Exploring the Formation and Impact of Type Ia Supernovae

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997). This special issue belongs to the section "Solar and Stellar Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 September 2026 | Viewed by 608

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Edward Arthur Milne Centre for Astrophysics, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, UK
Interests: stellar evolution; stellar nucleosynthesis; supernova progenitors

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Guest Editor
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
Interests: cosmology; Type Ia supernovae; space telescopes

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Guest Editor
School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK
Interests: stellar evolution; stellar nucleosynthesis; binary stars; disc and planet formation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) play a pivotal role in astrophysics. Their standardised light curves enabled the measuring the Universe's expansion rate (Gruber Prize, 2009) and acceleration (Nobel Prize, 2011). As primary producers of iron peak and alpha elements, they shape galactic evolution and serve as key laboratories for thermonuclear explosion physics. However, the origins of SNe Ia remain elusive, with ongoing debates surrounding the nature of the donor star, evolutionary pathways, and explosion mechanisms—challenges further underscored by the discovery of peculiar SNe Ia.

Observations across different timescales offer unique insights into SNe Ia. Early time data reveal outer ejecta composition and possible interactions with a companion star, while late time observations probe the explosion’s deepest regions. Elements like manganese trace progenitor properties, and remnants of historical SNe Ia offer clues through their evolving structures. The study of SNe Ia is diverse, combining numerical modelling, astronomical observations, lab experiments, and nuclear reaction analysis to unravel their mysteries.

This Special Issue aims to bring together contributions for a discussion on the observational and theoretical aspects of Type Ia supernovae. We invite contributions covering a wide range of topics, including stellar structure modelling, nucleosynthesis calculations, spectroscopic observations, radiative transfer simulations, galactic chemical evolution, and experimental nuclear astrophysics.

This Special Issue aims to present the state of the art in these research fields and explore future directions. We welcome submissions on all relevant topics, including, but not limited to, those mentioned above.

Dr. Umberto Battino
Dr. Benjamin Rose
Dr. Robert Izzard
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • light curves
  • supernovae
  • nucleosynthesis
  • nuclear reactions
  • galactic chemical evolution
  • supernova remnants
  • cosmic expansion

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 670 KB  
Article
Tycho Supernova Exploded Inside a Planetary Nebula (SNIP)
by Noam Soker
Universe 2025, 11(11), 377; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe11110377 - 13 Nov 2025
Viewed by 175
Abstract
I analyze recent X-ray data from the literature of the type Ia supernova remnant (SNR Ia) Tycho and conclude that Tycho is a SN Ia inside a planetary nebula (SNIP), strengthening such a previous suggestion from 1985. The observations reveal two opposite protrusions, [...] Read more.
I analyze recent X-ray data from the literature of the type Ia supernova remnant (SNR Ia) Tycho and conclude that Tycho is a SN Ia inside a planetary nebula (SNIP), strengthening such a previous suggestion from 1985. The observations reveal two opposite protrusions, termed ears, projected on the main shell of Tycho. The pair of ear structures qualitatively resembles that of the SNRs Ia Kepler, SNR G299-2.9, and SNR G1.9+0.3, which earlier studies considered as SNIPs. The requirement that the explosion occurs within hundreds of thousands of years after the formation of the planetary nebula (by the second star to evolve) makes the core-degenerate scenario the most likely for Tycho, with the double-degenerate with merger to explosion delay time scenario somewhat less likely. Several other possible scenarios lead to a SNIP, but they are unlikely for Tycho. The identification of Tycho as a SNIP leads to two general conclusions. (1) The fraction of SNIPs among normal SNe Ia is very large, ≈70–90%. Thus, the vast majority of normal SNe Ia are SNIPs. (2) To accommodate the large fraction of SNIPs, the delay time distribution of normal SNe Ia includes not only the stellar evolution timescale (as usually assumed), but also includes pockets of younger stellar populations in galaxies without ongoing star formation; the SNIPs come from the younger stellar populations in galaxies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exploring the Formation and Impact of Type Ia Supernovae)
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