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Advanced Steel Materials: Recrystallization, Phase Transformation and Microstructure Analysis (Second Edition)

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2026 | Viewed by 1255

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, Aichi, Japan
Interests: recovery and recrystallization; phase transformation; iron and steel; high-dimensional analysis of microstructure
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Steel materials are widely used in various applications due to their low cost and capacity for mass production. A key aspect of material design for steel materials is the control of recrystallization and phase transformation in the manufacturing process. Moreover, the interaction between recrystallization and phase transformation plays an important role in controlling the microstructure.

The recrystallization and phase transformation of steel materials have been studied extensively, and in recent years, approaches such as modeling, simulation, high-dimensional analysis, and machine learning have attracted significant attention. These approaches have led to novel and important findings. Thus, research on the recrystallization and phase transformation of steel materials will continue to develop in the future.

This Special Issue, entitled “Advanced Steel Materials: Recrystallization, Phase Transformation and Microstructure Analysis (Second Edition)”, will focus on the recrystallization and phase transformation of steel materials. I would like to invite you to submit original research articles, reviews and communications to this Special Issue.

Dr. Toshio Ogawa
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • recovery
  • recrystallization
  • phase transformation
  • precipitation
  • microstructure
  • texture
  • steel
  • iron
  • modeling and simulation
  • high-dimensional analysis
  • materials informatics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 8403 KB  
Article
Effects of Two-Way Cold Rolling and Subsequent Annealing on the Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Low-Carbon Steel with Different Initial Microstructures
by Toshio Ogawa, Hidetomo Hayashi and Hiroyuki Dannoshita
Materials 2026, 19(3), 466; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19030466 - 24 Jan 2026
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Abstract
We investigated the effects of two-way cold rolling and subsequent annealing on the microstructure and tensile properties of low-carbon steel with different initial microstructures. Two types of hot-rolled sheet specimens were prepared: specimen P, consisting of ferrite and pearlite, and specimen M, consisting [...] Read more.
We investigated the effects of two-way cold rolling and subsequent annealing on the microstructure and tensile properties of low-carbon steel with different initial microstructures. Two types of hot-rolled sheet specimens were prepared: specimen P, consisting of ferrite and pearlite, and specimen M, consisting of martensite. The hot-rolled sheets were cold-rolled in two directions and subsequently annealed. Two-way cold rolling promoted shear-band formation compared with one-way cold rolling. Furthermore, the two-way cold-rolled specimens showed higher strain homogeneity than the one-way cold-rolled specimens. When annealed below the Ac1 temperature, two-way cold rolling accelerated recrystallization in specimen P, but not in specimen M. In the intercritically annealed specimen P, two-way cold rolling increased the average size of recrystallized ferrite grains while reducing their aspect ratio. In addition, the strength–ductility balance of the two-way cold-rolled specimen P was similar to that of the one-way cold-rolled specimen P. In contrast, in the intercritically annealed specimen M, two-way cold rolling reduced the average size and the aspect ratio of recrystallized ferrite grains. As a result, the strength–ductility balance of the two-way cold-rolled specimen M was improved by approximately 15% compared with that of the one-way cold-rolled specimen. This improvement was attributed to the formation of fine and equiaxed recrystallized ferrite grains. The present findings provide a basis for applying two-way cold rolling as a microstructure-control strategy in high-strength steels. Full article
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Review

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46 pages, 5499 KB  
Review
Duplex-Phase Fe-Mn-Al-C Low-Density Steels: A Review on Their Alloy Design, Processing, Mechanical and Application Performances
by Peng Chen, Yan Lin, Liu-Jiang Yue, Rong Chen, Yi Wang, Ting-Jun Zhang and Xiao-Wu Li
Materials 2026, 19(5), 953; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19050953 - 1 Mar 2026
Viewed by 366
Abstract
Duplex-phase low-density steels are attracting interest for lightweight structural applications, as reducing vehicle mass is an effective route to lower fuel consumption and emissions. This review summarizes recent progress in alloy design, processing, microstructure control, and performance of duplex-phase low-density steels. The roles [...] Read more.
Duplex-phase low-density steels are attracting interest for lightweight structural applications, as reducing vehicle mass is an effective route to lower fuel consumption and emissions. This review summarizes recent progress in alloy design, processing, microstructure control, and performance of duplex-phase low-density steels. The roles of major alloying elements are discussed in terms of phase stability and precipitation tendency, followed by an overview of typical processing routes from melting to hot and cold rolling and subsequent heat treatments used to tailor phase fractions and defect structures. Strengthening mechanisms are reviewed with emphasis on precipitation control, including the beneficial contribution of fine intragranular κ′ precipitates and the ductility penalty associated with coarse intergranular κ* films, as well as the use of B2-based particles for high specific strength. Deformation behavior is then discussed in terms of transformation-/twinning-induced plasticity (TRIP/TWIP), planar versus wavy slip, and strain partitioning between ferrite and austenite. Finally, key challenges are outlined, including quantitative interface-based mechanism description, gaps in service property data, stable industrial production and compositional uniformity, and the development of forming and welding windows for engineering implementation. Full article
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