The strict restrictions imposed both by mandatory regulations and by the recommendations contained in current standards have led to the fact that most commercially available LED ballasts nowadays use two-stage topologies. The first stage is intended...
Mature B cells notably diversify immunoglobulin (Ig) production through class switch recombination (CSR), allowing the junction of distant “switch” (S) regions. CSR is initiated by activation-induced deaminase (AID), which targets cytosin...
Class switch recombination (CSR) is a fundamental mechanism of humoral immunity that enables activated B lymphocytes to switch from the expression of IgM to other immunoglobulin isotypes, such as IgG, IgA, or IgE, thereby changing the effector functi...
A foreign metal object will deteriorate the performance of wireless power transfer (WPT) systems and cause insecurity issues. Therefore, the influence principles and rules of foreign metal objects on soft-switching conditions of Class-E inverters and...
This paper presents a complete design methodology of a Class-E inverter for capacitive wireless power transfer (CWPT) applications, focusing on the capacitance coupling influence. The CWPT has been investigated in this paper, because most of the lite...
Selecting the switching (carrier) frequency of a Class-D power stage couples reconstruction-filter attenuation, dead-time distortion, pulse-width headroom, and switching loss. This paper derives closed-form joint bounds on the carrier of a full-bridg...
In this paper, the solutions of a class of switch dynamical systems are investigated. The right-hand side of the underlying equations is discontinuous with respect to the state variable. The discontinuity is represented by jump discontinuous function...
This paper presents a switched capacitor technique for bus-pumping compensation in a half-bridge class-D amplifier. The proposed approach, in addition to the almost complete reduction of the bus-pumping effect, allows the half-bridge class-D amplifie...
This article addresses the problem of hard switching caused by the change of equivalent load in a wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on a class E inverter. Based on the load-sensitive characteristics of the class E inverter, the coil structur...
11 October 2022
Background: Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are leading to a general increase in atopic diseases worldwide. However, it is still unknown whether DEPs induce systemic B-cell IgE class switching in secondary lymphoid organs or locally in the lungs in i...
To develop efficient applications of monoclonal antibodies for therapeutic purposes, stereospecific recognition of the target antigens is needed. DNA immunization is one of the best methods for sensitizing B lymphocytes that can produce conformation-...
Background: the present multicenter retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intra-class switching between interleukin-17A (IL-17A) inhibitors, specifically from ixekizumab to secukinumab, in patients with plaque psoriasis. Me...
The paper presents the development of a megavolt-class SF6-insulated radial switch. The switch is used as a crowbar in a MV Tesla-type generator to produce pulsed electric fields in very large volumes, for proof-of-concept experimentation of a novel...
Targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors (BRAFi, MEKi) is one of the mainstays of melanoma treatment. When dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) is observed, an option represents the intra-class switch to a different BRAFi+MEKi combination. Currently, th...
For nearly three decades, R loops have been closely linked with class switch recombination (CSR), the process that generates antibody isotypes and that occurs via a complex cascade initiated by transcription-coupled mutagenesis in switch recombinatio...
The advent of CMOS power amplifiers has enabled compact and cost-effective solutions for RF applications. Among the available options, switching amplifiers are the most competitive due to their superior efficiency. In this paper, we present the desig...
Although the role of T lymphocytes in sarcoidosis (SA) and lung cancer (LC) is quite well reported, the occurrence of B cells in disease microenvironments may suggest their potential role as natural modifiers of the immune response. The aim of this s...
Skin and cancer cell treatments using high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) have garnered considerable attention as a technology with fewer side effects. Hence, various schemes have been developed to operate ultrasound transducers with high effici...
This paper analyses an off-nominal Class E ZVS amplifier, with an R.F. supply choke and the switch on-duty ratio D = 0.5, to identify conditions for its high-frequency and high-efficiency operation. Simple user-friendly analytical expressions for the...
A family of improved low-voltage switched-capacitor circuits is introduced. It is based on the utilization of multiple-output class AB/AB op-amp architectures that provide true sample and hold outputs that are not subject to a reset phase as with con...
The switch to emergency remote teaching (ERT) due to the first COVID-19 lockdown demanded a lot from university lecturers yet did not pose the same challenge to all of them. This study sought to explain differences among lecturers (n = 796) from univ...
The phenotype of primary immunodeficiency disorders (PID), and especially common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), may be dominated by symptoms of autoimmune disorders. Furthermore, autoimmunity may be the first manifestation of PID, frequently prece...
The evolution of power electronics led to rapid development in wireless charging technology; as a result, a single active switch topology was introduced. The present market utilizes inductive wireless power transfer (IPT); because of the disadvantage...
Very high IgM levels represent the hallmark of hyper IgM (HIGM) syndromes, a group of primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) characterized by susceptibility to infections and malignancies. Other PIDs not fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for HIGM syndrom...
22 September 2025
This paper presents a Class E zero-voltage soft-switching (ZVS) resonant inverter integrated with a CLC filter and a digital resonant frequency tracking technique for driving a piezoelectric ceramic transducer (PZT) in ultrasonic cleaning application...
