Accurate segmentation of renal anatomical structures is essential for informed clinical decision-making in nephropathology, supporting precise diagnosis, treatment planning, and longitudinal monitoring of kidney diseases. In this work, we propose an...
With recent advancements in the development of material and manufacturing technology, the leading edge geometry of turbomachine blades has attracted widespread attention. “Sharp” leading edges always have a better aerodynamic performance, though it i...
Accurate detection of small transmission towers in remote sensing images is critical for low-altitude aviation safety and power-grid monitoring, yet it remains challenging due to complex backgrounds, weak target responses, and severe feature submersi...
Accurate pixel-level segmentation of weld defects in radiographic images is essential for automated non-destructive testing (NDT) and quantitative weld-quality assessment. However, this task remains challenging because weld defects often exhibit seve...
3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) enables real-time photorealistic scene reconstruction, yet its segmentation tasks suffer from two critical flaws: poor 3D consistency (e.g., blurred instance boundaries and unstable cross-view semantic association) and in...
Underwater target detection and segmentation in Side-Scan Sonar (SSS) imagery is challenged by low signal-to-noise ratios, geometric distortions, and Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs)’ computational constraints. This paper proposes CKAN-YOLOv...
Gastrointestinal cancers account for roughly a quarter of global cancer incidence, and early detection through endoscopy has proven effective in reducing mortality. Multi-class endoscopic disease detection, however, faces three persistent challenges:...
Road marking lines can be extracted from aerial images using semantic segmentation (SS) models; however, in this work, a conditional generative adversarial network, RoadMark-cGAN, is proposed for direct extraction of these representations with image-...
Pixel-level annotation of bi-temporal high-resolution imagery is costly because annotators must distinguish genuine changes from pseudo-changes caused by illumination, seasonality, shadows, and residual misregistration. From a temporal-symmetry persp...
The trade-off between numerical accuracy and computational cost is always an important factor to consider when pricing options numerically, due to the inherent irregularity and existence of non-linearity in many models. In this work, we first present...
In this research, we propose fourth-order non-uniform Hermitian differencing with a fifth-order adaptive time integration method for pricing system of free boundary exotic power put options consisting of the option value, delta sensitivity, and gamma...
Spontaneous combustion in fire-affected coal seams can degrade coal quality, alter rock mechanical parameters and reduce mining profitability. Traditional pit limit optimization methods ignore coal fire-induced quality degradation, ignore the couplin...
As is known to all, the incapacity to nucleate holes automatically in the design domain is one of the main issues of the classical level set topology optimization method. To solve the issue of hole nucleation, this paper employs the bi-directional ev...
A Ni-Cr-Mo-based C276 superalloy was cold rolled to 5–40% and annealed at 1050 °C for 30 min. The microstructure and grain boundary character distribution after cold rolling and annealing were characterized. Grain refinement and a certain a...
Previous studies on maglev vehicle–bridge coupled systems have mostly described the bridge using classical boundary conditions, while the effects of general constrained boundaries and uncertain parameters have not been fully considered. In this...
Based on a solid orthotropic material with penalization (SOMP) and a double smoothing and projection (DSP) approach, this work proposes a methodology to find an optimal structure design which takes the hybrid deposition path (HDP) pattern and the ani...
This work presents the novel first-order comprehensive adjoint sensitivity analysis methodology for critical points (1st-CASAM-CP), which enables the exact and efficient computation of the first-order sensitivities of responses defined at critical po...
Four-dimensional (4D) flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance assesses advanced haemodynamic parameters like kinetic energy (KE), vorticity, and viscous energy loss (vEL). However, gradient-based metrics (vorticity, vEL) are highly sensitive to partia...
Parameter sensitivity analysis is usually required to select the key parameters with high sensitivity to the optimal goal before the optimization is carried out, especially for flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machines where lot of design param...
In this work, we aim to design the digital twin of a plasmonic sensor based on hexagonally arranged ellipsoidal gold nanoparticles fixed to a glass substrate. Based on electron microscopy images of three experimentally realized nanoparticle arrangeme...
In order to improve production rate, multi-stage fractured horizontal wells are often used to develop tight reservoirs. The fracture spacing has an impact on production. How to determine the optimal fracture spacing (shot spacing) is very important....
In this study, an overview of microstructure features such as grain size, grain structure, texture and its impact on strain rate sensitivity, strain hardening index, activation energy and thermal stability for achieving superplasticity of Mg alloys a...
We present a topology-optimization methodology for designing single-sided, tri-state electrode patterns (+V, 0, electrode-free) that maximize shear-mode purity in lithium niobate (LiNbO3) wafers. The framework combines a complex-Hermitian adjoint sen...
Under hilly road conditions, it is difficult to achieve near-optimal performance of energy management strategy (EMS) of fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle (FCHEV). In order to achieve near-optimality, optimal state reference trajectory is predicted...
