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14 pages, 4219 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparative Analysis of Heavy Metal Content in Impacted Third Molars from Industrial and Non-Industrial Areas and Its Effect on the Isolation, Culture, and Proliferation of Dental Stem Cells (DSCs)

by Benita Wiatrak, Sadri Rayad, Tomasz Gębarowski, Jakub Hadzik, Marzena Styczyńska, Tomasz Gedrange, Maciej Dobrzyński, Ewa Barg and Marzena Dominiak

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(18), 5465; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13185465 - 14 Sep 2024

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Abstract

Background: This study investigates the impact of environmental pollution on the quality and viability of dental stem cells (DSCs) from impacted third molars. By comparing DSCs from patients in industrial areas with high air pollution and those from non-industrial regions, the research [...] Read more.

Background: This study investigates the impact of environmental pollution on the quality and viability of dental stem cells (DSCs) from impacted third molars. By comparing DSCs from patients in industrial areas with high air pollution and those from non-industrial regions, the research assesses the adverse effects of heavy metals on stem cell proliferation. Methods: Impacted lower third molars were collected from 28 patients—10 from industrial and 18 from non-industrial areas. Patients were divided into two age groups: 18–27 years and 28–38 years old. Dental pulp was extracted under sterile conditions, and DSCs were isolated and cultured. Heavy metal concentrations in dental tissues were measured using atomic absorption/emission spectrometry. Results: The study found significantly higher concentrations of copper and lead in the dental tissues of patients in industrial areas. Cell viability was lower in samples from these areas, with a statistically significant difference in average doubling time and the number of cells obtained after the first passage. There was no significant impact of gender on heavy metal content, except for higher iron levels in men. Conclusions: Exposure to industrial pollutants negatively affects the viability and proliferation of DSCs, but there are no differences in differentiation in the osteogenic medium regarding cell mineralization. These studies highlight the importance of environmental factors for oral health, suggesting that residents of polluted areas may face greater difficulties in dental and regenerative treatments. Further research is needed to develop strategies to mitigate the effects and improve clinical outcomes for affected populations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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13 pages, 4251 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Lateral Alveolar Ridge Augmentation with Autogenous Tooth Roots and Staged Implant Placement—5-Year Follow-Up Case Series

by Roko Bjelica, Igor Smojver, Marko Vuletić, Dražena Gerbl, Luka Marković and Dragana Gabrić

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(17), 5118; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175118 - 29 Aug 2024

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Abstract

Background/Objectives: Alveolar bone augmentation before implant placement is a safe and effective treatment option for the reconstruction of a deficient alveolar ridge. According to recent research, permanent teeth have been used as bone graft materials, with studies confirming their clinical and histological results. [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: Alveolar bone augmentation before implant placement is a safe and effective treatment option for the reconstruction of a deficient alveolar ridge. According to recent research, permanent teeth have been used as bone graft materials, with studies confirming their clinical and histological results. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of alveolar ridge augmentation with autogenous tooth roots and staged implant placement, and peri-implant tissue stability in augmented sites. Methods: A total of 20 augmentations with autogenous tooth roots on mandibular alveolar ridges in 15 patients were performed. After 6 months, the ridge width (RWa) and ridge width gain (RWg) were measured. Titanium dental implants were placed in grafted sites and loaded 10 weeks after placement. Clinical parameters (bleeding on probing—BOP; probing depth—PD; mucosal recession—MR; and clinical attachment level—CAL) were assessed 2 months (T1), 3 years (T2), and 5 years (T3) after implant loading. Results: The mean RWa was 6.71 ± 0.74 mm, and the RWg was 3.15 ± 0.54 mm, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed for clinical parameters (BOP, PD, MR, and CAL) among different time points (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Autogenous tooth roots represent a viable solution for alveolar ridge augmentation and implant placement, providing a stable environment for peri implant tissues. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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12 pages, 887 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Long-Term Benefits of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Health-Related Quality of Life in Burning Mouth Syndrome Patients: A Prospective Study

by João Mendes de Abreu, Tiago Nunes, Pedro A. Almiro, José Figueiredo and Ana Corte-Real