Class-D power amplifiers driving variable loads, such as inductively coupled plasma (ICP), typically require an impedance matching network, which has a relatively slow matching speed, generally in the millisecond range. To address this issue, this pa...
Background: The clinical relevance of circulating B-cell subpopulations during the early period after kidney transplantation remains incompletely understood. Methods: In this prospective single-center study, frequencies and absolute numbers of periph...
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have transformed the treatment of multiple malignancies by restoring antitumor T-cell activity. Their clinical identity is therefore that of immune-enhancing therapies. However, the biology of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis is more...
A new population of correlative and switchable 4D hyperchaotic systems and their switch-synchronization are investigated. First, the switched system with the self-contained subsystems which show some symmetry are constructed. The Lyapunov exponent sp...
Infrared imaging technology, used both to study deep-space bodies’ radiation and environmental changes on Earth, experienced constant improvements in the last few years, pushing data converter designers to face new challenges in terms of speed, power...
Nowadays, the necessity to predict the performance of cloud and edge computing-based architectures has become paramount, in order to respond to the pressure of data growth and more aggressive level of service agreements. In this respect, the problem...
This paper presents a comparative analysis of the class E and selected enhanced class E inverters, namely, the second and third harmonic group of class EFn, E/Fn and the class E Flat Top inverter. The inverters are designed under identical specificat...
B lymphocyte development has two DNA recombination processes: V(D)J recombination of the immunoglobulin (Igh) gene variable region, and class switching of the Igh constant regions from IgM to IgG, IgA, or IgE. V(D)J recombination is required for the...
A common biologic property of the gammaherpesviruses Epstein–Barr Virus and Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus is their use of B lymphocytes as a reservoir of latency in healthy individuals that can undergo oncogenic transformation later in life. Gamma...
This paper is concerned with the switched observer design for a class of systems subject to locally Lipschitz non-linearities. By performing a suitable description of the estimation error dynamics into a linear parameter varying (LPV) system represen...
The aim of this study was to analyze the profiles of IgG subclasses in COVID-19 convalescent Puerto Rican subjects and compare these profiles with those of non-infected immunocompetent or immunocompromised subjects that received two or more doses of...
Lymphocytes are endowed with unique and specialized enzymatic mutagenic properties that allow them to diversify their antigen receptors, which are crucial sensors for pathogens and mediators of adaptive immunity. During lymphocyte development, the an...
In the setting of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), Rituximab (RTX) is used for the treatment and prevention of EBV-associated post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease or autoimmune phenomena such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia...
This paper addresses the problem of coexistence of synchronization and anti-synchronization (CSAS) for a class of switched chaotic systems by adaptive control method, where the switched system is realized by unified chaotic systems under arbitrary sw...
This paper investigates the problem of sliding mode control for a class of hybrid switched systems with matching disturbances. Firstly, a sliding mode surface is designed, and the corresponding sliding mode equation for the switched system is derived...
This paper explores the design of a Class-E amplifier with finite DC-feed inductance using three tuning methods. Furthermore, this work quantifies the impacts of the tuning process (referred to in this paper as the tuning effect) on the main figures...
The bifurcation of limit cycles is an important part in the study of switching systems. The investigation of limit cycles includes the number and configuration, which are related to Hilbert’s 16th problem. Most researchers studied the number of...
Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a wireless communication technology that uses visible light to transmit information. The most extended implementation of a VLC transmitter employs a DC-DC power converter that biases the High-Brightness LEDs (HB-L...
The progress of technology involves the continuous improvement of current machines to attain higher levels of energy efficiency, operational dependability, and effectiveness. Induction heating is a thermal process that involves the heating of materia...
Locomotion systems with variant constraints are familiar in real world applications, but the dynamics and control issues of variant constraint systems have not been sufficiently discussed to date. From the viewpoint of Lagrange–d’Alembert...
In this paper, we investigate the stability analysis for a class of novel variable-order Caputo fractional-order dual switching systems. First, the short memory principle is adopted to construct the studied system model, where the Caputo fractional o...
Classical Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I (MHC-I) molecules are traditionally viewed as stable peptide-presenting structures expressed on the surface of all nucleated cells. Their expression by professional antigen-presenting dendritic cells...
This paper introduces a rigorous class of two-dimensional Markov-switching autoregressive moving-average (2D MS-ARMA) models for spatial lattice data exhibiting regime-dependent dynamics. The switching mechanism is governed by a latent causal Markov...
The existence of homoclinic orbits or heteroclinic cycle plays a crucial role in chaos research. This paper investigates the existence of the homoclinic orbits to a saddle-focus equilibrium point in several classes of three-dimensional piecewise affi...
This paper presents an analysis and modeling of the class-E inverter for ZVS/ZVDS execution at any duty ratio. The methodology is to determine the input current to the inverter analytically under the assumption that it always remains positive. The la...
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