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3,071 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,622 Views
23 Pages

Design and Analysis of FSM-Based AES Encryption on FPGA Versus MATLAB Environment

  • Sunny Arief Sudiro,
  • Fauziah,
  • Ragiel Hadi Prayitno,
  • Bayu Kumoro Yakti and ,
  • Sarifuddin Madenda and
  • Michel Paindavoine
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

The present paper compares and analyzes the design of AES-128 encryption and decryption using Finite State Machine (FSM) architecture on FPGA and MATLAB platforms. This study aims to evaluate performance disparities in terms of execution time, throug...

(This article belongs to the Section Computer Science & Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,725 Views
13 Pages

Efficient Reduction Algorithms for Banded Symmetric Generalized Eigenproblems via Sequentially Semiseparable (SSS) Matrices

  • Fan Yuan,
  • Shengguo Li,
  • Hao Jiang,
  • Hongxia Wang and ,
  • Cheng Chen,
  • Lei Du and
  • Bo Yang
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

13 May 2022

In this paper, a novel algorithm is proposed for reducing a banded symmetric generalized eigenvalue problem to a banded symmetric standard eigenvalue problem, based on the sequentially semiseparable (SSS) matrix techniques. It is the first time that...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Matrix Equations and Their Algorithms Analysis)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,640 Views
15 Pages

20 February 2025

In this article, we introduce and study a generalized Cayley variational inclusion problem incorporating XOR and XNOR operations. We establish an equivalent fixed-point formulation and demonstrate the Lipschitz continuity of the generalized Cayley ap...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Analysis and Optimization)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,044 Views
16 Pages

Enhanced Raccoon Optimization Algorithm for PMSM Electrical Parameter Identification

  • Zhihong Hu,
  • Jihao Zhan,
  • Zelan Li,
  • Xiangqing Hou and ,
  • Zhiang Fu and
  • Xiaoliang Yang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

12 February 2025

This article proposes an improved algorithm for the parameter identification of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). An enhanced raccoon optimization algorithm (EROA) was formed by combining the raccoon optimization algorithm (ROA) with the a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Renewable Energy Management System and Power Electronic Converters)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
6,069 Views
20 Pages

18 September 2020

This paper presents an obstacle-avoidance trajectory tracking method based on a nonlinear model prediction, with a dynamic environment considered in the trajectory tracking of nonholonomic mobile robots for obstacle avoidance. In this method, collisi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,233 Views
14 Pages

Free-Form Surface Partitioning and Simulation Verification Based on Surface Curvature

  • Hongwei Liu,
  • Enzhong Zhang,
  • Ruiyang Sun,
  • Wenhui Gao and
  • Zheng Fu

7 December 2022

To address the problem of low overall machining efficiency of free-form surfaces and difficulty in ensuring machining quality, this paper proposes a MATLAB-based free-form surface division method. The surface division is divided into two stages: Part...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Manufacturing Technology and Systems, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
6,578 Views
15 Pages

12 April 2018

The conversion and control for the utilization of power generated from energy sources can be performed using a power electronic converter system. The voltage source inverter (VSI) is one of the commonly used converter topologies, being controlled by...

(This article belongs to the Section F: Electrical Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,531 Views
20 Pages

Numerical Modeling, Analysis, and Optimization of RFID Tags Functioning at Low Frequencies

  • Claudia Constantinescu,
  • Sergiu Andreica,
  • Rapolti Laszlo,
  • Adina Giurgiuman and ,
  • Marian Gliga,
  • Calin Munteanu and
  • Claudia Pacurar
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

19 October 2024

RFID (radio frequency identification) tags play a crucial role in a wide range of applications, from wireless communications to personal tracking and smart city infrastructure. These tags come in various shapes and sizes, prompting the authors to rev...

(This article belongs to the Section Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
4,920 Views
21 Pages

Enhancing Economic Efficiency: Analyzing Transformer Life-Cycle Costs in Power Grids

  • Fangxu Gui,
  • Heng Chen,
  • Xinyue Zhao,
  • Peiyuan Pan and ,
  • Cheng Xin and
  • Xue Jiang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

26 January 2024

The transformer is a fundamental piece of equipment for power grids. The analysis and optimization of their life-cycle costs are of great importance to reinforce the economic efficiency of electrical networks. This paper constructs a comprehensive tr...

