Aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) is widely recognized for its excellent fire-extinguishing capabilities, yet the specific roles of its components remain insufficiently understood. AFFF typically consists of fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon surfactants, a...
Accurate extraction of polarization resistance is crucial in the application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. It is generally assumed that the steady-state resistance obtained from the polarization curve model is equivalent to the AC impedance...
Protection of marine environment and reduction of GHG emissions are currently imperative criterion for ship design. For ships in service, including fishing vessels powered by internal combustion engines, options of retrofitting are sought to reduce t...
The concepts of resilience and resistance (R&R) have been used to improve wildland fuel treatment outcomes by identifying parts of the landscape that are more likely to respond well to treatment. This study examined how the economic benefits and...
The dual-winding motor drive has recently been proposed in the field of fuel cell vehicles due to its performance and high robust advantages. Efforts for this new topology have been made by many researchers. However, the high-frequency resistance mea...
Semi-flexible pavement (SFP) is a durable and cost-effective alternative to conventional rigid and flexible pavement and is formed by permeating an open-graded asphalt (OGA) layer with high-fluidity cement grout. The degradation of SFP mattresses due...
The significant potential loss of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) at high current densities is primarily attributed to the high mass transfer resistance of the gas diffusion layer (GDL). The underlying mechanism of how structural paramet...
Resistance upset welding is successfully applied to Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) steel fuel cladding. Due to the strong correlation between the mechanical properties and the microstructure of the ODS steel, this study focuses on the consequenc...
Anaerobic biodegradation of petroleum-contaminated sediments can be accomplished by a sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC), but the recovered energy is very low (~4 mW m−2). This is due to a high internal resistance (Ri) that develops in the SMF...
The output power of a fuel cell mainly depends on the operating conditions such as cell temperature and membrane water content. The fuel cell (FC) power versus FC current graph has a unique maximum power point (MPP). The location of the MPP is variab...
Bipolar Plates (BPPs) are the most crucial component of the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cell system. To improve fuel cell stack performance and lifetime, corrosion resistance and Interfacial Contact Resistance (ICR) enhancement are two es...
The ablation resistance of silicone-based thermal protection materials in high-temperature, oxygen-rich environments remains insufficiently understood, yet it is critical for the design of thermal management systems in Solid Fuel Ramjets (SFRJs). To...
An approach coupling experimental tests and numerical simulation of the pressure resistance welding (PRW) process is proposed for optimizing fuel cladding welds for the new generation of nuclear reactors. Several experimental welds were prepared by v...
In the course of asphalt pavement usage, exposure to fuel infiltration accelerates particle detachment, leading to the occurrence of problems such as looseness and peeling. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the impact of a fuel-re...
A cost-effective Fe-Cr-Mo-B-Si-C metamorphic alloy (HXA5) was newly designed and fabricated as coating material using the high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) thermal spray process, and its microstructure and dry wear resistance were investigated in comp...
The resistance of 16 Rhodococcus strains to diesel fuel was studied. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of diesel fuel against Rhodococcus were 4.0–64.0 vol. % and 0.5–16.0 vol. % after 7 days of incubation in Luria–Bertani broth...
To effectively evaluate the high-temperature characteristics of a fuel-resistant modified asphalt (FRMA), five different types of asphalt were selected, and a fuel-resistant modifier (FRM) was added to the asphalt to prepare five kinds of FRMA, and t...
A miniature nuclear reactor is desirable for deployment as a localized nuclear power station in support of a carbon-free power supply. Coupling aspects of proliferation-resistant fuel with natural burnable absorber loading are evaluated for once-thro...
In this paper, the application of magnetite-nanoparticles and a microbial fuel cell (MFC) was studied on the anaerobic digestion (AD) of sewage sludge. The experimental set-up included six 1 L biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests with different...
A hyper-branched sulfonated polyimide (s-PI) was synthesized successfully and composited with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to achieve ultra-high methanol-permeation resistive for direct methanol fuel cell application. The optimized s-PI-PVDF compos...
Eutrophication is a major threat to freshwater ecosystems, leading to harmful algal blooms, biodiversity loss, and hypoxia. Excessive nutrient loading, primarily from nitrates and phosphates, is driven by fertilizer runoff, sewage discharge, and agri...
This study investigated the effect of external resistance (Rext) on the dynamic evolution of microbial communities in anodic biofilms of single-chamber microbial fuel cells fueled with acetate and inoculated with municipal wastewater. Anodic biofilms...
The electrical property of gas diffusion layers (GDLs) plays a significant role in influencing the overall performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The electrical degradation performance of GDLs has not been reported sufficien...
The aged stack results in resistance growth and power decline. At present, most of the analyses of resistance growth are qualitative or identified by complex mechanism models. For more effective identification, the distribution of relaxation times (D...
Fuel oil leaked onto asphalt pavement will damage the asphalt layer by dissolving the binder, softening the mixture and finally resulting in distress such as raveling and pitting. In the meantime, the skid resistance, high temperature stability and w...