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(14), 4272; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144272 - 22 Jul 2024

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Abstract

Background/Objectives: Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) patients experience a reduction in health-related quality of life and an increased intake of medication. Photobiomodulation with low-level laser therapy has been demonstrated to be an efficacious treatment for BMS. However, its long-term benefits remain relatively unknown. [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) patients experience a reduction in health-related quality of life and an increased intake of medication. Photobiomodulation with low-level laser therapy has been demonstrated to be an efficacious treatment for BMS. However, its long-term benefits remain relatively unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of prolonged Photobiomodulation with low-level laser therapy on BMS patients by examining the efficacy of an outpatient protocol in a real-world setting. Methods: A prospective study was designed to address the research question. Photobiomodulation was performed, irradiating the affected areas once every two weeks for 12 months. Health-related quality of life was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire at the initial consultation and after 6 months and 12 months of treatment. Additionally, the patients’ pharmacological profile was also monitored. Nonparametric statistical analysis was performed (p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant). Results: The study was completed by 15 individuals, comprising 14 females and 1 male. The results indicated a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.001) in four of the five dimensions of the health-related quality of life questionnaire, namely self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression, along with the patients’ perceived health level. A total of 13 participants reported suspending or reducing their intake of medications for Burning Mouth Syndrome. Conclusions: Therefore, Photobiomodulation with low-level laser therapy has a positive effect on improving patients’ quality of life and reducing BMS symptoms, contributing to a subsequent reduction or suspension of previous medications. These findings support the efficacy of the applied protocol. Given the innovative methodology and promising results, further research is warranted. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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16 pages, 3175 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Histologic Evaluation of Early Papilla Healing after Augmentation with Injectable Hyaluronic Acid—A Proof of Concept

by Octavia Carolina Vela, Marius Ion Boariu, Vincenzo Iorio-Siciliano, Adrian Vaduva, Alla Belova, Stefan-Ioan Stratul and Darian Rusu

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(14), 4102; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144102 - 13 Jul 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 794

Abstract

Objectives: This human histological study’s purpose was to histologically evaluate papillae’s healing after hyaluronic acid (HA) gel augmentation at three healing time points after one injection with hyaDENT BG^®. Methods: Fifteen papillae from two patients with stage III, grade B periodontitis [...] Read more.

Objectives: This human histological study’s purpose was to histologically evaluate papillae’s healing after hyaluronic acid (HA) gel augmentation at three healing time points after one injection with hyaDENT BG^®. Methods: Fifteen papillae from two patients with stage III, grade B periodontitis have been selected for this study. Every week for three weeks, five papillae were injected once with HA gel, and during the fourth week, the papillae were surgically removed as part of step 3 of the periodontal treatment. The histological analysis was performed on fifteen papillae, with five papillae corresponding to every timepoint of healing (weeks 1, 2, and 3). The primary outcome was considered to be the newly formed collagen fibers. The presence of residual HA, the integrity of epithelium or the presence of erosions/ulcerations, the presence and characteristics of inflammatory infiltrate, the presence of granulomatous reactions, and interstitial edema were considered to be secondary outcomes. Results: From the first to the third week, newly formed connective tissue begins to appear, while the observed HA pools (vesicles) content decreases. The density of inflammatory infiltrate was higher in the first week after injection, decreasing considerably by week 3; however, it was still visible throughout the healing time points. A granulomatous reaction was present in only three samples, while no signs of ulceration or necrosis could be observed; however, epithelial erosions could be observed on some samples after the first week. Conclusions: Papila augmentation with hyaluronic acid promotes new collagen formation from the second week of healing despite some foreign body granulomatous reactions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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14 pages, 4474 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Novel Parameter in Pre-Surgical Orthodontic Preparation: A Retrospective Study on the Role of the Upper Incisor Position and a Morphological Evaluation of the Anterior Nasal Spine

by Ornella Rossi, Giovanna Perrotti, Massimo Del Fabbro and Tiziano Testori

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(8), 2346; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13082346 - 18 Apr 2024

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Abstract

The position and inclination of the incisors play a crucial role in achieving optimal outcomes in orthodontic and orthognathic surgical treatment, given their impact on facial aesthetics. Background/objectives: Due to numerous distorting factors that affect the reliability of the ANB angle, the [...] Read more.

