In vaccine efficacy trials, inaccurate counting of infection cases leads to systematic under-estimation—or “dilution”—of vaccine efficacy. In particular, if a sufficient fraction of observed cases are false positives, apparent...
14 November 2022
Tracking the progress of an infectious disease is critical during a pandemic. However, the incubation period, diagnosis, and treatment most often cause uncertainties in the reporting of both cases and deaths, leading in turn to unreliable death rates...
27 December 2019
Numerous epidemiological studies have shown associations between short-term ambient air pollution exposure and various health problems. The time-stratified case-crossover design is a popular technique for estimating these associations. In the standar...
The objective of this study was to determine the association between mycotoxins and the quality of spermatozoa in Nigeria. We designed a prospective case-control study involving 136 men diagnosed with reduced sperm count and quality in five infertili...
27 May 2016
Waterborne disease outbreaks attributed to various pathogens and drinking water system characteristics have adversely affected public health worldwide throughout recorded history. Data from drinking water disease outbreak (DWDO) reports of widely var...
Accurate evaluation of the Caputo fractional derivative (CFD) of arbitrary non-integer order is essential for modeling memory-dependent phenomena. However, the classical Shifted Gegenbauer Pseudospectral (SGPS) method attains exponential convergence...
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the whole world profoundly. For managing the pandemic, the ability to forecast daily COVID-19 case counts would bring considerable benefit to governments and policymakers. In this paper, we propose to leverage aggre...
Venlafaxine (VEN) is considered to be one of the most effective antidepressants. It belongs to the group of serotonin (5-HT) and noradrenaline (NA) reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). NA and 5-HT have receptors on the surface of platelets and are involved i...
Immortal time bias (ITB) is common in cohort studies and distorts the association estimates between the treated and untreated. We used data from an Italian study on COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness, with a large cohort, long follow-up, and adjustment f...
A variety of counting methods exist to analyze visitor numbers of outdoor settings such as national parks, recreation areas and urban green spaces, with sensor-based approaches being the most frequently applied. In this paper, we describe the applica...
Photon counting computed tomography (PCCT) represents a paradigm shift from conventional CT imaging, propelled by a new generation of X-ray detectors capable of counting individual photons and measuring their energy. The first part of this narrative...
One of the most common deficiencies in the public transport system is long waiting times. Currently, in the Guadalajara Metropolitan Area, Mexico, the frequencies of routes are fixed, making it impossible to satisfy a demand with a dynamic variation....
This study proposes a rigorous optimization framework for the design of traffic counting station locations in large-scale highway networks, with specific application to Thailand’s national highway system. A mixed-integer linear programming (MIL...
Spatiotemporal models for count data are required in a wide range of scientific fields, and they have become particularly crucial today because of their ability to analyze COVID-19-related data. The main objective of this paper is to present a review...
Tools to predict surges in cases and hospitalizations during the COVID-19 pandemic may help guide public health decisions. Low cycle threshold (CT) counts may indicate greater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations in the respiratory tract, and thereby may be use...
Object detection is essential for precision agriculture applications like automated plant counting, but the minimum dataset requirements for effective model deployment remain poorly understood for arable crop seedling detection on orthomosaics. This...
Background and objective: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are new readily available inflammatory markers that have been analyzed in pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders such as preeclampsia. Studies on...
Background/Objectives: We evaluated the monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio (MHR) and complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammatory ratios in myasthenia gravis (MG). Methods: In this cross-sectional case–control study...
Precision medicine is revolutionizing health care, particularly by addressing patient variability due to different biological profiles. As traditional treatments may not always be appropriate for certain patient subsets, the rise of biomarker-stratif...
The growth kinetics for the total viable count (TVC) in sausages with modified hog casings (treated by surfactant solutions and slush salt with lactic acid), natural hog casings and sheep casings as a function of the storage time (up to 50 days) were...
Introduction: Acute pulmonary embolism (aPE) is frequently associated with coronavirus infectious disease-2019 (COVID-19) with an incidence of more than 16%. Among the new promising biomarkers of aPE, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet...
This study investigates the relationship between passenger volumes and the frequency and size of dwell times for commuter trains. We use data collected by automatic passenger count systems in Stockholm and show that dwell times often take longer than...
Background/Objectives: Korea has experienced rapid and heterogeneous shifts in cancer epidemiology since 1999. We aimed to characterize divergent incidence trajectories across the 24 major cancer types, quantify sex-specific burdens, and project case...
Volcanic rocks, as a widely distributed rock type on the earth, are mostly buried deep within basins, and their internal structures possess characteristics by irregularity and self-similarity. In the study of volcanic rocks, accurately identifying th...
Cerebral toxoplasmosis occurs mainly in immunocompromised hosts as a reactivation of latent Toxoplasma gondii infection. In the diagnostic process, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), serum testing, and biopsy are used. We describe a case of a 43-year-...