(This article belongs to the Section F3: Power Electronics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,816 Views
11 Pages

A Fast Modeling Method for BOR–FDTD

  • Meng Chen,
  • Xinbo He and
  • Bing Wei

6 December 2024

Aiming at the inefficiency caused by the optimal design of rotationally symmetric horn feed models, a fast modeling method for rotationally symmetric structures is proposed, which is used to deal with the mesh generation of rotationally symmetric str...

  • Article
  • Open Access
49 Citations
5,075 Views
27 Pages

A Dragonfly Optimization Algorithm for Extracting Maximum Power of Grid-Interfaced PV Systems

  • Ehtisham Lodhi,
  • Fei-Yue Wang,
  • Gang Xiong,
  • Ghulam Ali Mallah and ,
  • Muhammad Yaqoob Javed,
  • Tariku Sinshaw Tamir and
  • David Wenzhong Gao
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

28 September 2021

Currently, grid-connected Photovoltaic (PV) systems are widely encouraged to meet increasing energy demands. However, there are many urgent issues to tackle that are associated with PV systems. Among them, partial shading is the most severe issue as...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Grid Analytics for Sustainability and Urbanization in Big Data)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
7,252 Views
20 Pages

Method for Improving Range Resolution of Indoor FMCW Radar Systems Using DNN

  • Hwesoo Park,
  • Minji Kim,
  • Yunho Jung and
  • Seongjoo Lee

3 November 2022

Various studies on object detection are being conducted, and in this regard, research on frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) RADAR is being actively conducted. FMCW RADAR requires high-distance resolution to accurately detect objects. However,...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue RADAR Sensors and Digital Signal Processing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,818 Views
16 Pages

Comfort Optimization of the Active Collision Avoidance Control System of Electric Vehicles for Green Manufacturing

  • Ning Li,
  • Yingshuai Liu,
  • Tengfei Zhang,
  • Yongqi Yang and ,
  • Chunlin Wang and
  • Xinzhi Wang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

6 February 2023

The vehicle model was built based on MATLAB/Simulink and Carsim, and the multi-objective active collision avoidance control algorithm considering safety and comfort was established based on a model predictive control (MPC) algorithm. The vehicle acti...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Manufacturing and Sustainable Supply Chain Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,227 Views
13 Pages

An Efficient Algorithm for Eigenvalue Problem of Latin Squares in a Bipartite Min-Max-Plus System

  • Mubasher Umer,
  • Umar Hayat,
  • Fazal Abbas,
  • Anurag Agarwal and
  • Petko Kitanov

21 February 2020

In this paper, we consider the eigenproblems for Latin squares in a bipartite min-max-plus system. The focus is upon developing a new algorithm to compute the eigenvalue and eigenvectors (trivial and non-trivial) for Latin squares in a bipartite min-...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Numerical Linear and Multilinear Algebra)
  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
7,335 Views
17 Pages

29 March 2017

This paper presents an improved maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm using a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) in order to extract potential maximum power from photovoltaic cells. The objectives of the proposed algorithm are to improve the tracki...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Saving)
  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
5,787 Views
29 Pages

16 November 2018

Optimal energy extraction under partial shading conditions from a photovoltaic (PV) array is particularly challenging. Conventional techniques fail to achieve the global maximum power point (GMPP) under such conditions, while soft computing technique...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Renewable Electric Energy Systems)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,010 Views
10 Pages

Optimization of a Speed Controller of a DFIM with Metaheuristic Algorithms

  • Chetioui Lotfi,
  • Zennir Youcef,
  • Arabi Marwa,
  • Horst Schulte and ,
  • Bendib Riad and
  • Mechhoud El-Arkam
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

16 January 2023

This study proposes a control architecture based on iterative stochastic algorithms to control the doubly-fed induction machine (DFIM), often used in wind systems. We briefly present the modeling of this machine. We describe in more detail the contro...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 2nd International Conference on Computational Engineering and Intelligent Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,675 Views
5 Pages

In this paper, a simple but innovative algorithm is developed to effectively reduce peak-to-average power ratio for electric vehicles powered by battery pack (BP) alone under real-life load fluctuation. A convertersupercapacitor pack (SP) coupled Hyb...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,330 Views
33 Pages

Modelling of Selected Algorithms for Maximum Power Point Tracking in Photovoltaic Panels