In nonlinear acoustic measurements involving reflection from the stress-free boundary, the pulse-echo method could not be used because such a boundary is known to destructively change the second harmonic generation (SHG) process. The use of a focusin...
As a highly nonlinear system, the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is controlled by various parameters. If the effects of all parameters are considered during the performance optimization, low working efficiency and waste of...
We introduce an RF-photonics receiver concept enabling the next generation of ultra-compact millimeter wave radars suitable for cloud and precipitation profiling, planetary boundary layer observations, altimetry and surface scattering measurements. T...
Fixed-grid topology optimization is widely used for auxetic metamaterial design, but its discretization-dependent boundaries may require substantial refinement or post-processing, potentially altering slender ligaments and the resulting deformation m...
Enterprise bankruptcy prediction is a critical research issue in financial risk early warning, credit evaluation, and investment decision-making. To address the limitations of traditional methods in handling high-dimensional, nonlinear, and complex f...
Orientation rotation in grain-boundary regions plays a critical role in controlling the crystallographic texture of metallic materials. In this study, the ideal λ texture ({001}<uv0>) in non-oriented silicon steel is chosen as the target...
Laser cladding provides advanced surface treatment capabilities for enhancing the properties of components. However, its effectiveness is often challenged by the formation of hot cracks during the cladding process. This study focuses on the formation...
The bulk and surface refractive index sensitivities of LSPR biosensors, consisting of coupled plasmonic nanosphere and nano-ellipsoid dimers, were investigated by simulations using the boundary element method (BEM). The enhancement factor, defined as...
The high-rate recycling of scrap steel introduces persistent residual copper (Cu), which accumulates at prior austenite grain boundaries at the surface, during high-temperature reheating, leading to Cu-induced sensitization and deleterious “hot...
Intelligent wireless networks that comprise self-organizing autonomous vehicles equipped with punctual sensors and radio modules support many hostile and harsh environment monitoring systems. This work’s contribution shows the benefits of applying su...
In Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM), adaptive segmentation of electricity consumption time series is critical for appliance recognition. However, prevailing methods face challenges including heuristic parameter tuning, boundary sensitivity, and m...
Explicit expressions are obtained for sensitivity coefficients to separately estimate temperature-dependent thermophysical properties, such as specific heat and thermal conductivity, in two-dimensional inverse transient heat conduction problems for b...
In the work presented in this paper, CFD-based simulations of the regeneration process of a catalytic diesel particulate filter were performed with the aim of identifying optimal operating conditions in terms of trade-off between time for regeneratio...
Laser cladding is promising for use in repairing carburized gear steels, but parameter selection is challenging when clad geometry, substrate thermal disturbance, and morphological quality must be considered. Fifteen tracks of NHT.22.A01 iron-based p...
Precise tumor segmentation in multimodal MRI is crucial for glioma diagnosis and treatment planning; yet, deep learning models still struggle with irregular boundaries and severe class imbalance under computational constraints. An Enhanced 3D DenseNe...
The development of MEMS acoustic resonators meets the increasing demand for in situ detection with a higher performance and smaller size. In this paper, a lithium niobate film-based S1 mode Lamb wave resonator (HF-LWR) for high-sensitivity gravimetri...
Superpixel segmentation has become a crucial tool in many image processing and computer vision applications. In this paper, a novel content-sensitive superpixel generation algorithm with boundary adjustment is proposed. First, the image local entropy...
This article addresses the problem of reconstructing the density distribution of a gravitational anomaly from measurements of the vertical component of the gravitational field gradient. The study is motivated by the growing demand for reliable mathem...
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target discrimination is an important stage that distinguishes targets from clutters in the radar automatic target recognition field. However, in complex SAR scenes, the performance of some traditional discriminators wi...
The increasing uncertainties and model computational complexity of large-scale power system state estimation have led to the emergence of a class of multi-source metrology devices to provide vector data for the grid to improve the observability. Cons...
This paper presents a new optimization method to design a rotor structure for a permanent magnet motor that can reduce vibration. The optimization problem is formulated with a multi-objective function to minimize the fluctuation of the radial magneti...
Measuring sedentary behaviour and physical activity with wearable sensors provides detailed information on activity patterns and can serve health interventions. At the basis of activity analysis stands the ability to distinguish sedentary from active...
This paper is concerned with the numerical optimization of the thickness-wise CNT (carbon nanotube) distribution in functionally graded CNT-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) beams to secure the structural safety. The FG-CNTRC in which CNTs are inserted...
Icing detection is the premise and basis for the operation of aircraft icing protection system, and is the primary issue in flight safety assurance. At present, there is a lack of research methods and design reference for the layout optimization of i...
This study simulated the wind energy density distribution in the Jiaodong Peninsula region using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. The impacts of different boundary-layer and near-surface parameterization schemes on the simulated wind...
The accurate segmentation of gastric cancer cells is important in pathology for diagnosing and detecting diseases early. However, current approaches still suffer from limitations such as expensive annotation, fuzzy lesion boundaries, and weak feature...
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