Light element alloying in iron is required to explain density deficit and seismic wave velocities in Earth’s core. However, the light element composition of the Earth’s core seems hard to constrain as nearly all light element alloying wou...
Regions of partial melt of Fe-S-Si alloys at high pressures may arise during planetary formation or at the boundary of the inner and outer cores of small terrestrial planetary bodies. Melting experiments were performed on Fe-16wt%S-2wt%Si samples in...
Knowledge of the elastic properties and equations of state of iron and iron alloys are of fundamental interest in Earth and planetary sciences as they are the main constituents of telluric planetary cores. Here, we present results of X-ray diffractio...
A critical component of predicting thermal convection and dynamo action in the cores of terrestrial planetary bodies is the adiabatic heat flux at the top of the core. Powders of Fe, FeS, and Fe-9wt%Si were mixed to imitate the core of Asteroid 4 Ves...
I demonstrate the usage of planetary nebulae (PNe) to infer that a pair of jets shaped the ejecta of the core-collapse supernova (CCSN) SN 1987A. The main structure of the SN 1987A inner ejecta, the ‘keyhole’, comprises two low-intensity...
Proto- and young planetary nebulae comprise dense circumstellar envelopes made of molecular gas and dust, some of which hide compact ionized cores that host stellar systems with hot objects, and show high-velocity bipolar outflows launched from insid...
The connection between the heat transfer and characteristic flow velocities of planetary core-style convection remains poorly understood. To address this, we present novel laboratory models of rotating Rayleigh–Bénard convection in which...
Returning extraterrestrial samples to Earth for analysis is crucial for planetary geological research and resource utilization. However, during their return journey, these samples undergo significant environmental changes, such as varying pressure, t...
This review systematically presents all finds of geogenic, impact-induced, and extraterrestrial iron silicide minerals known at the end of 2021. The respective morphological characteristics, composition, proven or reasonably suspected genesis, and po...
We find the analytical form of inertial waves in an incompressible, rotating fluid constrained by concentric inner and outer spherical surfaces with homogeneous boundary conditions on the normal components of velocity and vorticity. These fields are...
The electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity behavior of Fe at core conditions are important for understanding planetary interior thermal evolution as well as characterizing the generation and sustainability of planetary dynamos. We discuss th...
As the foundation and core of various heavy aircraft transmission systems, the reliability level of large-scale aviation planetary mechanism restricts the economic affordability and service safety for the aircraft to a great extent. This paper takes...
In polar aprotic organic solvents, fluorine might be an element of choice for life that uses selected fluorinated building blocks as monomers of choice for self-assembling of its catalytic polymers. Organofluorine compounds are extremely rare in the...
Partitioning experiments and the chemistry of iron meteorites indicate that the light element nitrogen could be sequestered into the metallic core of rocky planets during core–mantle differentiation. The thermal conductivity and the mineralogy...
We present a mathematical model for the propagation of the shock waves that occur during planetary collisions. Such collisions are thought to occur during the formation of terrestrial planets, and they have the potential to erode the planet’s a...
The grand challenges of our time—climate change, biodiversity losses, and global non-communicable disease rates—underscore that humanity and the planet are in crisis. Planetary health provides a unifying concept wherein efforts toward rem...
Accelerating environmental degradation and the continued overshoot of planetary boundaries highlight the urgent need for scientifically grounded sustainability assessments that operate across scales. While the planetary boundaries framework provides...
Ecology is both blessed and burdened by romanticism, with a legacy that is multi-edged for health. The prefix ‘eco-’ can carry a cultural and political (subversive) baggage, associated with motivating environmental activism. Ecology is al...
Due to their high transmission ratio, high load carrying capacity and small size, planetary gears are widely used in the transmission systems of wind turbines. The planetary gearbox is the core of the transmission system of a wind turbine, but becaus...
Diet and human health have a complex set of relationships, so it is crucial to identify the cause-effects paths and their management. Diet is crucial for maintaining health (prevention) and unhealthy diets or diet components can cause disease in the...
The Community Aerosol and Radiation Model for Atmospheres (CARMA) has been updated to apply to atmospheres of the Solar System outside of Earth. CARMA, as its name suggests, is a coupled aerosol microphysics and radiative transfer model and includes...
The compliant rolling-contact element (CORE) bearing is a compliant mechanism similar to a planetary gear that provides customizable rotational torque while maintaining high radial stiffness, enabling it to simultaneously function as a parallel elast...
Recent updates on phase relations of Earth’s core-forming materials, Fe alloys, as a function of pressure (P), temperature (T), and composition (X) are reviewed for the Fe, Fe-Ni, Fe-O, Fe-Si, Fe-S, Fe-C, Fe-H, Fe-Ni-Si, and Fe-Si-O systems. Thermody...
The integration of complex system concepts and sustainability in chemical engineering education is often limited to elective or separate courses rather than their integration into the core curriculum. This pedagogical gap can lead to graduates who la...
The natural simplifying assumptions often put forward in the theoretical investigations of the magnetohydrodynamic turbulence are that the turbulent flow is statistically isotropic, homogeneous and stationary. Of course, the natural turbulence in the...