The position and inclination of the incisors play a crucial role in achieving optimal outcomes in orthodontic and orthognathic surgical treatment, given their impact on facial aesthetics. Background/objectives: Due to numerous distorting factors that affect the reliability of the ANB angle, the aim of the present work is to evaluate a more constant parameter over time, the anterior nasal spine (ANS), and explore whether aligning the incisal margin of the upper incisors with the anterior nasal spine could be a reliable indicator for achieving appropriate labial support in pre-surgical orthodontic preparation. Methods: From a pool of 500 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, 50 CBCT examinations displaying a Class 1 skeletal pattern (ANB = 2° ± 2°) with an intermediate (3.2–4 mm) or mixed (4–6 mm) sagittal maxillary position (MX), as determined by the 3D multiplanar total face approach (TFA), were selected and compared with CBCT examinations randomly chosen from the initial pool. Moreover, 12 landmarks were identified, and measurements were automatically obtained, using software, and recorded. Mean and standard deviation values were calculated for each sample. A comparison was made between the two samples, aligning the results with the morphological analysis of the anterior nasal spine and the sagittal position of the upper maxilla. Results: In Class 1 subjects, the distance between the incisal margin and the plane passed in relation to the anterior nasal spine should range between −1 mm and 1 mm, aligned with or slightly ahead of the anterior nasal spine or slightly ahead of this limit. Conclusions: The anterior nasal spine can serve as a reliable reference point for planning the position of the upper incisors, with excessive proclination or retroclination from this reference point deemed unacceptable. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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17 pages, 2106 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Management of Advanced Peri-Implantitis by Guided Bone Regeneration in Combination with Trabecular Metal Fixtures, Two Months after Removal of the Failed Implants: Two-Year Results of a Single-Cohort Clinical Study

by Stefano Bianconi, Georgios Romanos, Tiziano Testori and Massimo Del Fabbro

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(3), 713; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13030713 - 25 Jan 2024

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Abstract

Background: Implant replacement is among the treatment options for severe peri-implantitis. The aim of this single-cohort study was to evaluate the feasibility of replacing compromised implants affected by advanced peri-implantitis with new implants with a porous trabecular metal (TM) structure. Materials and Methods: [...] Read more.

Background: Implant replacement is among the treatment options for severe peri-implantitis. The aim of this single-cohort study was to evaluate the feasibility of replacing compromised implants affected by advanced peri-implantitis with new implants with a porous trabecular metal (TM) structure. Materials and Methods: Patients with one or more implants in the posterior region showing a defect depth >50% of implant length, measured from the residual crest, were consecutively included. Two months after implant removal, patients received a TM implant combined with a xenograft and a resorbable membrane. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was measured at placement and re-assessed five months later (at uncovering), then after 6, 12, and 24 months of function. Marginal bone loss was radiographically evaluated. Results: Twenty consecutive cases were included. One patient dropped out due to COVID-19 infection, and nineteen cases were evaluated up to 24 months. At placement, the mean ISQ was 53.08 ± 13.65 (standard deviation), which increased significantly to 69.74 ± 9.01 after five months of healing (p < 0.001) and to 78.00 ± 7.29 after six months of loading (p < 0.001). Thereafter, the ISQ remained stable for up to 24 months (80.55 ± 4.73). All implants successfully osseointegrated and were restored as planned. After two years, the average marginal bone level change was −0.41 ± 0.38 mm (95% confidence interval −0.60, −0.21), which was limited yet significantly different from the baseline (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The treatment of advanced peri-implant defects using TM implants inserted two months after explantation in combination with guided bone regeneration may achieve successful outcomes up to two years follow-up, even in the presence of low primary stability. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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25 pages, 8225 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Feasibility and Safety of Adopting a New Approach in Delivering a 450 nm Blue Laser with a Flattop Beam Profile in Vital Tooth Whitening. A Clinical Case Series with an 8-Month Follow-Up

by Reem Hanna, Ioana Cristina Miron and Stefano Benedicenti

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(2), 491; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13020491 - 16 Jan 2024