Carbon-enriched concentrates based on shungite ore from rare-metal mining waste were obtained, and their effect on the properties of oil- and fuel-resistant carbon-black-filled rubber used for the production of pressure hoses was investigated. The sh...
In this study, the effects of an external resistance, new electrode material, and non-conventional catholyte on the energy generation and performance of a dual-chamber MFC were evaluated. Ten different resistances (15 Ω–220 kΩ), hyd...
The separation of resistances during their measurement is important because it helps to identify contributors in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell performance. The major methodologies for separating the resistances are electrochemical impe...
This paper investigates the influence of rolling resistance on fuel consumption in Class 8 heavy-duty vehicles, with a focus on a modeling approach through variations in the rolling resistance coefficient (
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) are currently considered the most advanced fuel cell technology. However, the industrial implementation of PEMFCs is strongly hindered by deficient durability, especially that of the carbonaceous materi...
Chemo-resistance hinders treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Although there are many models that can be found in the literature, the root mechanism to explain chemo-resistance is still not fully understood. To gain a better understan...
The carbonation rate of reinforced concrete is influenced by three parameters, namely temperature, relative humidity, and concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the surroundings. As knowledge of the service lifespan of reinforced concrete is crucia...
Osmotic microbial fuel cells (OsMFCs) can integrate forward osmosis into microbial fuel cells (MFCs), which are able to perform organic elimination, bioenergy production, and high-class water abstraction from wastewater. However, it is not well under...
Bipolar plates in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are confronted by the dilemma of low contact resistance and high corrosion resistance; this study aimed to simultaneously satisfy these dimensions in a harsh environment. Using thick mult...
One of the short-term operational measures for fuel savings and reducing CO2 emissions from ships at sea is sailing at reduced speed, i.e., slow steaming, while the gasification of the ship represents an important mid-term technical measure. In this...
Due to routine maintenance of aircraft on the concrete pavement at army airbases, a large part of the pavement surface is often found saturated with different hydrocarbon-based oil, fuel, and fluid. In addition, the pavement concrete is subjected to...
Environmental concerns of greenhouse gases (GHG) effect from fossil commodities and the fast increase in global energy demand have created awareness on the need to replace fossil fuels with other sources of clean energy. PEM fuel cell (PEMFC) is a pr...
Haul-road condition can affect traction demand and diesel-to-LNG substitution in mining trucks. We evaluated a 140-t truck at the Ekibastuz coal mine using 180 registered cycles (88 diesel-only [DOM], 92 dual-fuel [DGB]), 24 road segments, 36 defect...
In this work, Fe64Nb3B17Si6Cr6Ni4 and Fe60Nb3B17Si6Cr6Ni4Mo4 (at. %) coatings were prepared with a high-velocity air fuel spraying method, and the effects of minor Mo addition on the microstructure, glass formation, and corrosion resistance of the co...
This paper studies the effects of compression, deformation, and the contact area in the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). The electrical impedance of fuel cell stacks due to the assembly of the metallic bipolar plates is also considered. According t...
Metal/NiO-Smarium-doped ceria (SDC) nano-composite thin film anodes were deposited on anodic aluminum oxide by co-sputtering to enhance the in-plane current-collecting ability and investigated by varying the composition of metal materials (Pt and Au)...
This work presents a microporous silver cathode membrane reinforced with infiltration of samarium-doped ceria (SDC). The ion-conducting SDC effectively confines the surface of a porous silver membrane to maintain microporous structure and prevents th...
Nuclear energy plays a critical role in global decarbonisation, but its expansion raises concerns about the proliferation risks associated with conventional fuel cycles. This study addresses this challenge by evaluating Am-241 doping as a method to e...
TC18 titanium alloy is an essential material for aircraft landing gear. To reveal the wear and corrosion mechanisms of landing gear in service, a WC-12Co coating on a TC18 substrate was prepared by High-Velocity Air-Fuel (HVAF) spraying based on opti...
CoNiCrAlY powders with similar granulometry and chemical composition, but different starting reactivity toward oxygen, were sprayed onto superalloy substrates by High Velocity Oxygen-Fuel producing coatings of similar thicknesses. After spraying, sam...
A new three-dimensional numerical model of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) with a single straight channel was developed to primarily investigate the important impact of the double-sided microporous layer (MPL) coating on the overall performanc...
Passenger cars account for the largest share of GHG emissions in the road sector. However, given that the number of heavy-duty vehicles registered is lower but accounts for about a quarter of GHG emissions in the road sector, it is necessary to reduc...
A vehicle’s air drag coefficient (Cd) and rolling resistance coefficient (RRC) have a significant impact on its fuel consumption. Consequently, these properties are required as input for the certification of the vehicle’s fuel consumption...
The aim of this review is to summarize the possibilities of replacing graphite bipolar plates in fuel-cells. The review is mostly focused on metallic bipolar plates, which benefit from many properties required for fuel cells, viz. good mechanical pro...
Fire is a combustion reaction where fuel reacts with oxygen in the presence of heat, releasing energy as light, heat, and flames. The main components of fire are fuel, oxygen, and heat. All three components must be present to cause a fire. Fire is a...
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