Microstructure Features and Superplasticity of Extruded, Rolled and SPD-Processed Magnesium Alloys: A Short Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Grain Size and m-Value
- The grain size ≥10 µm is not recommended for excellent superplasticity;
- With the increase in grain size, m-value was decreased, whilst with the decrease in the grain m-value was increased;
- At low temperature and high strain rate, the m-value was decreased and restricted superplasticity.
3. Elongation to Fracture and Deformation Mechanism
- The highest elongation to fracture of >1000% is reported in extruded WE43 Mg alloy, while the record elongation was 3050 in ECAPed ZK60 Mg alloy. Superplasticity can be achieved at a low temperature of 150 °C in HPT-processed Mg alloys, and under a high strain rate of 0.1 s−1 in ECAPed Mg alloys;
- The GBS phenomenon assisted by grain boundary diffusion is the dominant deformation at higher elongation to fracture, with an m-value close to 0.5; however, both GBS and solute drag creep mechanism, or viscous glide dislocation followed by GBS, are the dominant deformation mechanisms in low elongation to fracture, with an m-value of 0.3–0.4;
- High strain rate and low-temperature superplasticity are also reported but the elongation to fracture sufficiently reduced due to a low m-value and the governing deformation mechanism, resulting in a solute drag creep mechanism and viscous glide dislocation.
4. Thermal Stability and Q-Value
- Thermal stability and structure stability due to precipitates and grain size support the uniform elongation without pre-mature failure;
- Different precipitates have different melting temperatures; thus, it is better to process the material at a temperature below the melting temperature of precipitates;
- Thermal stability and structure stability promote the GBS mechanism;
- Q-value is also an essential parameter. The higher the Q-value, the higher the deformation and the lower the m-value, thus resulting in lower elongation to fracture.
5. Texture Evolution
- During high temperature and high strain rate loading, dynamic recrystallization weakens the texture;
- Texture effect is strain rate, temperature and exposure-time dependent;
- During high-temperature loading, in the early stages of deformation, the <c + a> slip activity alters the texture, which promotes the GBS phenomenon.
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
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Malik, A.; Masood Chaudry, U.; Hamad, K.; Jun, T.-S. Microstructure Features and Superplasticity of Extruded, Rolled and SPD-Processed Magnesium Alloys: A Short Review. Metals 2021, 11, 1766. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111766
Malik A, Masood Chaudry U, Hamad K, Jun T-S. Microstructure Features and Superplasticity of Extruded, Rolled and SPD-Processed Magnesium Alloys: A Short Review. Metals. 2021; 11(11):1766. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111766
Chicago/Turabian StyleMalik, Abdul, Umer Masood Chaudry, Kotiba Hamad, and Tea-Sung Jun. 2021. "Microstructure Features and Superplasticity of Extruded, Rolled and SPD-Processed Magnesium Alloys: A Short Review" Metals 11, no. 11: 1766. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111766