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1770

Abstract

A prospective observational case series included six patients who presented with discoloured upper and lower teeth extending from the right second premolar to the left second premolar. The photoactivation dosimetry and treatment protocol were as follows: λ 450 nm, 1 W, CW; flattop [...] Read more.

A prospective observational case series included six patients who presented with discoloured upper and lower teeth extending from the right second premolar to the left second premolar. The photoactivation dosimetry and treatment protocol were as follows: λ 450 nm, 1 W, CW; flattop beam profile; 1 cm²; 15 J/spot; 10 irradiated spots; an irradiation time of 15 s/spot; three whitening cycles in a single session. Blanc One ULTRA⁺ was the bleaching agent. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was utilised to evaluate the pain intensity and dental hypersensitivity during treatment immediately after complete treatment (T1), 24 h (T2), and 8 h (T3) postoperatively, and at an 8-month follow-up timepoint (T4), whereas the dental colour shade change was assessed using the VITA colour shade guide pre-treatment (T0), T1, and T4. The Gingival index and modified Wong Baker faces scale were utilised to evaluate gingival inflammation and patients’ treatment satisfaction, respectively. Our findings revealed a reduction in the dental colour shade of the six cases between 2 and 10- fold (average of 3.5-fold) at T1 and maintained at T4, indicating significant improvement in the colour shade change with optimal outcomes. The percentage of this improvement for all the patients was ranged between 16.6% and 33.3%. At all timepoints, a “0” score was provided for pain intensity, dental hypersensitivity, and gingival inflammation. Our study demonstrates the feasibility and safety of a λ 450 nm laser delivered with a flattop handpiece to achieve optimal whitening outcomes without adverse effects. This offers a useful guide for dental clinicians for vital in-office tooth whitening. Extensive clinical studies with large data are warranted to validate our study protocol. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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11 pages, 1800 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of Hydrogen Peroxide (H₂O₂) Fumigation on Bacterial Levels in Dental Office Environments: A Randomized Clinical Trial Investigation

by Jacek Matys, Tomasz Gedrange, Marzena Dominiak and Kinga Grzech-Leśniak

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(24), 7551; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12247551 - 7 Dec 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1622

Abstract

Background: Fumigation with hydrogen peroxide has proven to be a highly effective approach to maintaining biological safety within dental offices. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) fumigation in reducing bacterial [...] Read more.

Background: Fumigation with hydrogen peroxide has proven to be a highly effective approach to maintaining biological safety within dental offices. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) fumigation in reducing bacterial levels in dental office environments. Methods: The study involved 30 participants diagnosed with moderate caries decay (ICDAS 3 and 4) in their mandibular molars. Sixty Petri dishes (two per patient) with Columbia Agar and 5% Sheep Blood were opened at the beginning of the caries treatment. After the completion of caries treatment and tooth restoration, 30 plates (G1 group) were closed. Following this, a 20 min fumigation procedure with 6% hydrogen peroxide biosanitizer using a compressed air device was conducted. After the fumigation, the remaining plates were closed (G2 group). The total number of bacteria CFUs (colony-forming units) in the dental office air was determined using the Koch sedimentation method. Results: The total bacterial colony (TBC) level, measured in cfu/m³, demonstrated a significant decrease in the number of bacteria following room environment fumigation (163.1 ± 145.7; G2 group) compared to non-fumigated samples (817.2 ± 208.2; G1 group) (p < 0.001). The predominant bacteria observed in the microbiological plates before fumigation were Micrococcus and Bacillus species, found in 80% (24/30) and 60% (18/30) of the plates, respectively. Application of H2O2 room fumigation resulted in a significant reduction in bacterial numbers: 79.2% (5/30) for Micrococcus species (p < 0.001), 83.3% (3/30) for Bacillus species (p < 0.001), and 100% (0/30) for Staphylococcus arlettae (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Fumigation with 6% H₂O₂ is an effective method for reducing bacterial counts in a dental office environment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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12 pages, 581 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Ozone Therapy as an Adjuvant in the Treatment of Periodontitis