  • Grzegorz Trzmiel,
  • Jarosław Jajczyk,
  • Jan Szulta,
  • Norbert Chamier-Gliszczynski and
  • Waldemar Woźniak

1 October 2025

The main focus of this article is the simulation and analysis of the operating principles of selected maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms for photovoltaic panels, as well as a comparison of various techniques used to address this challenge...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Material, Performance and Design of Solar Cells)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,646 Views
21 Pages

FPGA Hardware Realization of Membrane Calculation Optimization Algorithm with Great Parallelism

  • Qi Song,
  • Yourui Huang,
  • Wenhao Lai,
  • Jiachang Xu and ,
  • Shanyong Xu,
  • Tao Han and
  • Xue Rong
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

19 October 2022

Aiming to investigate the disadvantage of the optimization algorithm of membrane computing (a P system) in which it is difficult to take advantage of parallelism in MATLAB, leading to a slow optimization speed, a digital-specific hardware solution (f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,075 Views
14 Pages

Energy Simulation and Parametric Analysis of Water Cooled Thermal Photovoltaic Systems: Energy and Exergy Analysis of Photovoltaic Systems

  • Oriza Candra,
  • Narukullapati Bharath Kumar,
  • Ngakan Ketut Acwin Dwijendra,
  • Indrajit Patra and ,
  • Ali Majdi,
  • Untung Rahardja,
  • Mikhail Kosov,
  • John William Grimaldo Guerrero and
  • Ramaswamy Sivaraman
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

14 November 2022

It is generally agreed that solar energy, which can be converted into usable electricity by means of solar panels, is one of the most important renewable energy sources. An energy and exergy study of these panels is the first step in developing this...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Renewable Energy Technologies and Systems: Development, Challenges and Opportunities)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,028 Views
13 Pages

LMS/RLS/OCTAVE Vibration Controls of Cold Orbital Forging Machines for Improving Quality of Forged Vehicle Parts

  • Mingzhang Chen,
  • Xinfei Ning,
  • Zijian Zhou,
  • Yuwen Shu and ,
  • Yun Tang,
  • Yang Cao,
  • Xuebing Shang and
  • Xinghui Han
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

Cold orbital forging (COF) as an advanced incremental metal-forming technology has been widely used in processing vehicle parts. During the COF process, the vibration on the COF machine injures the service life of the machine and the quality of the f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
5,621 Views
17 Pages

18 December 2020

With ever-increasing wireless network demands, low-complexity reconfigurable filter design is expected to continue to require research attention. Extracting and reconfiguring channels of choice from multi-standard receivers using a generalized discre...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,871 Views
23 Pages

16 June 2017

The existing literature predominantly concentrates on the utilization of the gradient descent algorithm for control systems’ design in power systems for stability enhancement. In this paper, various flavors of the Conjugate Gradient (CG) algorithm ha...

(This article belongs to the Section F: Electrical Engineering)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,342 Views
10 Pages

Optimization of a Speed Controller of a WECS with Metaheuristic Algorithms

  • Chetioui Lotfi,
  • Zennir Youcef,
  • Arabi Marwa,
  • Horst Schulte and ,
  • Mechhoud El-Arkam and
  • Bendib Riad
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

This paper describes the modeling and control of a high-power wind energy conversion system (WECS) using a variable speed doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) with the application of an MPPT method to obtain the maximum power from the system. We app...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 2nd International Conference on Computational Engineering and Intelligent Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
421 Citations
17,509 Views
11 Pages

The objective of this study is to compare the predictive ability of Bayesian regularization with Levenberg–Marquardt Artificial Neural Networks. To examine the best architecture of neural networks, the model was tested with one-, two-, three-, four-,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5,541 Views
24 Pages

20 February 2019

To improve the safety of intelligent electric vehicles and avoid side slipping on curved roads with changing friction coefficients, an integrated speed planning and friction coefficient estimation algorithm is proposed. With this algorithm, the speed...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
2,597 Views
19 Pages

Fast Algorithms for Estimating the Disturbance Inception Time in Power Systems Based on Time Series of Instantaneous Values of Current and Voltage with a High Sampling Rate

  • Mihail Senyuk,
  • Svetlana Beryozkina,
  • Pavel Gubin,
  • Anna Dmitrieva and ,
  • Firuz Kamalov,
  • Murodbek Safaraliev and
  • Inga Zicmane
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

24 October 2022

The study examines the development and testing of algorithms for disturbance inception time estimation in a power system using instantaneous values of current and voltage with a high sampling rate. The algorithms were tested on both modeled and physi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling and Simulation for the Electrical Power System)
  • Article
  • Open Access
40 Citations
6,744 Views
20 Pages

14 October 2021

This paper proposes a novel model predictive control (MPC) algorithm that increases the path tracking performance according to the control input. The proposed algorithm reduces the path tracking errors of MPC by updating the sampling time of the next...

