For series cascade processes with a time delay, such as the first-order with time-delay (FOTD) process, the integral with time-delay (ITD) process, second-order integral with time-delay (SOITD) process, and unstable first-order with time-delay (UFOTD...
This article examines the performance of the proposed complex-order, conventional and fractional-order controllers for process automation and control in process plants. The controllers are compared regarding disturbance rejection and set-point tracki...
PI-PD controllers have superior performance compared to traditional PID controllers, especially for controlling unstable and integrating industrial processes with time delays. However, computing the four tuning parameters of this type of controller i...
This study proposes an optimized approach to enhance the performance of the Weighted Geometric Center (WGC) method for stabilizing time-delay systems, which has applications in industrial process control, robotics, and high-order dynamic systems. The...
A fuzzy cascaded PI−PD (FCPIPD) controller is proposed in this paper to optimize load frequency control (LFC) in the linked electrical network. The FCPIPD controller is composed of fuzzy logic, proportional integral, and proportional derivative...
Subversive environmental impacts and limited amounts of conventional forms of energy necessitate the utilization of renewable energies (REs). Unfortunately, REs such as solar and wind energies are intermittent, so they should be stored in other forms...
Frequency, voltage, and power flow between different control zones in an interconnected power system are used to determine the standard quality of power. Therefore, the voltage and frequency control in an IPS is of vital importance to maintaining rea...
The stability control of nominal frequency and terminal voltage in an interconnected power system (IPS) is always a challenging task for researchers. The load variation or any disturbance affects the active and reactive power demands, which badly inf...
Reliable load frequency control (LFC) in interconnected hybrid power systems remains challenging in the presence of nonlinear operating conditions, random demand variations, and parametric uncertainty. This study proposes a PSO-based LFC framework fo...
This paper presents a controller design technique for cascade control systems based on the grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm. In the proposed control scheme, the proportional-integral-proportional-derivative (PI-PD) controller structure is used...
Multi-area power systems (MAPSs) are highly complex non-linear systems facing a fundamental issue in real-world engineering problems called frequency stability problems (FSP). This paper develops an enhanced slime mold optimization algorithm (ESMOA)...
This research aims to apply Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods, specifically Artificial Immune Systems (AIS), to design an optimal control strategy for a multivariable control plant. Two specific industrial control approaches are investigated: I-PD...
In a smart grid (SG) system with load uncertainties and the integration of variable solar and wind energies, an effective frequency control strategy is necessary for generation and load balancing. Cyberattacks are emerging threats, and SG systems are...
In this paper, a cascade control structure is suggested to control servo systems that normally include a servo motor in coupling with two kinds of mechanism elements, a translational or rotational movement. These kinds of systems have high demands fo...
Hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) integrating solar, wind, and storage technologies offer enhanced efficiency and reliability for grid-connected applications. However, existing control methods often struggle with maintaining DC voltage stability...
Active power filters (APFs) are used to mitigate the harmonics generated by nonlinear loads in distribution networks. Therefore, due to the increase of nonlinear loads in power systems, it is necessary to reduce current harmonics. One typical method...
This study presents the design, simulation, and comparative analysis of three advanced control strategies applied to a 3-Degree-of-Freedom (DoF) robot manipulator. The controllers investigated are a variant from the Computed Torque Control family, a...
The demand for uninterruptible electricity supply is increasing, and the power engineering sector has started researching alternative solutions. Distributed generation (DG) dissemination into the electric grid to cope with the accelerating demand for...
During actual vehicle operation, working conditions are highly complex, involving both body roll induced by steering centrifugal force and attitude fluctuations caused by random road irregularities or sudden lateral wind disturbances. By optimizing t...
Two-wheeled self-balancing robots (TWSBRs) are difficult to control because they are nonlinear, unstable, and underactuated, particularly when balance, velocity regulation, and line tracking must be achieved simultaneously. This paper proposes a hybr...
The increasing integration of renewable energy sources (RES) and rising energy demand have created challenges in maintaining stability in interconnected power systems, particularly in terms of frequency, voltage, and tie-line power. While traditional...
Fractional calculus has been used intensely in recent years in control engineering to extend the capabilities of the classical proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller, but most tuning techniques are based on the model of the pro...
This paper presents a new fractional-order proportional-integral, (PI)
Sliding pressure control is a well-known method of controlling supercritical power plants that improves energy efficiency and reduces pressure dynamic stresses. This paper presents a novel approach for developing a supercritical cleaner coal power pl...
This study presents the modeling and control of the unmanned surface vehicle (USV) SABALO. Two models were built, one based on a transfer function matrix and another based on state variables, and from these models, two control strategies were develop...