by Abdulaziz Alsakr, Khalid Gufran, Abdullah Saad Alqahtani, Mohammed Alasqah, Banna Alnufaiy, Hanadi Ghurmallah Alzahrani, Ali Ayidh Alahmari, Faisal Khaled Alhumaidani, Rakan Khaled Alhumaidani and Mishari Jameel Althobiti

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(22), 7078; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12227078 - 14 Nov 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1428

Abstract

The current study aimed to assess the efficacy of ozone therapy in the treatment of stage II and stage III periodontitis. This prospective split-mouth study selected patients who were diagnosed with either stage II or stage III periodontitis. All patients were treated with [...] Read more.

The current study aimed to assess the efficacy of ozone therapy in the treatment of stage II and stage III periodontitis. This prospective split-mouth study selected patients who were diagnosed with either stage II or stage III periodontitis. All patients were treated with scaling and root-planing (SRP) on the control side and SRP with ozone therapy on the test side. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), O’Leary plaque index (PI), and bleeding on probing (BOP) scores were recorded at baseline and six weeks after the SRP treatment. A total of 46 patients were selected for this study, including 31 males and 15 females. All periodontal variables (PD, CAL, PI, and BOP) showed significant changes (p < 0.0001) from baseline to six weeks. Moreover, significant changes (PD = 0.0001, CAL = 0.0001, PI = 0.042 and BOP = 0.0001) were also observed between the control and test sides. Gender showed no significance on periodontal variables (p > 0.05) except PD on the test side (p = 0.030). In addition, periodontal stages and grades showed no significant changes (p > 0.05) in any periodontal variables on both sides. Ozone therapy significantly improves the periodontal condition compared to SRP treatment alone. However, the stages and grades of periodontitis do not influence the outcome of ozone therapy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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16 pages, 926 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparison of Diagnostic Validity of Cephalometric Analyses of the ANB Angle and Tau Angle for Assessment of the Sagittal Relationship of Jaw and Mandible

by Jacek Kotuła, Anna Kuc, Ewa Szeląg, Alicja Babczyńska, Joanna Lis, Jacek Matys, Beata Kawala and Michał Sarul

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(19), 6333; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12196333 - 2 Oct 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1300

Abstract

Background: Cephalometric analysis is an essential tool used in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and repeatability of new cephalometric points introduced in Tau angle analysis, in contrast to the gold standard, which is [...] Read more.

Background: Cephalometric analysis is an essential tool used in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and repeatability of new cephalometric points introduced in Tau angle analysis, in contrast to the gold standard, which is the analysis of the ANB angle. For this purpose, an attempt was made to assess the repeatability and reliability of the introduction of anthropometric points by evaluating both inter- and intraobserver parameters, as well as the agreement among the orthodontists participating in the study. Methods: Repeatability and reliability assessments for all six anthropometric points (N, A, B, T, M, G) used in the analysis of the ANB and Tau angles were conducted individually by 29 orthodontists. This assessment was performed in triplicate on the day of the study, on the day following the first study, and on the seventh day after the second study. Measurement errors for the ANB and Tau angles were evaluated using the Dahlberg formula and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results: The orthodontists in the study measured sagittal discrepancy significantly more accurately using the ANB angle compared to the Tau angle (p < 0.001). The Dahlberg error for measuring the Tau angle was three times greater than that for the ANB angle (p < 0.001). Additionally, the ICC for the Tau angle was more than 3.5 times smaller than that for the ANB angle, while the R&R error for Tau measurement was more than three times greater than that for the ANB angle (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of ANB angle measurements exhibit fewer errors in comparison to Tau angle measurements. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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12 pages, 3191 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Relationship between Changes in Condylar Morphology and Masticatory Muscle Volume after Skeletal Class II Surgery