(This article belongs to the Section Electronic Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,087 Views
13 Pages

23 August 2018

This paper proposes a phasor measurement algorithm that is suitable for a distribution network. Under the condition of fixed interval and high frequency sampling, the algorithm uses a dynamic calibration factor to correct the traditional Discrete Fou...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,022 Views
7 Pages

This study presents a coalition-based parallel metaheuristic algorithm for solving the Permutation Flow Shop Scheduling Problem (PFSP). This novel approach incorporates five different single-solution-based metaheuristic algorithms (SSBMA) (Simulated...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Algorithms)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,104 Views
21 Pages

26 August 2025

In this paper, we present an algorithm for determining the strong fuzzy grade of a hypergroup, considering a particular class of hypergroups associated with genetics. A study is carried out depending on the cardinality of the initial hypergroup. The...

(This article belongs to the Collection Feature Papers in Algorithms for Multidisciplinary Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
11,108 Views
17 Pages

Design of Belief Propagation Based on FPGA for the Multistereo CAFADIS Camera

  • Eduardo Magdaleno,
  • Jonás Philipp Lüke,
  • Manuel Rodríguez and
  • José Manuel Rodríguez-Ramos

15 October 2010

In this paper we describe a fast, specialized hardware implementation of the belief propagation algorithm for the CAFADIS camera, a new plenoptic sensor patented by the University of La Laguna. This camera captures the lightfield of the scene and can...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Sensors - 2010)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,876 Views
23 Pages

Additive Manufacturing of Smart Composite Structures Based on Flexinol Wires

  • Olaf Dudek,
  • Wojciech Klein,
  • Damian Gąsiorek and
  • Mariusz Pawlak

10 January 2022

3D printing of a composite structure with shape memory materials requires a special approach to the subject, at the stage of the design and printing process. This paper presents the design steps during the development of a 3D-printed composite struct...

(This article belongs to the Section Manufacturing Processes and Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,394 Views
31 Pages

12 June 2021

In this paper, a solution is provided to solve the heat conduction equation in the three-dimensional cylinder region, where the laser intensity of the material irradiation surface is expressed as a Gaussian distribution. Based on the symmetry of heat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,651 Views
13 Pages

Economic Load Dispatch of a Grid-Tied DC Microgrid Using the Interior Search Algorithm

  • Kamil Khan,
  • Ahmad Kamal,
  • Abdul Basit,
  • Tanvir Ahmad and ,
  • Haider Ali and
  • Anwar Ali
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

16 February 2019

This paper presents the effectiveness of the interior search algorithm in economic power scheduling of a grid-tied DC microgrid with renewable generation (wind and photovoltaic) and battery energy storage. The study presents the modelling and simulat...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control in Microgrid Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,450 Views
22 Pages

8 June 2021

OPTCON is an algorithm for the optimal control of nonlinear stochastic systems which is particularly applicable to economic models. It delivers approximate numerical solutions to optimum control (dynamic optimization) problems with a quadratic object...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stochastic Algorithms and Their Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
3,955 Views
26 Pages

25 December 2020

This study is concerned with the application of two major kinds of optimisation algorithms on the hydraulic power take-off (HPTO) model for the wave energy converters (WECs). In general, the HPTO unit’s performance depends on the configuration...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Energy Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
10,717 Views
17 Pages

2 February 2021

Over the last years, mobile robot platforms are having a key role in education worldwide. Among others, LEGO Robots and MATLAB/Simulink are being used mainly in universities to improve the teaching experience. Most LEGO systems used in the literature...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechatronics and Robotics in Future Engineering Education)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
2,144 Views
32 Pages

1 January 2025

As a representative of multi-functional engineering machinery, the excavator is irreplaceable in the field of engineering construction. To autonomously control the excavator bucket, it is essential to control the position of the bucket hydraulic cyli...