The vast and growing challenges for human health and all life on Earth require urgent and deep structural changes to the way in which we live. Broken relationships with nature are at the core of both the modern health crisis and the erosion of planet...
Laser additive manufacturing is a promising technique for the preparation of complex-shaped SiC composites. High-quality powders are critical for high-precision laser printing. In this work, core-shell Cf @phenolic resin (PR) composites for selective...
Electric-vehicle gearboxes remain key design elements because they determine how motor speed and torque are converted into wheel speed and tractive effort over a driving cycle. This design-oriented scoping review synthesizes EV gearbox architectures,...
The transport by materially coherent surface-layer eddies was studied in a two-layer quasigeostrophic model driven by eastward mean shear. The coherent eddies were identified by closed contours of the Lagrangian-averaged vorticity deviation obtained...
From the 2000s onwards, unprecedented space missions have brought about a wealth of novel investigations on the different aspects of space geomechanics. Such aspects are related to the exploratory activities such as drilling, sampling, coring, water...
Recent (past ~15 years) advances in our understanding of tropical cyclone (TC) intensity change processes using aircraft data are summarized here. The focus covers a variety of spatiotemporal scales, regions of the TC inner core, and stages of the TC...
The fundamental advances in silicon isotope geochemistry have been systematically demonstrated in this work. Firstly, the continuous modifications in analytical approaches and the silicon isotope variations in major reservoirs and geological processe...
In this article, Bi2O3/Al high-density energetic composites with a core-shell structure were prepared by a two-step ball milling method using a common planetary ball milling instrument, and their morphology, structure, and properties were characteriz...
This work addresses coverage formation control for the Multi-Rover System (MRS) in extraplanetary environments such as Mars or the Moon, where Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals are unavailable and uncertain self-localization significa...
I analyze recent X-ray data from the literature of the type Ia supernova remnant (SNR Ia) Tycho and conclude that Tycho is a SN Ia inside a planetary nebula (SNIP), strengthening such a previous suggestion from 1985. The observations reveal two oppos...
Sensitivity experiments were conducted on Typhoon Mujigae, which occurred in 2015, wherein the Weather Research and Forecasting Advanced Research (WRF-ARW) model was used to select two local and two nonlocal planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameteriz...
After the synthesis of carbon in the core of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, carbon is dredged up to the surface by convection. Many carbon-based molecules are formed in the subsequently developed stellar wind. These include acetylene, which can...
Mars has been a primary focus of planetary science, with significant advancements over the past two decades across disciplines including geological evolution, surface environment, and atmospheric and space science. However, the rapid growth of the re...
To address the prominent fatigue failure risk of planetary gears in power-split hybrid buses and the lack of quantitative damage analysis across various operating modes in existing studies, this paper focuses on the front planetary gear set of a powe...
Natural kamacite samples (Fe92.5Ni7.5) from a fragment of the Gibeon meteorite were studied as a proxy material for terrestrial cores to examine phase transition kinetics under shock compression for a range of different pressures up to 140 GPa. In si...
The Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate 2 (COSMIC-2) collects data covering latitudes primarily between 40 degrees north and south, providing abundant data for tropical cyclone (TC) research. The radio occultation...
This paper presents a novel Earth-System Stratified Grid (ISEA4H-ESSG) model, designed to address the challenges in multi-layer geoscience data management and analysis. In the realm of geosciences, which encompasses the solid earth, atmosphere, hydro...
This study presents the preliminary development of a clustered hybrid propulsion module, and its experimental validation from static motor characterization to dynamic 1-D vertical drop tests to assess the feasibility of a hybrid propulsion system for...
21 February 2020
Extensive research underscores that we interpret the world through metaphors; moreover, common metaphors are a useful means to enhance the pursuit of personal and collective goals. In the context of planetary health—defined as the interdependen...
Data distribution shift across different rotational speeds limits domain generalized fault diagnosis for planetary gearboxes. Existing single-representation domain generalization (DG) methods degrade severely in cross-speed extrapolation, with differ...
Although South Africa has achieved near-universal grid electrification, many connected households experience inadequate, unreliable, and unaffordable energy. This review asks why energy poverty persists despite improved access, a question at the inte...
We report a previously-unexplored natural temperature cycle recorded in ice cores from Antarctica—the Antarctic Centennial Oscillation (ACO)—that has oscillated for at least the last 226 millennia. Here we document the properties of the ACO and provi...
The origin of volatile elements, the timing of their accretion and their distribution during Earth’s differentiation are fundamental aspects of Earth’s early evolution. Here, we present the result of a newly developed accretion and core f...
The function of vehicle powertrains (including hybrid powertrains) is to transmit power from the power source (engine or electric machine) to driving wheels. The planetary gear train (PGT) is a core structure of mechanisms of powertrains. The detecti...
This study investigates the origin and amplification of magnetic fields in planets and galaxies, emphasizing the foundational role of a seed magnetic field (SMF) in enabling dynamo processes. We propose a universal mechanism whereby an SMF arises nat...
of 3