Background: Despite being one of the most performed bariatric procedures, there is no consensus regarding optimal limb lengths for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), which may impact weight loss and obesity-related comorbidity resolution. We hypothesiz...
Background/Objectives: Catatonia is a severe transdiagnostic neuropsychiatric syndrome for which accessible biological correlates remain insufficiently characterized. This study explored whether complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammatory indices...
This research explores the efficacy of the YOLOR (You Only Learn One Representation) algorithm integrated with the Deep Sort algorithm for real-time vehicle detection, classification, and counting in Morelia, Mexico. The study aims to enhance traffic...
Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) are rare, life-threatening drug hypersensitivity syndromes. Although pharmacovigilance can identify drugs disproportionately reported with SCARs, it does not reveal which local chemistries recur among them....
Background/Objectives: Preoperative differentiation between benign thyroid nodules and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains clinically challenging, particularly after indeterminate cytology. This study evaluated routinely available complete bloo...
Extensive summer grazing is a dairy herd management practice frequently adopted in mountainous areas. Nowadays, this activity is threatened by its high labour demand, but it is fundamental for environmental, touristic and economic implications, as we...
Our study optimized METex14 skipping mutation detection by analyzing 223 Oncomine™ Focus Assay-positive cases using Pan Lung Cancer PCR Panel and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Among the 11 METex14 skipping mutation-positive cases (average rea...
This paper addresses the generalization of counting processes through the age formalism of Lévy Walks. Simple counting processes are introduced and their properties are analyzed: Poisson processes or fractional Poisson processes can be recovered as p...
To describe the geographical heterogeneity of COVID-19 across prefectures in mainland China, we estimated doubling times from daily time series of the cumulative case count between 24 January and 24 February 2020. We analyzed the prefecture-level COV...
We conducted a retrospective review of electronic medical records of all cases of bacterial meningitis in neonates and young infants at our institution from 2004 to 2014. Fifty-six cases were identified. The most common causative organism was group B...
Eosinophilic leukocytosis can be attributed to a number of clinical conditions such as parasitic infection, allergies, and neoplasms. Parasitic infection is the main cause of eosinophilia; however, a marked leukocytosis with hypereosinophilia seconda...
Background and Objectives: In this study, we investigated the changes of platelet count and other platelet indices, such as mean platelet volume (MPV), in cases with severe early intrauterine fetal growth restriction (IUGR). Materials and Methods: We...
In a time series context, the study of the partial autocorrelation function (PACF) is helpful for model identification. Especially in the case of autoregressive (AR) models, it is widely used for order selection. During the last decades, the use of A...
Dengue is a serious infectious disease threat in Vietnam, but its spatiotemporal and socioeconomic risk factors are not currently well understood at the province level across the country and on a multiannual scale. We explore spatial trends, clusters...
Bird monitoring is an important approach to studying the diversity and abundance of birds, especially during migration, as it can provide core data for bird conservation purposes. The previous methods for bird number estimation are largely based on m...
31 December 2021
Regular exposure to a cold factor—cold water swimming or ice swimming and cold air—results in an increased tolerance to cold due to numerous adaptive mechanisms in humans. Due to the lack of scientific reports on the effects of extremely...
This study deals with the forms and expressions of the Christian piety of the Hungarian aristocracy in the early modern period on the example of Anton Erdődy (1714–1769), a representative of one of the most influential and most ancient Hun...
Tuberculosis (TB) treatment monitoring is an essential tool for effective TB treatment management. Identifying parameters that predict adverse TB treatment outcomes could significantly improve clinical management. The association of hematological par...
We propose a single sensor-based activity classification method where the Poincare plot was introduced to analyze the variance of the angle between acceleration vector with gravity calculated from the raw accelerometer data for human activity classif...
Drones equipped with thermal cameras have recently become readily available, broadening the possibilities for monitoring wildlife. The European hare (Lepus europaeus) is a nocturnal mammal that is closely monitored in Denmark due to populations decli...
Akabane virus (AKAV) is a Culicoides-borne arbovirus that causes congenital malformations and reproductive losses in ruminants, resulting in substantial economic losses in livestock production. Because vector activity and virus transmission are stron...
Identifying the causative pathogen of paediatric osteoarticular infections (OAIs) is essential for guiding management. Kingella kingae infections are generally milder than pyogenic infections, which may have more severe and lasting consequences. Beca...
Determining the rate of rotation of molecules from their fluorescence anisotropy decay curves is a powerful method for studying molecular systems in biological applications. The single photon count detection systems used for this have a nonlinear dep...
This study aims to investigate the risk factors for infection and mortality associated with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) in hospitalized children, with the goal of providing valuable insights for the prevention and treatment of t...
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) activate T cells, causing immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Skin manifestations are common among irAEs, but ICI-associated bullous pemphigoid (BP) is rare. Inhibiting programmed death (PD)-1 signaling, in addi...
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