need for advanced cardiovascular devices and pharmaceuticals. Mock Circulatory Loops (MCLs) have emerged as essential tools for in vitro testing, replicatin...
Integrated circuits are the core building components of virtually all communication systems. Wireless communication systems are becoming increasingly common. They require specialized transmission components to reduce electromagnetic interference. Thi...
The steady increase in nonlinear loads in modern electric power systems leads to distortion of electrical signal waveforms and, consequently, to deterioration of power quality. The presence of higher harmonics in the network adversely affects electri...
During an angioscopy operation, a transparent liquid called dextran is sprayed out from a catheter to flush the blood away from the space between the camera and target. Medical doctors usually inject dextran at a constant flow rate. However, they oft...
Actuators play an important role in modern active flow control technology. Dielectric barrier discharge plasma can be used to induce localized velocity perturbations in air, so as to accomplish modifications to the global flow field. This paper prese...
Reconstruction of the periodontal ligament (PDL) to fulfill functional requirement remains a challenge. This study sought to develop a biomimetic microfibrous system capable of withstanding the functional load to assist PDL regeneration. Collagen-bas...
PWM-based variable-rate spraying is an effective approach for improving pesticide application precision, but the coupling between nozzle actuation response, flow regulation, droplet size, and spray distribution under different operating parameters re...
In recent years, the assessment of systolic acceleration in lower-extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) has been brought back into the spotlight, whatever measure is used: time (in s) or acceleration (in cm.s−2). Acceleration time (also called sy...
The elastic full-waveform inversion (EFWI) method efficiently utilizes the amplitude, phase, and travel time information present in multi-component seismic recordings to create detailed parameter models of subsurface structures. Within full-waveform...
The design of channel geometry plays a critical role in the performance of proton exchange membrane electrolytic cells (PEMECs), particularly in addressing challenges such as bubble accumulation and pressure drop, which hinder efficient hydrogen prod...
The origin of the photoplethysmography (PPG) signal is a debatable topic, despite plausible models being addressed. One concern revolves around the correlation between the mechanical waveform’s pulsatile nature and the associated biomechanism....
Potential pitfalls of fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements are well-known drawbacks of invasive physiology measurement, e.g., significant drift of the distal pressure trace may lead to the misclassification of stenoses. Thus, a simultaneous wav...
Atherosclerotic intracranial internal carotid artery stenosis (IICAS) is a leading cause of strokes. Due to the limitations of major cerebral imaging techniques, the early diagnosis of IICAS remains challenging. Clinical studies have revealed that ar...
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