by Bunpout Lekroengsin, Chie Tachiki, Takashi Takaki and Yasushi Nishii

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(14), 4875; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144875 - 24 Jul 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1708

Abstract

The treatment of dentofacial deformities generally includes orthognathic surgery in which mandibular condyle changes following surgery are a common cause of relapse. This study investigated the changes in the mandibular condyle and related muscles to identify the factors that affected the changes in [...] Read more.

The treatment of dentofacial deformities generally includes orthognathic surgery in which mandibular condyle changes following surgery are a common cause of relapse. This study investigated the changes in the mandibular condyle and related muscles to identify the factors that affected the changes in the mandibular condyle after orthognathic surgery in skeletal class II patients. This research studied 60 joints in 30 patients with skeletal class II dentofacial deformities who received surgical orthodontic treatment, including bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy, and underwent computed tomography before and after orthodontic treatment. The mandibular condyle, masseter, and medial pterygoid muscles were reconstructed and measured in 3D. Condylar positional and morphology changes, masseter and medial pterygoid muscle volume, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, and distal segment movement were analyzed. The study observed that both the masseter and medial pterygoid muscle volumes decreased with statistical significance. The changes in the horizontal direction were positively correlated with the amount of movement. The findings indicated that mandibular condyle changes were significantly affected by the movement of the distal segment, the medial pterygoid muscle volume, and the direction of the distal segment, which influenced the treatment’s long-term stability after orthognathic surgery. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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11 pages, 1705 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Quantitative Evaluation of Aerosols Produced in the Dental Office during Caries Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial

by Jacek Matys, Tomasz Gedrange, Marzena Dominiak and Kinga Grzech-Leśniak

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(14), 4597; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144597 - 10 Jul 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1239

Abstract

Background: Effective removal of aerosols generated during dental treatment is crucial for maintaining biosafety in dental practice. This study aimed to measure the aerosol amount and the number of aerobic bacteria in the air during caries treatment. Methods: The study involved 50 molar [...] Read more.

Background: Effective removal of aerosols generated during dental treatment is crucial for maintaining biosafety in dental practice. This study aimed to measure the aerosol amount and the number of aerobic bacteria in the air during caries treatment. Methods: The study involved 50 molar teeth (n = 50) in the mandible in 50 patients divided into two groups based on the type of a high-volume evacuator (HVE); G1 (n = 25) conventional HVE (EM19 EVO, Monoart^® Euronda, Vicenza, Italy) and G2 (n = 25) a new, wider, customized HVE. The PC200 laser particle counter (Trotec GmbH, Schwerin, Germany) was used to measure aerosol particles in a range of 0.3–10.0 μm near the operator’s mouth. The study used 60 microbiological plates with a microbiological medium (Columbia Agar with 5% Sheep Blood) to check the number of aerobic bacteria in the air. Results: The mean value of aerosol particles in the G1 group (conventional HVE) was 54,145 ± 7915, while in the G2 group (test, wider evacuator) was lower and amounted to 32,632 ± 1803. (p < 0.001). The median total bacteria count in the air per cubic meter in control, G1 (HVE), and G2 (NEW-HVE) groups were 50 [36-60]; 772 [643-881]; 120 [92-139], respectively. (p < 0.05). Gram-positive cocci were the predominant bacteria in the plates: Micrococcus sp. (50%), Bacillus species (36.4%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (3.8%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (3.8%). Conclusions: the application of the wider high-volume evacuator increases the air purity during caries treatment as well as the biological safety of a dental office. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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15 pages, 295 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Gingival Augmentation Using Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin (i-PRF)—A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

by Jacek Żurek, Wojciech Niemczyk, Marzena Dominiak, Stanisław Niemczyk, Rafał Wiench and Dariusz Skaba

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(18), 5591; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13185591 (registering DOI) - 20 Sep 2024

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Abstract

Background: In recent years, the utilization of blood concentrates in dentistry has become increasingly prevalent. In 2014, the development of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) was achieved. One of the key benefits of i-PRF is its ability to consistently release a range of growth [...] Read more.

