The effect of partial shading in photovoltaic (PV) panels is one of the biggest problems regarding power losses in PV systems. When the irradiance pattern throughout a PV panel is inequal, some cells with the possibility of higher power production wi...
Energy demand forecasted for the next several years has been bench marked due to the massive need for electrical energy. Solar power plants have earned a great marketplace position in recent years, but also face challenges in terms of power dissipati...
Building-integrated photovoltaic systems are essential components of smart buildings and sustainable urban infrastructure, contributing to energy efficiency and carbon footprint reduction in smart cities. Mismatch loss, particularly under partial sha...
The study investigates the efficacy of various Urban Heat Island (UHI) mitigation measures within the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO-listed historical center of Florence. Increasingly frequent and severe heatw...
Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy has shown significant expansion on the installed capacity over the last years. Most of its power systems are installed on rooftops, integrated into buildings. Considering the fast development of PV plants, it has becomi...
As urban overheating is increasing, there is a strong public interest towards mitigation strategies to enhance comfortable urban spaces, for their role in supporting urban metabolism and social life. The study presents an assessment of the existing t...
Partial shading and other non-ideal conditions cause electrical mismatches that reduce the output power generated by a photovoltaic (PV) system. It affects the overall performance and efficiency of PV systems. Therefore, a model is developed in MATLA...
In this paper, the authors propose to use batteries to improve the performance of grid-connected photovoltaic plants when their photovoltaic fields are subject to partial shading phenomena. Particular attention is devoted to predictable and repetitiv...
Solar Photovoltaic (PV) systems have become prominent and have attained the attention of energy engineers, governments and researchers. To achieve the maximum benefit from the PV system in spite of its nonlinear characteristic and environmental condi...
Global reliance on depleting energy resources is driving the urgent need for alternative solutions to address escalating energy demands. Solar energy, a prominent renewable resource, leverages various configurations and techniques to maximize power o...
Creating a comfortable indoor environment in education buildings is an important design objective. Climate change has resulted in rising summer indoor temperatures in the severe cold regions of China, and evidence of summer overheating risk in these...
Frost damage to reproductive tissues is a major constraint to stable yield in ‘Hass’ avocado (Persea americana Mill.) orchards, yet practical protected-cultivation strategies for mature trees remain limited. While shading nets are widely...
In the context of escalating global warming and the urban heat island effects, recurrent extreme heat events will increase the exposure risk of cyclists, which will have a detrimental effect on both health and the sustainability of active mobility. N...
The intensifying urban heat island (UHI) effect presents a growing challenge for urban environments, yet there is a lack of comprehensive strategies that account for how multiple factors influence tree-cooling effectiveness throughout the year. While...
This research addresses the critical issue of urban heat islands (UHI), in which urban areas experience significantly higher temperatures than their surroundings, adversely affecting human comfort and well-being. Focusing on Inglewood, a city neighbo...
Bus stops are an essential component of public transportation systems, significantly impacting human health, wellbeing, and overall user experience. As primary interaction points for passengers, they are integral to the urban landscape and, as such,...
An optical isolator circuit is developed to detect and dynamically relocate the photovoltaic (PV) module under partial shading. The suggested system control structure operates in two modes. Mode 1 governs the system at global maxima (GM) by tracing t...
Edible Grass (EG) is a hybrid vegetable variety valued for its high biomass and protein content, garnering significant interest in recent years for its potential in food, feed, and health product applications. However, in subtropical climates, intens...
The output of a photovoltaic array is reduced considerably when PV panels are shaded even partially. The impact of shading causes an appreciable loss in power delivery, since the PV panels are connected in series and parallel to contribute to the req...
In the convolutional retinex approach to image lightness processing, an image is filtered by a centre/surround operator that is designed to mitigate the effects of shading (illumination gradients), which in turn compresses the dynamic range. Typicall...
Background: Currently, viticulture is exposed to extreme weather fluctuations and global warming, thus the implementation of short-term adaptation strategies to mitigate climate change impacts will be of a wide importance for the sustainability and c...
In the presence of partial shading and other mismatch factors, bypass diodes may not offer complete elimination of excessive power dissipation due to cell reverse biasing, commonly referred to as hot-spotting in photovoltaic (PV) systems. As a result...
Shading in agroforestry systems reduces light availability and increases the risk of lodging, limiting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield. A two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the effects of chlormequat chloride (CCC) on wheat stem mor...
External shading devices are an important design feature in tropical buildings, particularly for climate mitigation. However, the interaction between the depth and elevation of the shading devices and their impact on indoor daylight performance is no...
The tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) is susceptible to waterlogging stress, which under natural conditions often coincides with low radiation. Brassinosteroids (BRs) have emerged as a tool to mitigate waterlogging stress. This research evaluated t...