(This article belongs to the Section Control Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,103 Views
15 Pages

22 February 2022

Power Transfer Efficiency (PTE) and Transferred Power (TP) are two crucial indicators of the wireless power transfer (WPT) system. However, in most compensatory topologies, the ideal coils design parameters of PTE and TP are inconsistent, implying th...

(This article belongs to the Section Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,473 Views
21 Pages

21 December 2018

In this study, a control strategy is aimed to ensure the settling time of a 2nd order system’s output value while its input reference value is changed. Here, Feed Forward Artificial Neural Network (FFANN) nonlinear structure has been chosen as...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optimization for Control, Observation and Safety)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
6,272 Views
15 Pages

The Measurement of Contact Angle, pH, and Conductivity of Artificial Saliva and Mouthwashes on Enamel, Glass-Ionomer, and Composite Dental Materials

  • Saima Qureshi,
  • Lazar Milić,
  • Bojan Petrović,
  • Marija Vejin and ,
  • Sanja Kojić,
  • Stefan Jarić and
  • Goran Stojanović
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

28 June 2022

The aim of this study was to tackle the topic of appropriate recommendations for artificial-saliva and mouthwash usage. The contact angle, pH, and conductivity of two artificial saliva solutions, four mouthwashes, and their mixtures on enamel, glass-...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Restorative and Dental Materials: Biological, Physical, and Chemical Properties)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
6,905 Views
24 Pages

12 December 2016

An integrated fault-diagnosis algorithm for a motor sensor of in-wheel independent drive electric vehicles is presented. This paper proposes a method that integrates the high- and low-level fault diagnoses to improve the robustness and performance of...

(This article belongs to the Section Physical Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
2,973 Views
18 Pages

24 October 2020

Our work here is to propose a novel technique by which chaos complete and phase synchronizations can be accomplished via a low-cost scheme. We call the proposed technique a “single-state feedback track synchronization control algorithm”....

(This article belongs to the Section B: Mathematics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
5,737 Views
19 Pages

30 August 2018

In this article, a new method was developed to measure the velocity of a fluid using a sensor, based on the use of a spherical parallel mechanism with three degrees-of-freedom (DOF). This sensor transforms the kinetic energy of the fluid into potenti...

(This article belongs to the Section Physical Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,232 Views
19 Pages

Optimal Tradeoff between MPP and Stability of a PV-Based Pumping System

  • Wahid Souhail,
  • Sameer Alsharif,
  • Irfan Ahmed and
  • Hedi Khammari

2 February 2022

This paper presents a novel algorithm to pick PV-based pumping system operating points that simultaneously achieve maximum delivered power and optimized stability. We present an in-depth analysis of operating point dynamics and shape the PV output cu...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Grid and Photovoltaic Powered Pumping Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,562 Views
15 Pages

In this study, the output characteristics of partial modules in a photovoltaic module array when subject to shading were first explored. Then, an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was applied to track the global maximum power point...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photovoltaic Systems for Sustainable Energy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,292 Views
29 Pages

Hestenes–Stiefel-Type Conjugate Direction Algorithm for Interval-Valued Multiobjective Optimization Problems

  • Rupesh Krishna Pandey,
  • Balendu Bhooshan Upadhyay,
  • Subham Poddar and
  • Ioan Stancu-Minasian

23 June 2025

This article investigates a class of interval-valued multiobjective optimization problems (IVMOPs). We define the Hestenes–Stiefel (HS)-type direction for the objective function of IVMOPs and establish that it has a descent property at noncriti...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Objective and Multi-Level Optimization: Algorithms and Applications (2nd Edition))
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,978 Views
16 Pages

A Novel Harris-Hawk-Optimization-Based Maximum-Power-Point-Tracking Control Strategy for a Grid-Connected PV Power-Generation System

  • Xiang Tao,
  • Jianbo Xin,
  • Shuai Zhang,
  • Zaide Xu and ,
  • Zhonghai Ye,
  • Kai Wang,
  • Bo Chen and
  • Ning Zhou
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

22 December 2023

This paper aims to assess the efficacy of the Harris Hawk Optimization (HHO) algorithm within the domain of photovoltaic (PV) power-generation systems. The focus lies in elucidating how the HHO algorithm optimizes maximum-power-point tracking (MPPT)...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress and Challenges in Solar Photovoltaic Materials and Intelligent Control)

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