Background: In recent years, the utilization of blood concentrates in dentistry has become increasingly prevalent. In 2014, the development of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) was achieved. One of the key benefits of i-PRF is its ability to consistently release a range of growth factors. This review aimed to determine whether i-PRF could be used for gingival augmentation. Methods: The research involved a search of the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases using the following search terms: (“microneedling” or “micro needling” or “injectable platelet-rich fibrin” or “i-PRF”) and (“gingival augmentation” or “augmentation” or “attached gingiva’” or “attached mucosa” or “soft tissue augmentation” or “KM” or “keratinized mucosa”). Results: Of the 668 results, 8 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the article. The results of the studies analyzed indicated a significant increase in gingival thickness. Furthermore, some articles demonstrated an increase in keratinized tissue width. The augmentation of the gingival thickness with i-PRF yielded no inferior results in comparison to the free gingival graft, which is the current gold standard, resulting in a superior aesthetic outcome and a reduction in postoperative discomfort. Conclusions: This systematic review allowed the authors to conclude that the use of i-PRF or hyaluronic acid may be the first step towards developing a non-surgical method of gingival augmentation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

14 pages, 1741 KiB

Open AccessProtocol

A Prospective Randomized Control Trial of Lingual Frenuloplasty with Myofunctional Therapy in Patients with Maxillofacial Deformity in a Polish Cohort

by Anna Lichnowska, Adrian Gnatek, Szymon Tyszkiewicz, Marcin Kozakiewicz and Soroush Zaghi

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(18), 5354; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13185354 - 10 Sep 2024

Viewed by 1206

Abstract

Introduction: There are few publications concerning ankyloglossia in mixed-aged groups utilizing myofunctional therapy and frenuloplasty in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment and maxillofacial surgery. While it is well known that ankyloglossia is mainly diagnosed in babies, research on functional and structural disorders in different [...] Read more.

Introduction: There are few publications concerning ankyloglossia in mixed-aged groups utilizing myofunctional therapy and frenuloplasty in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment and maxillofacial surgery. While it is well known that ankyloglossia is mainly diagnosed in babies, research on functional and structural disorders in different age groups is less common. Thus, there is a high need for specific information about the influence and effectiveness of frenuloplasty with myofunctional therapy on the stomatognathic function and final treatment outcome for a wider variety of patients, especially those with maxillofacial deformities. Aim: This paper aims to evaluate the impact of lingual frenuloplasty as an adjunct to myofunctional therapy for the treatment of ankyloglossia in children and adults with maxillofacial deformity. Methods: Prospective randomized control trial with 155 subjects. Methods were based on visual observation and examination of the oral cavity. There were two groups: myofunctional therapy vs. myofunctional therapy and lingual frenuloplasty. Patients were randomized based on order of entry into the study. χ² test, Kruskal–Wallis, ANOVA, Student’s t-test and others were used for statistical analyses. Results: The presented protocol with myofunctional therapy and surgical procedures proved to be significantly more effective in improving tongue mobility and stomatognathic functions such as swallowing, breathing, and oral resting postures as compared to the reference group who underwent myofunctional therapy only. Conclusions: Lingual frenuloplasty with myofunctional therapy is highly effective in restoring the equilibrium of the orofacial muscles and the skeleton, which is often disturbed and may lead to unstable functional effects among patients considering orthodontic and orthognathic treatments for maxillofacial deformities. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry

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