In this work, we present the construction and control of a four-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) manipulator aimed at addressing one of the key challenges faced by the Academy-Industry Cooperation Center (CCAI): the need for mechatronic equipment to support...
The ball and balancer system is a popular research platform for studying underactuated mechanical systems and developing control algorithms. It is a well-known two-dimensional balancing problem that has been addressed by a variety of controllers. Thi...
Gas turbines are used in the energy sectors as propulsion and power generation technologies. Despite technological advances in power generation and the emergence of numerous energy resources, gas turbine technology remains important due to its flexib...
Ensuring reliable power system control demands innovative architectural solutions. This research introduces a fault-tolerant hybrid parallel compensator architecture for load frequency control (LFC), combining a Proportional–Integral–Deri...
An active stabiliser bar significantly enhances the anti-roll capabilities of vehicles. The control strategy is a crucial factor in enabling the active stabiliser bar to function effectively. This paper investigates an active disturbance rejection co...
Background: There have been several pathologic data that support an association between postural instability (PI) and autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of PI and auto...
Postural instability (PI) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) exposes patients to an increased risk of falls (RF). While dopaminergic therapy and deep brain stimulation (DBS) improve motor performance in advanced PD patients, their effects on PI and RF...
Effects of platycodin D (PD) on the proliferation, apoptosis and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway of human glioma U251 cells were investigated. Glioma U251 cells were treated with PD at final concentrations of 0, 16.3, 40.8, 81.6, 163.2 μM, and inhibition...
The current study aimed to assess the efficacy of ozone therapy in the treatment of stage II and stage III periodontitis. This prospective split-mouth study selected patients who were diagnosed with either stage II or stage III periodontitis. All pat...
Speed ripple attenuation in geared flexible drives requires control of synchronous components and residual fluctuations within an existing embedded control architecture. This paper develops a five-state delay-coordinate predictive damping controller...
This study develops and implements a design of the Fuzzy Proportional Integral Derivative with filtered derivative mode (Fuzzy PIDF) for Load Frequency Control (LFC) of a two-area interconnected power system. To attain the optimal values of the propo...
Background: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is one of the most common diseases in women of reproductive age. Our aim was to examine whether a twice-weekly thirty-minute exercise intervention could result in a difference in the pulsatility index (PI) of the...
A simple proportional integral (PI) controller with scheduled gain has been developed and implemented in a catalytic membrane reactor (CMR) to obtain pure hydrogen from a methanol steam reforming process. The controller is designed to track the setpo...
Background/Objectives: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms such as tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability. In the absence of disease-modifying therapies, exercis...
In order to solve the problem that the parameters of traditional proportional–integral (PI) control are not easy to adjust, an iterative learning control (ILC) technique for a DC/DC power converter is proposed in this paper. Firstly, we have develope...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are two conditions with increasing prevalence and severe systemic complications and consequences. This research examines the combined neuroprotective and nephroprotective properties of thre...
89Zr-iPET has been widely used for preclinical and clinical immunotherapy studies to predict patient stratification or evaluate therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we prepared and evaluated 89Zr-DFO-anti-PD-L1-mAb tracers with varying chelator-to-an...
Brain parenchyma infiltration with glioblastoma (GB) cannot be entirely visualized by conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the energy and membrane metabolism measured with phosphorous MR s...
Aim: To assess clinical and radiographic parameters including bleeding on probing (BoP); probing depth (PD), plaque index (PI) and crestal bone loss (CBL) around short tuberosity implants (STI) supporting fixed partial dentures in patients with Type...
Paeoniflorin (PF), a monomeric compound extracted from the dry roots of Paeonia lactiflora, has been widely used in the treatment of nervous system diseases, marking it as a critical formula in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the action of P...
To examine the association between self-perceived pain (SPP), clinical and radiographic peri-implant parameters, and biomarker levels among smokers and never smokers with and without peri-implantitis. Sixty individuals (20 smokers with peri-implantit...
Background/Objectives: Astrocytic redox-inflammatory signaling has been implicated in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathology and may constrain hippocampal neurogenesis. We previously identified an astrocytic NOX4–MPO–OPN axis associated...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second-most common neurodegenerative disease, and its pathophysiology is associated with alpha-synuclein accumulation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. MicroRNAs are small non-coding...
The expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is controlled by complex mechanisms. The elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of PD-L1 expression is important for the exploration of new insights into PD-1 blockade therapy. Detailed mechanisms...
Objectives: This systematic review evaluated concomitant trends in microbial (total biofilm load and pre-dominant pathogens’ counts) and clinical, radiographic, and crevicular variations following (any) peri-implantitis treatment in partially v...
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