In urban heat islands with sun-exposed roofs, the cooling potential of unfinished attics is often insufficient. Attics and the adjacent floor often overheat and do not cool sufficiently during tropical nights. Because of heritage-preservation require...
Partial shading has a nonlinear effect on the performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules. Different methods of optimizing energy harvesting under partial shading conditions have been suggested to mitigate this issue. In this paper, a smart PV module ar...
Surface energy budgets are important to the ecohydrology of complex terrain, where land surfaces cycle in and out of shadows creating distinct microclimates. Shading in such environments can help regulate downstream flow over the course of a growing...
Energy conservation renovation of existing buildings is a crucial aspect of sustainable energy development. This study examines the annex of a university sports training building in Guangzhou, highlighting the conflict between maintaining landscape v...
Curved photovoltaic (PV) systems provide greater architectural form adaptability for building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) applications. However, the combined effects of external shading and self-shading result in degradation in power output. In th...
Photovoltaic (PV) arrays are often affected by partial shading (PS), which can significantly reduce their power output. Dynamic reconfiguration is a promising technique for mitigating the negative effects of PS by adjusting the electrical connections...
This paper presents a novel modified Complementary SuDoKu puzzle (MC-SDKP) topology for the static reconfiguration of photovoltaic (PV) arrays. It was developed with the aim of enhancing the power output of a PV array which is exposed to partially sh...
Considering climate change predictions, it is logical to anticipate detrimental effects on the mandarin tree, an essential citrus crop. Therefore, scientists should promptly focus on developing methods to enhance its resistance to climatic stress eff...
Different coloured and intensity commercial shade nets are increasingly proposed as a low-cost tool for mitigating abiotic stress in semi-arid cropping systems, but cultivar-specific responses in grain legumes remain poorly documented. This study was...
The output power of photovoltaic modules is significantly reduced by solar irradiance shading. To address this issue, innovative strategies for mitigating shading effects have been continuously explored. In this study, detailed research on the edge d...
Climate change significantly affects viticulture, with noticeable impacts on yield and quality. The increase in average temperatures, often coupled with decreased precipitation, accelerates the phenological development of grapevines, leading to rapid...
Climate change threatens established agricultural systems and production, driving the need for adaptation and mitigation strategies. Vitiforestry, an alternative cultivation system combining trees and shrubs in the vineyard, promotes environmental su...
Climate change mitigation requires creative solutions to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG). Little research has been performed on GHG emissions from shaded turfgrass systems, resulting in a lack of best management practice (BMP) development. The aim of t...
Many seedlings and a few young trees have recently been observed in Pinus yunnanensis forests, reducing the natural regeneration ability and succession. Shade treatments were applied to potted 1-year-old P. yunnanensis seedlings, and the shade net wa...
Current research applies an energy-based design model to improve performance in existing modern buildings, in Rio de Janeiro, from the 1940’s, improving these buildings’ shading systems. This article proposes a methodology tested through...
Small urban parks are the dominant form of green spaces in most Japanese cities and hold great potential for heat stress mitigation. However, most research has focused on large urban parks, leaving a knowledge gap in how small parks can be designed t...
The rapid expansion of urbanization in recent decades has intensified the urban heat island effect, driven by reduced vegetation cover, widespread use of heat-absorbing materials, and increases in surface and atmospheric temperature that may reach 5&...
Partial shading on photovoltaic (PV) strings consisting of multiple panels connected in series is known to trigger severe issues, such as reduced energy yield and the occurrence of multiple power point maxima. Various kinds of differential power proc...
6 June 2025
Urban microclimates, which include phenomena such as urban heat islands (UHIs) as well as cooler environments created by shaded areas and green spaces, significantly affect social behavior and contribute to varying levels of social isolation in citie...
Dairy cows are suffering from heat stress (HS) worldwide, and this has become a continual challenge in dairy production systems. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the shade of poplar trees on alleviating HS via measuring m...
Trees play a vital role in urban cooling. The present study tested if key canopy characteristics related to tree shade could be used to predict the cooling potential across a range of urban surface materials. During the austral summer of 2018–2...
Thermal pollution of rivers degrades water quality and ecosystem health, and cities can protect rivers by decreasing warmer impervious surface stormwater inflows and increasing cooler subsurface inflows and shading from riparian vegetation. This stud...
In a photovoltaic (PV) system, shading caused by weather and environmental factors can significantly impact electricity production. For over a decade, artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have been applied to enhance energy production efficiency i...
The sustainability of reducing light in apple orchards under well-watered (ww) and water stress (ws) conditions was evaluated for water relations, plant gas exchanges, fruit growth, yield determinants, and fruit quality over three years. A black (B)...
Carnarvon has a hot, semi-arid climate with high temperatures and solar radiation during spring–summer, which damages crops and limits the production season for the local vegetable industry. Protective cultivation is one of the promising approa...
of 8